Arousal Effects on Pupil Size, Heart Rate, and Skin Conductance in an Emotional Face Task

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2018

Arousal level changes constantly and it has a profound influence on performance during everyday activities. Fluctuations in arousal are regulated by the autonomic nervous system, which is mainly controlled balanced activity of parasympathetic sympathetic systems, commonly indexed heart rate (HR) galvanic skin response (GSR), respectively. Although growing number studies have used pupil size to indicate arousal, research that directly examines relationship between HR or GSR limited. The goal this study was understand how modulated arousal. Human participants fixated various emotional face stimuli, low-level visual properties were carefully controlled, while their size, HR, GSR, eye position recorded simultaneously. We hypothesized positive correlation would be observed both before after presentation. Trial-by-trial correlations diameter found presentation, with larger trials higher GSR. However, task-evoked responses presentation only correlated HR. Overall, these results demonstrated trial-by-trial suggesting can as an index for involuntarily system.

Язык: Английский

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Choice history biases subsequent evidence accumulation

eLife, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 8

Опубликована: Июль 2, 2019

Perceptual choices depend not only on the current sensory input but also behavioral context, such as history of one's own choices. Yet, it remains unknown how signals shape dynamics later decision formation. In models formation, is commonly assumed that choice shifts starting point accumulation toward bound reflecting previous choice. We here present results challenge this idea. fit bounded-accumulation to human perceptual data, and estimated bias parameters depended observers' Across multiple task protocols modalities, individual biases in overt behavior were consistently explained by a history-dependent change evidence accumulation, rather than its point. Choice thus seem interpretation input, akin shifting endogenous attention (or away from) previously selected interpretation.

Язык: Английский

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The Border Between Seeing and Thinking

Oxford University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

Abstract This book argues that there is a joint in nature between seeing and thinking, perception, cognition. Perception constitutively iconic, nonconceptual, nonpropositional, whereas cognition does not have these properties constitutively. The appeal to “intuitions,” as common philosophy, but empirical evidence, including experiments neuroscience psychology. affects i.e., perception cognitively penetrable, this impugn the nature. A key part of argument we perceive only low-level like colors, shapes, textures also high-level such faces causation. Along way, explains difference perceptual memory, differences format content, whether probabilistic despite our lack awareness properties. for categories are concepts, need be singular, attribution discrimination equally fundamental, basic features mind known “core cognition” third category chapter on consciousness leverages results argue against some most widely accepted theories consciousness. Although one about consciousness, much rest repurposes work isolate scientific basis perception.

Язык: Английский

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Mice alternate between discrete strategies during perceptual decision-making

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(2), С. 201 - 212

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Pupillometry as an integrated readout of distinct attentional networks

Trends in Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 45(8), С. 635 - 647

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Standardized and reproducible measurement of decision-making in mice

eLife, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10

Опубликована: Май 19, 2021

Progress in science requires standardized assays whose results can be readily shared, compared, and reproduced across laboratories. Reproducibility, however, has been a concern neuroscience, particularly for measurements of mouse behavior. Here, we show that task to probe decision-making mice produces reproducible multiple We adopted head-fixed perceptual value-based decision making, training protocol experimental hardware, software, procedures. trained 140 seven laboratories three countries, collected 5 million choices into publicly available database. Learning speed was variable laboratories, but once complete there were no significant differences behavior Mice different similar reliance on visual stimuli, past successes failures, estimates stimulus prior probability guide their choices. These reveal complex They establish standard rodent behavior, provide an unprecedented dataset open-access tools study mice. More generally, they indicate path toward achieving reproducibility neuroscience through collaborative open-science approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Locus Coeruleus Norepinephrine in Learned Behavior: Anatomical Modularity and Spatiotemporal Integration in Targets

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 15

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2021

The locus coeruleus (LC), a small brainstem nucleus, is the primary source of neuromodulator norepinephrine (NE) in brain. LC receives input from widespread brain regions, and projects throughout forebrain, brainstem, cerebellum, spinal cord. neurons release NE to control arousal, but also context variety sensory-motor behavioral functions. Despite its brain-wide effects, much about role LC-NE behavior circuits controlling activity unknown. New evidence suggests that modular input-output organization could enable transient, task-specific modulation distinct regions. Future work must further assess whether this spatial modularity coincides with functional differences subpopulations acting at specific times, how such spatiotemporal specificity might influence learned behaviors. Here, we summarize state field present new ideas on

Язык: Английский

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Spatiotemporal dynamics of noradrenaline during learned behaviour

Nature, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 606(7915), С. 732 - 738

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Methods in cognitive pupillometry: Design, preprocessing, and statistical analysis

Behavior Research Methods, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 55(6), С. 3055 - 3077

Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2022

Cognitive pupillometry is the measurement of pupil size to investigate cognitive processes such as attention, mental effort, working memory, and many others. Currently, there no commonly agreed-upon methodology for conducting cognitive-pupillometry experiments, approaches vary widely between research groups even different experiments from same group. This lack consensus makes it difficult know which factors consider when a experiment. Here we provide comprehensive, hands-on guide methods in pupillometry, with focus on trial-based measure interest task-evoked response stimulus. We cover all methodological aspects pupillometry: experimental design, preprocessing pupil-size data, statistical techniques deal multiple comparisons testing data. In addition, code toolboxes (in Python) analysis, illustrate proposed workflow through an example experiment scripts.

Язык: Английский

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Metacognition and Confidence: A Review and Synthesis

Annual Review of Psychology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 75(1), С. 241 - 268

Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2023

Determining the psychological, computational, and neural bases of confidence uncertainty holds promise for understanding foundational aspects human metacognition. While a neuroscience has focused on mechanisms underpinning subpersonal phenomena such as representations in visual or motor system, metacognition research been concerned with personal-level beliefs knowledge about self-performance. I provide road map bridging this divide by focusing particular class computation: propositional one's own (hypothetical) decisions actions. Propositional is informed observer's models world their cognitive which may be more less accurate—thus explaining why metacognitive judgments are inferential sometimes diverge from task performance. Disparate findings basis performance monitoring integrated into common framework, new locus action interventions developed.

Язык: Английский

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