Obesity, Leptin and Breast Cancer: Epidemiological Evidence and Proposed Mechanisms

Cancers, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 11(1), С. 62 - 62

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2019

The prevalence of obesity has been steadily increasing over the past few decades in several developed and developing countries, with resultant hazardous health implications. Substantial epidemiological evidence shown that excessive adiposity strongly influences risk, prognosis, progression various malignancies, including breast cancer. Indeed, it is now well recognized a complex physiologic state associated multiple molecular changes capable modulating behavior tumor cells as surrounding microenvironment. Particularly, insulin resistance, hyperactivation insulin-like growth factor pathways, increased levels estrogen due to aromatization by adipose tissue, inflammatory cytokines, adipokines contribute cancerogenesis. Among adipokines, leptin, whose circulating increase proportionally total tissue mass, identified key member network obesity. This review summarizes current knowledge on link existing between cancer outlines mechanisms underlying this connection. multifaceted role adipokine leptin respect also discussed.

Язык: Английский

---

Inflammation-Induced Tumorigenesis and Metastasis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(11), С. 5421 - 5421

Опубликована: Май 21, 2021

Inflammation, especially chronic inflammation, plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and metastasis through various mechanisms is now recognized as hallmark of cancer an attractive therapeutic target cancer. In this review, we discuss recent advances molecular how inflammation promotes suppresses anti-tumor immunity types solid tumors, including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, liver, pancreatic well hematopoietic malignancies.

Язык: Английский

---

Obesity promotes resistance to anti-VEGF therapy in breast cancer by up-regulating IL-6 and potentially FGF-2

Science Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 10(432)

Опубликована: Март 14, 2018

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy has failed to improve survival in patients with breast cancer (BC). Potential mechanisms of resistance anti-VEGF include the up-regulation alternative angiogenic and proinflammatory factors. Obesity is associated hypoxic adipose tissues, including those breast, resulting increased production some aforementioned Hence, we hypothesized that obesity could contribute therapy's lack efficacy. We found BC harbored systemic concentrations interleukin-6 (IL-6) and/or fibroblast 2 (FGF-2), their tumor vasculature was less sensitive treatment. Mouse models revealed impairs effects on angiogenesis, growth, metastasis. In one murine model, IL-6 from adipocytes myeloid cells within tumors. blockade abrogated obesity-induced primary metastatic sites by directly affecting cell proliferation, normalizing vasculature, alleviating hypoxia, reducing immunosuppression. Similarly, a second mouse where FGF-2, normalization FGF-2 expression metformin or specific FGF receptor inhibition decreased vessel density restored sensitivity obese mice. Collectively, our data indicate fuels via inflammatory

Язык: Английский

---

Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cancer Risk

Frontiers in Oncology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2021

Obesity and type 2 diabetes have both been associated with increased cancer risk are becoming increasingly prevalent. Metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance dyslipidemia obesity implicated in the obesity-cancer relationship. Multiple mechanisms proposed to link progression, including an increase insulin/IGF-1 signaling, lipid glucose uptake metabolism, alterations profile of cytokines, chemokines, adipokines, well changes adipose tissue directly adjacent sites. This review aims summarize provide update on epidemiological mechanistic evidence linking cancer, focusing roles insulin, lipids, tissue.

Язык: Английский

---

Obesity and aging: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 67, С. 101268 - 101268

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2021

Язык: Английский

---

Cell-Type-Specific Responses to Interleukin-1 Control Microbial Invasion and Tumor-Elicited Inflammation in Colorectal Cancer

Immunity, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 50(1), С. 166 - 180.e7

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

---

Lower Airway Dysbiosis Affects Lung Cancer Progression

Cancer Discovery, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11(2), С. 293 - 307

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2020

In lung cancer, enrichment of the lower airway microbiota with oral commensals commonly occurs, and

Язык: Английский

---

NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated cytokine production and pyroptosis cell death in breast cancer

Journal of Biomedical Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 28(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2021

Breast cancer is the most diagnosed malignancy in women. Increasing evidence has highlighted importance of chronic inflammation at local and/or systemic level breast pathobiology, influencing its progression, metastatic potential and therapeutic outcome by altering tumor immune microenvironment. These processes are mediated a variety cytokines, chemokines growth factors that exert their biological functions either locally or distantly. Inflammasomes protein signaling complexes form response to damage- pathogen-associated molecular patterns (DAMPS PAMPS), triggering release pro-inflammatory cytokines. The dysregulation inflammasome activation can lead development inflammatory diseases, neurodegeneration, cancer. A crucial pathway leading acute occurs through NLRP3 followed caspase 1-dependent IL-1β IL-18 as well as, gasdermin D-mediated pyroptotic cell death. In this review we focus on role components signaling, highlighting more detailed understanding clinical relevance these pathways could significantly contribute novel strategies for

Язык: Английский

---

Context-dependent functions of pattern recognition receptors in cancer

Nature reviews. Cancer, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(7), С. 397 - 413

Опубликована: Март 30, 2022

Язык: Английский

---

Harnessing innate immune pathways for therapeutic advancement in cancer

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Март 25, 2024

Abstract The innate immune pathway is receiving increasing attention in cancer therapy. This ubiquitous across various cell types, not only cells but also adaptive cells, tumor and stromal cells. Agonists targeting the have shown profound changes microenvironment (TME) improved prognosis preclinical studies. However, to date, clinical success of drugs remains limited. Interestingly, recent studies that activation can paradoxically promote progression. uncertainty surrounding therapeutic effectiveness targeted for a critical issue needs immediate investigation. In this review, we observe role demonstrates heterogeneity, linked development stage, status, specific types. We propose within TME, exhibits multidimensional diversity. diversity fundamentally rooted cellular heterogeneity manifested as variety signaling networks. pro-tumor effect essentially reflects suppression classical pathways potential alternative pathways. Refining our understanding tumor’s network employing appropriate strategies enhance ability harness anti-tumor ultimately bridge gap from application.

Язык: Английский

---