Cell mechanics: principles, practices, and prospects

WIREs Systems Biology and Medicine, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 6(5), С. 371 - 388

Опубликована: Июль 28, 2014

Cells generate and sustain mechanical forces within their environment as part of normal physiology. They are active materials that can detect stimulation by the activation mechanosensitive signaling pathways, respond to physical cues through cytoskeletal re‐organization force generation. Genetic mutations pathogens disrupt architecture result in changes cell properties such elasticity, adhesiveness, viscosity. On other hand, perturbations affect behavior. These transformations often a hallmark symptom variety pathologies. Consequently, there now myriad experimental techniques theoretical models adapted from soft matter physics engineering characterize properties. Interdisciplinary research combining modern molecular biology with advanced characterization paves way for furthering our fundamental understanding mechanics its role development, physiology, disease. We describe generalized outline measuring including loading protocols, tools, data interpretation. summarize recent advances field explain how biomechanics be adopted physicists, engineers, biologists, clinicians alike. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2014, 6:371–388. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1275 This article is categorized under: Models Systems Properties Processes > Cellular Mechanistic Organ, Tissue, Physiological

Язык: Английский

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Dividing Cells Regulate Their Lipid Composition and Localization

Cell, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 156(3), С. 428 - 439

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2014

Язык: Английский

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Measuring nanoscale viscoelastic parameters of cells directly from AFM force-displacement curves

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Май 2, 2017

Force-displacement (F-Z) curves are the most commonly used Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) mode to measure local, nanoscale elastic properties of soft materials like living cells. Yet a theoretical framework has been lacking that allows post-processing F-Z data extract their viscoelastic constitutive parameters. Here, we propose new method samples cells and hydrogels directly from conventional AFM experiments, thereby creating common platform for analysis cell with arbitrary linear relations. The based on elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle was validated using finite element (FE) simulations by comparison existed techniques hydrogels. also discrimination which relaxation model, example, standard solid (SLS) or power-law rheology (PLR), best suits experimental data. benign cancerous lines (NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, NMuMG epithelial, MDA-MB-231 MCF-7 breast cancer cells). Finally, studied changes in related tumorigenesis including TGF-β induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition Syk expression phenotype

Язык: Английский

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Non-Brownian diffusion in lipid membranes: Experiments and simulations

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 1858(10), С. 2451 - 2467

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2016

The dynamics of constituents and the surface response cellular membranes—also in connection to binding various particles macromolecules membrane—are still a matter controversy membrane biophysics community, particularly with respect crowded membranes living biological cells. We here put into perspective recent single particle tracking experiments plasma cells supercomputing studies lipid bilayer model without protein crowding. Special emphasis is on observation anomalous, non-Brownian diffusion both molecules proteins embedded bilayer. While component, pure bilayers simulations exhibit only transient anomalous nanosecond time scales, persistence becomes significantly longer ranged addition disorder—through cholesterol or proteins—and passing lipids gel phase. Concurrently, demonstrate up macroscopic scales minute range. Particular will be physical character diffusion, particular, occurrence ageing observed experiments—the effective diffusivity measured decreasing function time. Moreover, we present results for dependent local scaling exponent mean squared displacement monitored particles. Recent finding deviations from commonly assumed Gaussian patterns are reported. properties autocorrelation discussed light their appropriate models, non-crowded membranes. In last part this review address upcoming field distortion by elongated membrane-binding discuss how compartmentalisation particle–membrane energy may impact This article Issue entitled: Biosimulations edited Ilpo Vattulainen Tomasz Róg.

Язык: Английский

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A comparison of microfluidic methods for high-throughput cell deformability measurements

Nature Methods, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 17(6), С. 587 - 593

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Measuring viscoelasticity of soft biological samples using atomic force microscopy

Soft Matter, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 16(1), С. 64 - 81

Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2019

Mechanical properties play important roles at different scales in biology. At the level of a single cell, mechanical mediate mechanosensing and mechanotransduction, while tissue organ levels, changes are closely connected to disease physiological processes. Over past three decades, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has become one most widely used tools characterization soft samples, ranging from molecules, cell organoids cells whole tissue. AFM methods can be quantify both elastic viscoelastic properties, significant recent developments latter have been enabled by introduction new techniques models for data analysis. Here, we review developed years examining gels, describe main steps typical acquisition analysis protocols, discuss relevant how these characterize specific features cellular other biological samples. We also trends potential directions this field.

Язык: Английский

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Stress relaxation in epithelial monolayers is controlled by the actomyosin cortex

Nature Physics, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 15(8), С. 839 - 847

Опубликована: Май 13, 2019

Язык: Английский

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From mechanical resilience to active material properties in biopolymer networks

Nature Reviews Physics, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 1(4), С. 249 - 263

Опубликована: Март 18, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Effects ofin vivoconditions on amyloid aggregation

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 48(14), С. 3946 - 3996

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2019

One of the grand challenges biophysical chemistry is to understand principles that govern protein misfolding and aggregation, which a highly complex process sensitive initial conditions, operates on huge range length- timescales, has products from dimers macroscopic amyloid fibrils. Aberrant aggregation associated with more than 25 diseases, include Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, type II diabetes. Amyloid been extensively studied in test tube, therefore under conditions are far physiological relevance. Hence, there dire need extend these investigations vivo where formation affected by myriad biochemical interactions. As hallmark neurodegenerative interactions be understood detail develop novel therapeutic interventions, as millions people globally suffer disorders The aim this review document progress research physicochemical perspective special focus factors influencing amyloid-β peptide, islet polypeptide, α-synuclein, hungingtin protein.

Язык: Английский

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Dynamics of Flexible Fibers in Viscous Flows and Fluids

Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 51(1), С. 539 - 572

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2019

The dynamics and deformations of immersed flexible fibers are at the heart important industrial biological processes, induce peculiar mechanical transport properties in fluids that contain them, basis for novel methods flow control. Here we focus on low Reynolds number regime where advances studying these fiber-fluid systems have been especially rapid. On experimental side this is due to new fiber synthesis, microfluidic control, microscope based tracking measurement techniques. Likewise, there continuous improvements specialized mathematical modeling numerical needed capture interactions slender with flows, boundaries, each other.

Язык: Английский

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