Journal of Polymer Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
62(15), С. 3562 - 3583
Опубликована: Май 22, 2024
Abstract
Innovations
in
dynamic
polymeric
materials
offer
prospects
to
improve
the
circularity
and
lower
environmental
impact
of
modern
polymer
economy.
These
are
also
beginning
blur
distinction
between
re‐use
recycling
methods
since
bulk
material
properties
may
be
rationally
changed
after
applying
a
stimulus
or
performing
controlled
chemical
reaction.
In
this
Perspective,
we
propose
that
polymers
denote
unique
class
versatile
post‐consumer
waste,
which
shares
similarities
emergent
upcycling
approaches
while
offering
additional
opportunities
within
more
classical
schemes.
A
brief
overview
stimuli‐responsive
is
presented
where
illustrative
examples
discussed
context
developing
practical
materials.
Dynamic
covalent
then
highlighted,
along
with
emerging
techniques
such
as
editing,
focus
on
recent
reports
demonstrating
rational
manipulation
properties.
Finally,
discuss
these
alongside
explore
how
could
perform
sphere.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 9, 2025
Abstract
Living
systems
adapt
to
mechanical
forces
through
a
series
of
biochemical
feedback
loops
and
dissipative
signal
transduction
mechanisms
across
multiple
length
scales.
By
contrast,
synthetic
materials
are
static,
closed
with
minimal
interaction
their
surroundings
lack
the
ability
deformations.
Here,
strategy
that
enables
hydrogel
temporal
modulation
its
stiffness
properties
is
reported.
It
demonstrated
force‐induced
bond
rupture
at
disulfide
linkages
hydrogel,
coupled
chemical
reoxidation
leads
dissipative,
transient
functions.
The
electrochemical
generation
oxidant
as
output
loop
triggered
by
an
externally
applied
force
provides
high
spatiotemporal
control
over
process,
enabling
engineering
hydrogels
out‐of‐equilibrium
patterns.
Additionally,
dose‐controlled,
release
model
protein
payloads
from
demonstrated.
proposed
concept
has
potential
enhance
autonomous
interactive
functionalities
hydrogels,
advancing
applications
in
biomedical
field
soft
robotics.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(27), С. 33169 - 33179
Опубликована: Июль 4, 2023
Nonequilibrium
assembling
systems
developed
so
far
have
relied
on
chemical
fuels
to
drive
the
programmable
pH
cycles,
redox
reactions,
and
metastable
bond
formations.
However,
these
methods
often
result
in
unwanted
accumulation
of
waste.
Herein,
we
present
a
novel
strategy
for
achieving
cyclic
waste-free
nonequilibrium
assembly
disassembly
macroscopic
hydrogels,
utilizing
an
ionic
strength-mediated
approach.
Our
involves
using
ammonium
carbonate
as
fuel
temporally
regulate
attractions
between
oppositely
charged
hydrogels
via
strength-controlled
charge
screening
hydrogel
elasticity
changes.
This
effectively
mediates
assembly/disassembly
processes
prevents
waste
accumulation,
can
completely
decompose
into
volatile
The
reversible
process
be
achieved
without
significant
damping
due
self-clearance
mechanism,
long
is
repeatedly
supplied.
concept
holds
promise
creating
microscopic
self-adaptive
materials.
Abstract
Inspired
from
dynamic
living
systems
that
operate
under
out‐of‐equilibrium
conditions
in
biology,
developing
supramolecular
hydrogels
with
self‐regulating
and
autonomously
properties
to
further
advance
adaptive
life‐like
behavior
is
important.
This
review
presents
recent
progress
of
bio‐inspired
out‐of‐equilibrium.
The
principle
self‐assembly
for
creating
discussed.
Various
design
strategies
have
been
identified,
such
as
chemical‐driven
reaction
cycles
feedback
control
physically
oscillatory
systems.
These
can
be
coupled
achieve
temporal
spatial
over
structural
mechanical
well
programmable
lifetime.
studies
open
up
huge
opportunities
potential
applications,
fluidic
guidance,
information
storage,
drug
delivery,
actuators
more.
Finally,
we
address
the
challenges
ahead
us
coming
years,
future
possibilities
prospects
are
identified.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
63(31)
Опубликована: Май 21, 2024
Abstract
Biochemical
systems
make
use
of
out‐of‐equilibrium
polymers
generated
under
kinetic
control.
