Environmental Research Letters,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
19(3), С. 033001 - 033001
Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024
In
support
of
the
environmental
justice
(EJ)
movement,
researchers,
activists,
and
policymakers
often
use
data
to
document
evidence
unequal
distribution
burdens
benefits
along
lines
race,
class,
other
socioeconomic
characteristics.
Numerous
limitations,
such
as
spatial
or
temporal
discontinuities,
exist
with
commonly
used
measurement
techniques,
which
include
ground
monitoring
federal
screening
tools.
Satellite
is
well
poised
address
these
gaps
in
EJ
monitoring;
however,
little
known
about
how
satellite
has
advanced
findings
can
help
promote
through
interventions.
Thus,
this
scoping
review
aims
(1)
explore
trends
study
design,
topics,
geographic
scope,
datasets
research
EJ,
(2)
synthesize
from
studies
that
characterize
disparities
inequities
across
socio-demographic
groups
for
various
categories,
(3)
capture
are
relevant
policy
real-world
impact.
Following
PRISMA
extension
guidelines
reviews,
we
retrieved
81
articles
applied
United
States
2000
2022.
The
majority
leveraged
technical
advantages
identify
exposure
risk
factors,
air
pollution,
access
benefits,
green
space,
at
wider
coverage
greater
precision
than
previously
possible.
These
associated
health
outcomes
increased
cardiovascular
respiratory
diseases,
mental
illness,
mortality.
Research
using
illuminate
concerns
contribute
efforts
mitigate
inequalities
reduce
disparities.
therefore
targeted
interventions
influence
planning
changes,
but
significant
work
remains
facilitate
application
community
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Март 15, 2024
Abstract
Urban
areas
worldwide
are
experiencing
escalating
temperatures
due
to
the
combined
effects
of
climate
change
and
urbanization,
leading
a
phenomenon
known
as
urban
overheating.
Understanding
spatial
distribution
land
surface
temperature
(LST)
its
driving
factors
is
crucial
for
mitigation
adaptation
So
far,
there
has
been
an
absence
investigations
into
spatiotemporal
patterns
explanatory
LST
in
city
Addis
Ababa.
The
study
aims
determine
temperature,
analyze
how
relationships
between
vary
across
space,
compare
effectiveness
using
ordinary
least
squares
geographically
weighted
regression
model
these
connections.
findings
showed
that
show
statistically
significant
hot
spot
zones
north-central
parts
area
(Moran’s
I
=
0.172).
relationship
variables
were
modelled
square
thereby
tested
if
dependence
Koenker
(BP)
Statistic.The
result
revealed
non-stationarity
(p
0.000)
consequently
was
employed
performance
with
OLS.
research
that,
GWR
(R
2
0.57,
AIC
1052.1)
more
effective
technique
than
OLS
0.42,
2162.0)
studying
selected
variables.
use
improved
accuracy
by
capturing
heterogeneity
Statistic.
((p
Consequently,
Localized
understanding
formulated.
Applied Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(4), С. 1752 - 1752
Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2025
Air
pollution
in
urban
street
canyons
presents
a
serious
health
risk,
especially
densely
populated
areas.
While
previous
research
has
explored
airflow
characteristics
these
canyons,
it
often
lacks
detailed
data
on
pollutant
dispersion
and
the
effects
of
wind
speed
patterns
vortex
formation.
This
study
uses
Computational
Fluid
Dynamics
(CFD)
to
deliver
quantitative
measurements
rates
qualitative
insights
into
across
various
canyon
morphologies.
The
analysis
examines
range
aspect
ratios
(ARs),
from
wide
(AR
=
0.75)
narrow
4.5),
different
speeds
evaluate
their
dispersion.
Findings
indicate
that
purging
flow
decline
as
AR
increases,
with
more
pronounced
decrease
at
lower
values.
In
narrower
streets,
are
particularly
sensitive
velocity,
leading
unexpected
vortices
hinder
effective
By
incorporating
design
strategies,
cities
can
enhance
ventilation,
thereby
reducing
concentrations
improving
public
health.
also
tests
specific
layout
Seville
predict
accumulation
under
conditions,
assessing
risks
based
World
Health
Organization
guidelines.
Ultimately,
this
aids
developing
healthier,
sustainable
environments.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
122(19)
Опубликована: Май 5, 2025
Globally,
cities
face
increasing
extreme
heat,
impacting
comfort,
health,
and
energy
consumption.
Infrastructure-based
heat
adaptation
strategies
can
improve
these
outcomes,
but
each
strategy
has
a
unique
mix
of
benefits
drawbacks.
Here,
we
apply
an
urbanized
meteorological
model
(WRF)
with
the
newly
integrated
multilayer
BEP-Tree
street
tree
to
dynamically
downscale
Earth
System
Model
projections
3-D
microclimate
(TUF-Pedestrian)
simulate
street-scale
radiation
environment
pedestrians.
We
evaluate
performance
five
(street
trees,
cool
roofs,
green
rooftop
photovoltaics
(PV),
reflective
pavements)
during
events
in
three
contrasting
background
climates
(Toronto,
Phoenix,
Miami),
under
contemporary
end-of-century
projected
climates,
based
on
metrics:
outdoor
stress,
air
conditioning
(AC)
use,
ventilation
vehicular
pollution.
No
single
improves
all
outcomes.
While
trees
inhibit
ventilation,
they
reduce
stress
four
times
more
effectively
than
next
best
via
shade
provision,
fully
offsetting
increases
high-emissions
climate
scenario
studied.
Cool
roofs
moderately
use.
Alternatively,
PV
storage
generate
sufficient
power
for
space
cooling
have
marginal
effects
stress.
Reflective
pavements
are
least
effective
across
metrics.
Where
street-level
emissions
is
less
concern,
our
results
clearly
support
combination
as
highly
complementary
means
adaptive
mitigation
different
neighborhood
densities.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
897, С. 165228 - 165228
Опубликована: Июль 5, 2023
Urban
green
spaces
(UGS)
and
peri-urban
(P-UGS)
play
a
crucial
role
in
reducing
the
land
surface
temperature
within
urban
environment,
especially
during
heat
waves.
Although
their
cooling
effect
generally
is
due
to
shading
evaporation,
of
soil
texture
water
availability
on
remains
largely
unexplored.
This
study
investigated
impact
spatio-temporal
patterns
LST
different
UGSs
P-UGSs
Hamburg
(Germany)
hot
summer
drought
period.
The
Normalized
Differentiated
Moisture
Vegetation
Indices
(NDMI,
NDVI)
were
calculated
based
two
Landsat
8
OLI/TIRS
images
from
July
2013.
Non-spatial
spatial
statistical
approaches
such
as
stepwise
backward
regression
or
Hotspot
(Getis-Ord
Gi*)
analyses
applied
explaining
distributions
relation
each
UGS
P-UGS.
All
GSs
clearly
characterized
islands
whereas,
for
GS,
an
individual
thermal
footprint
was
observed.
Within
all
GSs,
showed
significant
negative
relationship
NDMI
values,
whereas
NDVI
values
elevation
minor
importance.
Soil
found
influence
distribution
significantly
most
P-UGSs,
where
sites
clay-rich
soils
highest
compared
sand-
silt-rich
soils.
For
example,
parks,
clayey
mean
25.3
°C
sand-dominated
had
only
23.1
°C.
consistent
throughout
approaches,
both
dates
across
GSs.
unexpected
result
explained
by
very
low
unsaturated
hydraulic
conductivity
which
limits
plant
uptake
transpiration
rates
responsible
evaporative
effect.
We
concluded
that
has
be
considered
understanding
managing
capacity
P-UGSs.
