Insights into the Coral Microbiome: Underpinning the Health and Resilience of Reef Ecosystems

Annual Review of Microbiology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 70(1), С. 317 - 340

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2016

Corals are fundamental ecosystem engineers, creating large, intricate reefs that support diverse and abundant marine life. At the core of a healthy coral animal is dynamic relationship with microorganisms, including mutually beneficial symbiosis photosynthetic dinoflagellates (Symbiodinium spp.) enduring partnerships an array bacterial, archaeal, fungal, protistan, viral associates, collectively termed holobiont. The combined genomes this holobiont form hologenome, genomic interactions within hologenome ultimately define phenotype. Here we integrate contemporary scientific knowledge regarding ecological, host-specific, environmental forces shaping diversity, specificity, distribution microbial symbionts holobiont, explore physiological pathways contribute to fitness, describe potential mechanisms for homeostasis. Understanding role microbiome in resilience, acclimation, adaptation new frontier reef science will require large-scale collaborative research efforts.

Язык: Английский

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Calypso: a user-friendly web-server for mining and visualizing microbiome–environment interactions

Bioinformatics, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 33(5), С. 782 - 783

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2016

Abstract Calypso is an easy-to-use online software suite that allows non-expert users to mine, interpret and compare taxonomic information from metagenomic or 16S rDNA datasets. has a focus on multivariate statistical approaches can identify complex environment-microbiome associations. The enables quantitative visualizations, testing, analysis, supervised learning, factor multivariable regression, network analysis diversity estimates. Comprehensive help pages, tutorials videos are provided via wiki page. Availability Implementation web-interface accessible http://cgenome.net/calypso/. programmed in Java, PERL R the source code available Zenodo (https://zenodo.org/record/50931). freely for non-commercial users. Supplementary data at Bioinformatics online.

Язык: Английский

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Bacterial community dynamics are linked to patterns of coral heat tolerance

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2017

Abstract Ocean warming threatens corals and the coral reef ecosystem. Nevertheless, can be adapted to their thermal environment inherit heat tolerance across generations. In addition, diverse microbes that associate with have capacity for more rapid change, potentially aiding adaptation of long-lived corals. Here, we show microbiome is different thermally variable habitats changes over time when are reciprocally transplanted. Exposing these bleaching conditions heat-sensitive corals, but not heat-tolerant growing in natural high extremes. Importantly, particular bacterial taxa predict host response a short-term stress experiment. Such associations could result from parallel responses microbial community living at temperatures. A competing hypothesis causally linked.

Язык: Английский

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Beneficial Microorganisms for Corals (BMC): Proposed Mechanisms for Coral Health and Resilience

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 8

Опубликована: Март 7, 2017

The symbiotic association between the coral animal and its endosymbiotic dinoflagellate partner Symbiodinium is central to success of corals. However, an array other microorganisms associated with (i.e., Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi viruses) have a complex intricate role in maintaining homeostasis corals Symbiodinium. Corals are sensitive shifts surrounding environmental conditions. One most widely reported responses stressful conditions bleaching. During this event, expel cells from their gastrodermal tissues upon experiencing extended seawater temperatures above thermal threshold. An stressors can also destabilize microbiome, resulting compromised health host, which may include disease mortality worst scenario. exact mechanisms by microbiome supports increases resilience poorly understood. Earlier studies microbiology proposed probiotic hypothesis, wherein dynamic relationship exists microorganisms, selecting for holobiont that best suited prevailing Here, we discuss microbial-host relationships within holobiont, along potential roles health. We propose term BMC (Beneficial Microorganisms Corals) define (specific) symbionts promote This concept analogous Plant Growth Promoting Rhizosphere (PGPR), has been explored manipulated agricultural industry inhabit rhizosphere directly or indirectly plant growth development through production regulatory signals, antibiotics nutrients. Additionally, effects on corals, suggesting strategies use knowledge manipulate reversing dysbiosis restore protect reefs. developing using consortia as "probiotics" improve resistance after bleaching events and/or such human-assisted acclimation/adaption shifting

Язык: Английский

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Microbes Drive Evolution of Animals and Plants: the Hologenome Concept

mBio, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 7(2)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2016

The hologenome concept of evolution postulates that the holobiont (host plus symbionts) with its genome microbiome) is a level selection in evolution. Multicellular organisms can no longer be considered individuals by classical definitions term. Every natural animal and plant consisting host diverse symbiotic microbes viruses. Microbial symbionts transmitted from parent to offspring variety methods, including via cytoplasmic inheritance, coprophagy, direct contact during after birth, environment. A large number studies have demonstrated these contribute anatomy, physiology, development, innate adaptive immunity, behavior finally also genetic variation origin species. Acquisition microbial genes powerful mechanism for driving complexity. Evolution proceeds both cooperation competition, working parallel.

Язык: Английский

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The hologenome concept of evolution after 10 years

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2018

The holobiont (host with its endocellular and extracellular microbiome) can function as a distinct biological entity, an additional organismal level to the ones previously considered, on which natural selection operates. whole: anatomically, metabolically, immunologically, developmentally, during evolution. Consideration of hologenome independent in evolution has led better understanding underappreciated modes genetic variation is comprised two complimentary parts: host microbiome genomes. Changes either genome result variations that be selected for or against. highly conserved, changes within it occur slowly, whereas dynamic change rapidly response environment by increasing reducing particular microbes, acquisition novel horizontal gene transfer, mutation. Recent experiments showing microbiota play initial role speciation have been suggested mode enhancing Some transferred offspring variety mechanisms. Strain-specific DNA analysis shown at least some maintained across hundreds thousands generations, implying existence microbial core. We argue rapid could allow holobionts adapt survive under changing environmental conditions thus providing time necessary evolve. As Darwin wrote, "It not strongest species survives but most adaptable".

Язык: Английский

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Rapid adaptive responses to climate change in corals

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 7(9), С. 627 - 636

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Defining and quantifying the core microbiome: Challenges and prospects

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 118(51)

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2021

The term "core microbiome" has become widely used in microbial ecology over the last decade. Broadly, core microbiome refers to any set of taxa, or genomic and functional attributes associated with those that are characteristic a host environment interest. Most commonly, microbiomes measured as taxa shared among two more samples from particular environment. Despite popularity this its growing use, there is little consensus about how should be quantified practice. Here, we present brief history concept use representative sample literature review different metrics commonly for quantifying core. Empirical analyses have wide range microbiome, including arbitrary occurrence abundance cutoff values, focal taxonomic level ranging phyla amplicon sequence variants. However, many these susceptible sampling other biases. Developing standardized accounts such biases necessary testing specific hypotheses ecological roles microbiomes.

Язык: Английский

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Coral microbiome dynamics, functions and design in a changing world

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 17(9), С. 557 - 567

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Coral-associated bacteria demonstrate phylosymbiosis and cophylogeny

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2018

Scleractinian corals' microbial symbionts influence host health, yet how coral microbiomes assembled over evolution is not well understood. We survey bacterial and archaeal communities in phylogenetically diverse Australian corals representing more than 425 million years of diversification. show that are anatomically compartmentalized both modern ecology evolutionary assembly. Coral mucus, tissue, skeleton differ community composition, richness, response to vs. environmental drivers. also find evidence coral-microbe phylosymbiosis, which microbiome composition richness reflect phylogeny. Surprisingly, the represents most biodiverse microbiome, shows strongest phylosymbiosis. Interactions between phylogeny significantly abundance four groups bacteria-including Endozoicomonas-like bacteria, divide into host-generalist host-specific subclades. Together these results trace symbiosis across anatomy during a basal animal lineage.

Язык: Английский

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