Epidemiology of Adult DSM-5 Major Depressive Disorder and Its Specifiers in the United States

JAMA Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 75(4), С. 336 - 336

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2018

No US national data are available on the prevalence and correlates of DSM-5-defined major depressive disorder (MDD) or MDD specifiers as defined in DSM-5.To present current nationally representative findings prevalence, correlates, psychiatric comorbidity, functioning, treatment DSM-5 initial information severity, anxious/distressed specifier, mixed-features well cases that would have been characterized bereavement DSM-IV.In-person interviews with a sample noninstitutionalized civilian adults (≥18 years) (n = 36 309) who participated 2012-2013 National Epidemiologic Survey Alcohol Related Conditions III (NESARC-III). Data were collected from April 2012 to June 2013 analyzed 2016-2017.Prevalence specifiers. Odds ratios (ORs), adjusted ORs (aORs), 95% CIs indicated associations demographic characteristics other disorders.Of 309 adult participants NESARC-III, 12-month lifetime prevalences 10.4% 20.6%, respectively. significantly lower men (OR, 0.5; CI, 0.46-0.55) African American 0.6; 0.54-0.68), Asian/Pacific Islander 0.45-0.67), Hispanic 0.7; 0.62-0.78) than white higher younger (age range, 18-29 years; OR, 3.0; 2.48-3.55) those low incomes ($19 999 less; 1.7; 1.49-2.04). Associations disorders ranged an aOR 2.1 (95% 1.84-2.35) for specific phobia 5.7 4.98-6.50) generalized anxiety disorder. substance use 1.8 1.63-2.01) alcohol 3.0 2.57-3.55) any drug. Most moderate (39.7%) severe (49.5%). Almost 70% had some type treatment. Functioning among was approximately 1 SD below mean. Among 12.9% MDD, all episodes occurred just after death someone close lasted less 2 months. The specifier 74.6% cases, 15.5%. Controlling both associated early onset, poor course suicidality.Among adults, is highly prevalent, comorbid, disabling. While most received treatment, substantial minority did not. Much remains be learned about general population.

Язык: Английский

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Epidemiology of lung cancer

Współczesna Onkologia, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 25(1), С. 45 - 52

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Chaitanya Thandra K, Barsouk A, Saginala Sukumar Aluru J, A. Epidemiology of lung cancer. Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia. 2021;25(1):45-52. doi:10.5114/wo.2021.103829. APA Thandra, K., Barsouk, A., Saginala, Aluru, J., & (2021). Onkologia, 25(1), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2021.103829 Chicago Krishna, Adam Kalyan John and Alexander Barsouk. 2021. "Epidemiology cancer". Onkologia 25 (1): Harvard pp.45-52. MLA Krishna et al. cancer." vol. 25, no. 1, 2021, pp. Vancouver

Язык: Английский

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Cannabis use and cannabis use disorder

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Cannabinoids and Pain: New Insights From Old Molecules

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2018

Cannabis has been used for medicinal purposes thousands of years. The prohibition cannabis in the middle 20th century arrested research. In recent years there is a growing debate about use medical purposes. term 'medical cannabis' refers to physician-recommended herb and its components, called cannabinoids, treat disease or improve symptoms. Chronic pain most commonly cited reason using cannabis. Cannabinoids act via cannabinoid receptors, but they also affect activities many other ion channels enzymes. Preclinical studies animals both pharmacological genetic approaches have increased our understanding mechanisms cannabinoid-induced analgesia provided therapeutical strategies treating humans. analgesic effect cannabinoids include inhibition release neurotransmitters neuropeptides from presynaptic nerve endings, modulation postsynaptic neuron excitability, activation descending inhibitory pathways, reduction neural inflammation. Recent meta-analyses clinical trials that examined chronic present moderate amount evidence cannabis/cannabinoids exhibit activity, especially neuropathic pain. main limitations these are short treatment duration, small numbers patients, heterogeneous patient populations, examination different doses, efficacy endpoints, as well modest observable effects. Adverse effects short-term generally mild moderate, tolerated transient. Considering serious health problems arise recreational cannabis, it necessary collect more information on safety long-term Larger well-designed longer duration mandatory determine provide definitive answers physicians patients regarding risk benefits Due limited adverse events, should be reserved refractory cases with monitoring

Язык: Английский

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Public health implications of legalising the production and sale of cannabis for medicinal and recreational use

The Lancet, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 394(10208), С. 1580 - 1590

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Associations Between Prenatal Cannabis Exposure and Childhood Outcomes

JAMA Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 78(1), С. 64 - 64

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2020

In light of increasing cannabis use among pregnant women, the US Surgeon General recently issued an advisory against marijuana during pregnancy.To evaluate whether pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes offspring.In this cross-sectional study, data were obtained from baseline session ongoing longitudinal Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study, which recruited 11 875 children aged 9 to years, as well a parent or caregiver, 22 sites across United States between June 1, 2016, October 15, 2018.Prenatal exposure prior after maternal knowledge pregnancy.Symptoms psychopathology in (ie, psychotic-like experiences [PLEs] internalizing, externalizing, attention, thought, social problems), cognition, sleep, birth weight, gestational age at birth, body mass index, brain structure total intracranial volume, white matter gray volume). Covariates included familial (eg, income psychopathology), prenatal alcohol tobacco), child substance use) variables.Among 489 (5997 boys [52.2%]; mean [SD] age, 9.9 [0.6] years) nonmissing data, 655 (5.7%) exposed prenatally. Relative no exposure, only before (413 [3.6%]) (242 [2.1%]) greater offspring characteristics PLEs thought and, sleep problems, lower cognition volume (all |β| > 0.02; all false discovery rate [FDR]-corrected P < .03). Only was weight volumes relative FDR-corrected .04). When including potentially confounding covariates, remained problems β .02). Exposure did not differ on any when considering variables .70).This study suggests that its correlated factors are risk for middle childhood. Cannabis should be discouraged.

Язык: Английский

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What is the prevalence and risk of cannabis use disorders among people who use cannabis? a systematic review and meta-analysis

Addictive Behaviors, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 109, С. 106479 - 106479

Опубликована: Май 20, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Medical use of cannabis and cannabinoids containing products – Regulations in Europe and North America

European Journal of Internal Medicine, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 49, С. 2 - 6

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Cannabis Addiction and the Brain: a Review

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 13(4), С. 438 - 452

Опубликована: Март 19, 2018

Cannabis is the most commonly used substance of abuse in United States after alcohol and tobacco. With a recent increase rates cannabis use disorder (CUD) decrease perceived risk use, it imperative to assess addictive potential cannabis. Here we evaluate through neurobiological model addiction proposed by Koob Volkow. The proposes that repeated drives changes brain can be separated into three distinct stages, each which perpetuates cycle addiction. review previous research on acute long-term effects behavior, find three-stage framework applies CUD manner similar other drugs abuse, albeit with some slight differences. These findings highlight urgent need conduct elucidates specific associated humans.

Язык: Английский

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Time trends in US cannabis use and cannabis use disorders overall and by sociodemographic subgroups: a narrative review and new findings

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 45(6), С. 623 - 643

Опубликована: Март 14, 2019

Background: Due to significant comorbidity and impairment associated with cannabis use disorder, understanding time trends in disorder is an important public health priority.Objectives: To identify overall, by sociodemographic subgroup.Methods: Narrative review of published findings on disorders data from repeated cross-sectional US general population surveys. In addition, National Epidemiologic Survey Alcohol Related Conditions (NESARC; 2002–2002) NESARC-III (2012–2013) data, logistic regression was used examine whether differed between subgroups adults.Results: The showed that adults, increased over the past decade overall within (gender, age, race/ethnicity, income, education, marital status, urbanicity, region, pregnancy disability status), greater increases men disabled adults. Most sources also indicated disorders. New analysis significantly adult (p ≤ .0001); young adults < .05); Blacks (vs. Whites, p .01); low income groups .001); never-married .0001), urban residents .05). adolescents, generally decreased, although recent were observed older non-White adolescents.Conclusion: Cannabis are increasing specific at higher risk, may be some adolescent subgroups. Studies should determine mechanisms for differential provide information policymakers enable informed decisions legalization service planning.

Язык: Английский

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