Molecular Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
24(11), С. 1583 - 1598
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2019
Machine
and
deep
learning
methods,
today's
core
of
artificial
intelligence,
have
been
applied
with
increasing
success
impact
in
many
commercial
research
settings.
They
are
powerful
tools
for
large
scale
data
analysis,
prediction
classification,
especially
very
data-rich
environments
("big
data"),
started
to
find
their
way
into
medical
applications.
Here
we
will
first
give
an
overview
machine
a
focus
on
recurrent
neural
networks,
relation
statistics,
the
principles
behind
them.
We
then
discuss
review
directions
along
which
(deep)
networks
can
be,
or
already
been,
context
psychiatry,
try
delineate
future
potential
this
area.
also
comment
emerging
area
that
so
far
has
much
less
well
explored:
by
embedding
semantically
interpretable
computational
models
brain
dynamics
behavior
statistical
context,
insights
dysfunction
beyond
mere
classification
may
be
gained.
Especially
marriage
inference
offer
behavioral
mechanisms
could
open
completely
novel
avenues
psychiatric
treatment.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
371(1708), С. 20160007 - 20160007
Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2016
We
review
a
recent
shift
in
conceptions
of
interoception
and
its
relationship
to
hierarchical
inference
the
brain.
The
notion
interoceptive
means
that
bodily
states
are
regulated
by
autonomic
reflexes
enslaved
descending
predictions
from
deep
generative
models
our
internal
external
milieu.
This
re-conceptualization
illuminates
several
issues
cognitive
clinical
neuroscience
with
implications
for
experiences
selfhood
emotion.
first
contextualize
terms
active
(Bayesian)
brain,
highlighting
enactivist
(embodied)
aspects.
then
consider
key
role
uncertainty
or
precision
how
this
might
translate
into
neuromodulation.
next
examine
understanding
functional
anatomy
emotional
surveying
observations
on
agranular
cortex.
Finally,
we
turn
theoretical
issues,
namely,
shaping
sense
embodied
self
feelings.
will
draw
links
between
physiological
homoeostasis
allostasis,
early
cybernetic
ideas
predictive
control
processing.
explanatory
scope
ranges
explanations
autism
depression,
through
consciousness.
offer
brief
survey
these
exciting
developments.
article
is
part
themed
issue
‘Interoception
beyond
homeostasis:
affect,
cognition
mental
health’.
Biological Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
84(9), С. 634 - 643
Опубликована: Май 25, 2018
Fueled
by
developments
in
computational
neuroscience,
there
has
been
increasing
interest
the
underlying
neurocomputational
mechanisms
of
psychosis.
One
successful
approach
involves
predictive
coding
and
Bayesian
inference.
Here,
inferences
regarding
current
state
world
are
made
combining
prior
beliefs
with
incoming
sensory
signals.
Mismatches
between
signals
constitute
prediction
errors
that
drive
new
learning.
Psychosis
suggested
to
result
from
a
decreased
precision
encoding
relative
data,
thereby
garnering
maladaptive
inferences.
we
review
evidence
for
aberrant
discuss
challenges
this
canonical
account
For
example,
hallucinations
delusions
may
relate
distinct
alterations
coding,
despite
their
common
co-occurrence.
More
broadly,
some
studies
implicate
weakened
psychosis,
others
find
stronger
priors.
These
might
be
answered
more
nuanced
view
coding.
Different
priors
specified
different
modalities
integration,
deficits
each
modality
need
not
uniform.
Furthermore,
hierarchical
organization
critical.
Altered
processes
at
lower
levels
hierarchy
linearly
related
higher
(and
vice
versa).
Finally,
theories
do
highlight
active
inference—the
process
through
which
effects
our
actions
on
sensations
anticipated
minimized.
It
is
possible
conflicting
findings
reconciled
considering
these
complexities,
portending
framework
psychosis
equipped
deal
its
many
manifestations.
Psychological Medicine,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
50(3), С. 353 - 366
Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2019
Abstract
The
network
approach
to
psychopathology
posits
that
mental
disorders
can
be
conceptualized
and
studied
as
causal
systems
of
mutually
reinforcing
symptoms.
This
approach,
first
posited
in
2008,
has
grown
substantially
over
the
past
decade
is
now
a
full-fledged
area
psychiatric
research.
In
this
article,
we
provide
an
overview
critical
analysis
363
articles
produced
research
program,
with
focus
on
key
theoretical,
methodological,
empirical
contributions.
addition,
turn
our
attention
next
propose
avenues
for
future
each
these
domains.
We
argue
program
will
best
served
by
working
toward
two
overarching
aims:
(a)
identification
robust
phenomena
(b)
development
formal
theories
explain
those
phenomena.
recommend
specific
steps
forward
within
broad
framework
are
necessary
if
develop
into
progressive
capable
producing
cumulative
body
knowledge
about
how
operate
systems.
Nature reviews. Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
22(3), С. 167 - 179
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2021
Cognitive
and
behavioural
flexibility
permit
the
appropriate
adjustment
of
thoughts
behaviours
in
response
to
changing
environmental
demands.
Brain
mechanisms
enabling
have
been
examined
using
non-invasive
neuroimaging
approaches
humans
alongside
pharmacological
lesion
studies
animals.
This
work
has
identified
large-scale
functional
brain
networks
encompassing
lateral
orbital
frontoparietal,
midcingulo-insular
frontostriatal
regions
that
support
across
lifespan.
Flexibility
can
be
compromised
early-life
neurodevelopmental
disorders,
clinical
conditions
emerge
during
adolescence
late-life
dementias.
We
critically
evaluate
evidence
for
enhancement
through
cognitive
training,
physical
activity
bilingual
experience.
is
critical
optimal
adaptation
actions
under
circumstances.
In
this
Review,
Uddin
summarizes
research
processes
neural
systems
supporting
discusses
ways
improve
