The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Liver Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 16(11), С. 26087 - 26124

Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2015

A complex antioxidant system has been developed in mammals to relieve oxidative stress. However, excessive reactive species derived from oxygen and nitrogen may still lead damage tissue organs. Oxidative stress considered as a conjoint pathological mechanism, it contributes initiation progression of liver injury. lot risk factors, including alcohol, drugs, environmental pollutants irradiation, induce liver, which turn results severe diseases, such alcoholic disease non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Application antioxidants signifies rational curative strategy prevent cure diseases involving Although conclusions drawn clinical studies remain uncertain, animal have revealed the promising vivo therapeutic effect on diseases. Natural contained edible or medicinal plants often possess strong free radical scavenging abilities well anti-inflammatory action, are also supposed be basis other bioactivities health benefits. In this review, PubMed was extensively searched for literature research. The keywords searching were radicals, oxygen, species, anti-oxidative therapy, Chinese medicines, natural products, literature, ours, with therapy focus. Various factors that cause effects prevention treatment summarized, questioned, discussed.

Язык: Английский

---

Reducing oxidative/nitrosative stress: a newly-discovered genre for melatonin

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2009, Номер 44(4), С. 175 - 200

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2009

The discovery of melatonin and its derivatives as antioxidants has stimulated a very large number studies which have, virtually uniformly, documented the ability these molecules to detoxify harmful reactants reduce molecular damage. These observations have clear clinical implications given that numerous age-related diseases in humans an important free radical component. Moreover, major theory explain processes aging invokes radicals their causative agents. conditions, coupled with loss organisms age, suggest some aspects may be aggravated by diminished levels advanced age. Another corollary this is administration melatonin, uncommonly low toxicity profile, could theoretically defer progression possibly forestall signs aging. Certainly, research next decade will help define role determining successful While increasing life span not necessarily goal investigative efforts, improving health quality aged should aim research.

Язык: Английский

---

Protective effects of melatonin in reducing oxidative stress and in preserving the fluidity of biological membranes: a review

Journal of Pineal Research, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 56(3), С. 225 - 237

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2014

Abstract Free radicals generated within subcellular compartments damage macromolecules which lead to severe structural changes and functional alterations of cellular organelles. A manifestation free radical injury biological membranes is the process lipid peroxidation, an autooxidative chain reaction in polyunsaturated fatty acids membrane are substrate. There considerable evidence that tends reduce fluidity. However, adequate levels fluidity essential for proper functioning membranes. Thus, there interest antioxidant molecules able stabilize because their protective effects against peroxidation. Melatonin indoleamine modulates a wide variety endocrine, neural immune functions. Over last two decades, intensive research has proven this molecule, as well its metabolites, possess substantial activity. In addition ability scavenge several reactive oxygen nitrogen species, melatonin increases activity glutathione redox enzymes, is, peroxidase reductase, other enzymes. These beneficial more significant small molecular size amphipathic behaviour, facilitates ease penetration into every compartment. present work, we review current information related maintaining attack, further, discuss implications ageing disease.

Язык: Английский

---

Melatonin: Action as antioxidant and potential applications in human disease and aging

Toxicology, Год журнала: 2010, Номер 278(1), С. 55 - 67

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2010

Язык: Английский

---

Melatonin: An Established Antioxidant Worthy of Use in Clinical Trials

Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2009, Номер 15(1-2), С. 43 - 50

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2009

Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of aging and many metabolic diseases; therefore, an effective antioxidant therapy would be great importance these circumstances. Nutritional, environmental, chemical factors can induce overproduction superoxide anion radical both cytosol mitochondria. This is first event that leads to activation pathways involved development several diseases are related oxidative stress. As oxidation essential molecules continues, it turns nitrooxidative because involvement nitric oxide pathogenic processes. Once peroxynitrite forms, damages via two distinctive mechanisms. First, has direct toxic effects leading lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNA damage. mechanism involves induction transcription cytokine-induced chronic inflammation. Classic antioxidants, including vitamins A, C, E, have often failed exhibit beneficial aging. Melatonin multifunctional indolamine counteracts virtually all pathophysiologic steps displays significant actions against peroxynitrite-induced cellular toxicity. protection melatonin's antioxidative antiinflammatory properties. capability scavenging oxygen- nitrogen-based reactants, those formed from peroxynitrite, blocking transcriptional factors, which proinflammatory cytokines. Accumulating evidence suggests this nontoxic may useful either as sole treatment or conjunction with other treatments for inhibiting biohazardous

Язык: Английский

---

Melatonin, endocrine pancreas and diabetes

Journal of Pineal Research, Год журнала: 2007, Номер 44(1), С. 26 - 40

Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2007

Abstract: Melatonin influences insulin secretion both in vivo and vitro. (i) The effects are MT 1 ‐and 2 ‐receptor‐mediated. (ii) They specific, high‐affinity, pertussis‐toxin‐sensitive, G i ‐protein‐coupled, leading to inhibition of the cAMP‐pathway increase release. Furthermore, melatonin inhibits cGMP‐pathway, possibly mediated by receptors. In this way, likely A third system, IP 3 ‐pathway, is q ‐proteins, phospholipase C , which mobilize Ca 2+ from intracellular stores, with a resultant insulin. (iii) Insulin vivo, as well isolated islets, exhibits circadian rhythm. This rhythm, apparently generated within influenced melatonin, induces phase shift secretion. (iv) Observation expression clock genes pancreas could be an indication generation rhythms pancreatic islets themselves. (v) diabetes associated metabolic disturbances. diabetogens, alloxan streptozotocin, lead selective destruction β‐cells through their accumulation these cells, where they induce ROS. very susceptible oxidative stress because possess only low‐antioxidative capacity. Results suggest that pharmacological doses provides protection against (vi) Finally, levels plasma, arylalkylamine‐ N ‐acetyltransferase (AANAT) activity, lower diabetic than nondiabetic rats humans. contrast, pineal gland, AANAT mRNA increased receptor decreased, indicates close interrelationship between melatonin.

Язык: Английский

---

Diabetic retinopathy pathogenesis and the ameliorating effects of melatonin; involvement of autophagy, inflammation and oxidative stress

Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 193, С. 20 - 33

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2017

Язык: Английский

---

Antioxidant Actions of Melatonin: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(4), С. 439 - 439

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2024

Melatonin is an indoleamine with crucial antioxidant properties that are used to combat inflammatory and neoplastic processes, as well control transplants. However, the clinical applications of melatonin have not yet been fully consolidated in literature require in-depth analysis. Objectives: This study reviewed on rat models. Methods: We followed guidelines Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-analyses PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane databases, Google Scholar, article references, irrespective publication time. Results: Ten articles involving 485 rats were selected, effects markers investigated. increased superoxide dismutase nine studies, glutathione peroxidase seven catalase five studies. In contrast, reduced three studies malonaldehyde eight Conclusion: Our findings suggest effectively reduces oxidative stress.

Язык: Английский

---

Effect of melatonin and vitamin E on diabetes-induced learning and memory impairment in rats

European Journal of Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2006, Номер 537(1-3), С. 106 - 110

Опубликована: Март 21, 2006

Язык: Английский

---

Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of wild bitter melon (Momordica charantia Linn. var. abbreviata Ser.) in Taiwan

LWT, Год журнала: 2007, Номер 41(2), С. 323 - 330

Опубликована: Март 20, 2007

Язык: Английский

---