Inspired
by
these
systems,
many
abiotic
supramolecular
driven
chemical
fuel
reactions
have
been
reported.
Conversely,
based
on
transient
covalent
bonds
received
little
attention,
even
though
they
the
potential
to
complement
generating
structures
stronger
and
offering
a
straightforward
tuning
reaction
kinetics.
In
this
study,
we
show
that
simple
aqueous
dicarboxylic
acids
give
poly(anhydrides)
when
treated
with
carbodiimide
EDC.
Transient
molecular
weights
exceeding
15,000
are
which
then
decompose
over
course
hours
weeks.
Disassembly
kinetics
can
be
controlled
using
substituent
effects
in
monomer
design.
The
impact
solvent
polarity,
concentration,
temperature,
pyridine
concentration
polymer
properties
lifetimes
has
investigated.
results
reveal
substantial
control
assembly
disassembly
kinetics,
highlighting
for
fine‐tuned
nonequilibrium
polymerization
systems.
Angewandte Chemie,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
136(31)
Опубликована: Май 21, 2024
Abstract
Biochemical
systems
make
use
of
out‐of‐equilibrium
polymers
generated
under
kinetic
control.
Inspired
by
these
systems,
many
abiotic
supramolecular
driven
chemical
fuel
reactions
have
been
reported.
Conversely,
based
on
transient
covalent
bonds
received
little
attention,
even
though
they
the
potential
to
complement
generating
structures
stronger
and
offering
a
straightforward
tuning
reaction
kinetics.
In
this
study,
we
show
that
simple
aqueous
dicarboxylic
acids
give
poly(anhydrides)
when
treated
with
carbodiimide
EDC.
Transient
molecular
weights
exceeding
15,000
are
which
then
decompose
over
course
hours
weeks.
Disassembly
kinetics
can
be
controlled
using
substituent
effects
in
monomer
design.
The
impact
solvent
polarity,
concentration,
temperature,
pyridine
concentration
polymer
properties
lifetimes
has
investigated.
results
reveal
substantial
control
assembly
disassembly
kinetics,
highlighting
for
fine‐tuned
nonequilibrium
polymerization
systems.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2024
Abstract
Despite
advances
in
creating
dissipative
materials
with
transient
properties,
such
as
hydrogels
and
active
droplets,
their
application
remains
confined
to
temporal
changes
structural
properties.
Developing
out‐of‐equilibrium
whose
electronic
functions
are
parameterized
by
a
chemical
reaction
cycle
is
challenging.
Yet,
this
class
of
required
construct
biomimetic
materials.
In
contrast
traditional
cycles
that
exploit
molecularly
dissolved
building
blocks
at
thermodynamic
equilibrium,
we
show
fiber
structures
derived
from
reactive
naphthalene
diimide
(NDI)
can
be
used
resting
states
form
far‐from‐equilibrium
conductive
after
the
addition
fuels.
Upon
fueling
NDI‐derived
fibers,
dual‐component
activation
deactivation
pathway
deduced
kinetic
analysis
absent
when
using
state.
Investigating
solid‐state
morphologies
formed
throughout
fuel‐driven
cryo‐EM
reveals
fibers
evolve
thicker
fibrils
layered
superstructures.
We
redox‐active
exhibit
nearly
threefold
increase
electrical
conductivity
upon
fuel
consumption
before
reverting
original
value
over
hours.
These
potential
candidates
applications
programmable
biorobotics
computing.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2024
Abstract
Although
different
chemistries
for
the
spatio‐temporal
localization
of
molecules
and
gradients
chemical
signals
within
soft
materials
are
now
available,
achievement
patterns
mechanical
properties
in
such
their
characterization
remain
considerable
challenges.
This
study
presents
syntheses
two
novel
photo‐sensitive
thermoresponsive
hydrogel
systems,
a
photo‐stiffening
photo‐softening
hydrogel.
Their
potential
fabricating
with
patterned
is
then
demonstrated
by
an
actuator
whose
higher‐order
bending
can
be
switched
on
light,
encoding
digital
information
encryption
storage.
Microindentation
custom‐made
data
analysis
software
essential
all
materials.
From
general
perspective,
this
work
opens
route
to
fabrication
properties,
addressing
important
emerging
challenge
science
applications
robotics