Obesity-Induced Hypertension

Circulation Research, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 116(6), С. 991 - 1006

Опубликована: Март 12, 2015

Excess weight gain, especially when associated with increased visceral adiposity, is a major cause of hypertension, accounting for 65% to 75% the risk human primary (essential) hypertension. Increased renal tubular sodium reabsorption impairs pressure natriuresis and plays an important role in initiating obesity The mediators abnormal kidney function blood during development hypertension include (1) physical compression kidneys by fat around kidneys, (2) activation renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, (3) sympathetic nervous system activity. Activation likely due, part, compression, as well activation. However, also causes mineralocorticoid receptor independent aldosterone or angiotensin II. mechanisms have not been fully elucidated but may require leptin brain melanocortin system. With prolonged target organ injury, obesity-associated becomes more difficult control, often requiring multiple antihypertensive drugs treatment other factors, including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance diabetes mellitus, inflammation. Unless effective antiobesity are developed, effect on related cardiovascular, metabolic disorders become even future prevalence continues increase.

Язык: Английский

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Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 12(3), С. 144 - 153

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Obesity, kidney dysfunction and hypertension: mechanistic links

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 15(6), С. 367 - 385

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Prevention and Control of Hypertension

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 72(11), С. 1278 - 1293

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Exercise to Improve Cardiovascular Health

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 6

Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2019

Obesity is a complex disease that affects whole body metabolism and associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CVD) Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Physical exercise results in numerous health benefits important tool to combat obesity its co-morbidities, including disease. Exercise prevents both the onset development therapeutic improve outcomes for patients Some include enhanced mitochondrial function, restoration improvement vasculature, release myokines from skeletal muscle preserve or augment function. In this review we will discuss mechanisms through which promotes health.

Язык: Английский

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Discrepant gut microbiota markers for the classification of obesity-related metabolic abnormalities

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2019

Abstract The gut microbiota (GM) is related to obesity and other metabolic diseases. To detect GM markers for in patients with different abnormalities investigate their relationships clinical indicators, 1,914 Chinese adults were enrolled 16S rRNA gene sequencing this retrospective study. Based on composition, Random forest classifiers constructed screen the (Group OA) or without diseases O) from healthy individuals H), high accuracies observed discrimination of Group O OA (areas under receiver operating curve (AUC) equal 0.68 0.76, respectively). Furthermore, six shared by various disorders ( Bacteroides , Parabacteroides Blautia Alistipes Romboutsia Roseburia ). As O, exhibited low accuracy (AUC = 0.57). Nonetheless, classifications distinguish between obese specific not accurate values 0.59 0.66). Common biomarkers identified uric acid, serum lipids blood pressure, such as Clostridium XIVa, . A total 20 genera associated multiple significant indicators. For example, Ruminococcus2 sensu stricto Dorea positively correlated indicators bodyweight (including waistline body mass index) density lipoprotein, triglyceride cholesterol). In contrast, aforementioned negatively Butyricicoccus Alistipes, Parasutterella IV Generally, these hold potential predict obesity-related abnormalities, interventions based might be beneficial weight loss risk improvement.

Язык: Английский

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Chemoproteomics reveals baicalin activates hepatic CPT1 to ameliorate diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 115(26)

Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2018

Significance Baicalin is a major flavonoid component from the herbal medicine Scutellaria baicalensis that has been shown to have an antisteatosis effect. Through quantitative chemoproteomic profiling, we discovered baicalin acts as natural allosteric activator of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), rate-limiting enzyme fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO). By directly binding CPT1 and activating its activity accelerate degradation, can significantly ameliorate symptoms associated with hepatic steatosis reduce diet-induced obesity (DIO). Our study provides example product agonist for CPT1. The results provide mechanistic insights explain bioactivity in reducing lipid accumulation introduce exciting opportunities developing novel flavonoid-based FAO activators pharmacologically treating DIO metabolic disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Role of Hyperinsulinemia and Insulin Resistance in Hypertension: Metabolic Syndrome Revisited

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 36(5), С. 671 - 682

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2020

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Obesity, Adipose Tissue and Vascular Dysfunction

Circulation Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 128(7), С. 951 - 968

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2021

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Overweight and obesity strongly associated with comorbidities such as hypertension insulin resistance, which collectively contribute to development cardiovascular resultant morbidity mortality. Forty-two percent adults in United States obese, a total 1.9 billion worldwide overweight or obese. These alarming numbers, continue climb, represent major health economic burden. Adipose tissue is highly dynamic organ that can be classified based on cellular composition different depots their distinct anatomical localization. Massive expansion remodeling adipose during differentially affects specific significantly contributes vascular dysfunction diseases. Visceral accumulation results increased immune cell infiltration secretion vasoconstrictor mediators, whereas subcutaneous less harmful. Therefore, fat distribution more than overall body weight key determinant risk for Thermogenic brown beige tissue, contrast white beneficial effects vasculature. The relationship between type its influence function becomes particularly evident context heterogenous phenotype perivascular location dependent. In this review, we address abnormal how critically hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, stiffness. We also discuss local systemic roles derived secreted factors inflammation highlight detrimental impact health.

Язык: Английский

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Obesity cardiomyopathy: evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications

Physiological Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 101(4), С. 1745 - 1807

Опубликована: Май 5, 2021

The prevalence of heart failure is on the rise and imposes a major health threat, in part, due to rapidly increased overweight obesity. To this point, epidemiological, clinical, experimental evidence supports existence unique disease entity termed "obesity cardiomyopathy," which develops independent hypertension, coronary disease, other diseases. Our contemporary review evaluates for pathological condition, examines putative responsible mechanisms, discusses therapeutic options disorder. Clinical findings have consolidated presence left ventricular dysfunction Experimental investigations uncovered pathophysiological changes myocardial structure function genetically predisposed diet-induced Indeed, consolidates wide array cellular molecular mechanisms underlying etiology obesity cardiomyopathy including adipose tissue dysfunction, systemic inflammation, metabolic disturbances (insulin resistance, abnormal glucose transport, spillover free fatty acids, lipotoxicity, amino acid derangement), altered intracellular especially mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis, oxidative stress, autophagy/mitophagy defect, fibrosis, dampened flow reserve, microvascular (microangiopathy), endothelial impairment. