The Lancet Neurology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 19(2), С. 179 - 194
Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2019
Язык: Английский
Cell, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 165(6), С. 1332 - 1345
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2016
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4978
Physiological Reviews, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 99(4), С. 1877 - 2013
Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2019
The importance of the gut-brain axis in maintaining homeostasis has long been appreciated. However, past 15 yr have seen emergence microbiota (the trillions microorganisms within and on our bodies) as one key regulators function led to appreciation a distinct microbiota-gut-brain axis. This is gaining ever more traction fields investigating biological physiological basis psychiatric, neurodevelopmental, age-related, neurodegenerative disorders. brain communicate with each other via various routes including immune system, tryptophan metabolism, vagus nerve enteric nervous involving microbial metabolites such short-chain fatty acids, branched chain amino peptidoglycans. Many factors can influence composition early life, infection, mode birth delivery, use antibiotic medications, nature nutritional provision, environmental stressors, host genetics. At extreme diversity diminishes aging. Stress, particular, significantly impact at all stages life. Much recent work implicated gut many conditions autism, anxiety, obesity, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease. Animal models paramount linking regulation fundamental neural processes, neurogenesis myelination, microbiome activation microglia. Moreover, translational human studies are ongoing will greatly enhance field. Future focus understanding mechanisms underlying attempt elucidate microbial-based intervention therapeutic strategies for neuropsychiatric
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3415
Cell, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 167(6), С. 1469 - 1480.e12
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2016
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2936
Cell Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 30(6), С. 492 - 506
Опубликована: Май 20, 2020
Abstract The interplay between the commensal microbiota and mammalian immune system development function includes multifold interactions in homeostasis disease. microbiome plays critical roles training of major components host’s innate adaptive system, while orchestrates maintenance key features host-microbe symbiosis. In a genetically susceptible host, imbalances microbiota-immunity under defined environmental contexts are believed to contribute pathogenesis multitude immune-mediated disorders. Here, we review microbiome-immunity crosstalk their health disease, providing examples molecular mechanisms orchestrating these intestine extra-intestinal organs. We highlight aspects current knowledge, challenges limitations achieving causal understanding host immune-microbiome interactions, as well impact on diseases, discuss how insights may translate towards future microbiome-targeted therapeutic interventions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2755
Nature reviews. Immunology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 16(6), С. 341 - 352
Опубликована: Май 27, 2016
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2685
Cell, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 179(2), С. 312 - 339
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2019
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2345
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 16(8), С. 461 - 478
Опубликована: Май 23, 2019
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2188
Annual Review of Immunology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 35(1), С. 441 - 468
Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2017
Microglia are resident cells of the brain that regulate development, maintenance neuronal networks, and injury repair. serve as macrophages but distinct from other tissue owing to their unique homeostatic phenotype tight regulation by central nervous system (CNS) microenvironment. They responsible for elimination microbes, dead cells, redundant synapses, protein aggregates, particulate soluble antigens may endanger CNS. Furthermore, primary source proinflammatory cytokines, microglia pivotal mediators neuroinflammation can induce or modulate a broad spectrum cellular responses. Alterations in functionality implicated development aging, well neurodegeneration. Recent observations about ontogeny combined with extensive gene expression profiling novel tools study biology have allowed us characterize microglial phenotypes during homeostasis, disease. In this article, we review recent advances our understanding microglia, contribution involvement Moreover, highlight complexity targeting therapeutic intervention neurodegenerative diseases.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2059
Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2020
A substantial body of evidence supports that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in regulation metabolic, endocrine and immune functions. In recent years, there has been growing recognition involvement modulation multiple neurochemical pathways through highly interconnected gut-brain axis. Although amazing scientific breakthroughs over last few years have expanded our knowledge on communication between microbes their hosts, underpinnings microbiota-gut-brain crosstalk remain to be determined. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), main metabolites produced colon by bacterial fermentation dietary fibers resistant starch, are speculated play key neuro-immunoendocrine regulation. However, underlying mechanisms which SCFAs might influence brain physiology behavior not fully elucidated. this review, we will outline current about interactions. We also highlight how development future treatments for central nervous system (CNS) disorders can take advantage intimate mutual interactions with exploring function.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1942
Nature, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 535(7610), С. 65 - 74
Опубликована: Июль 5, 2016
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1751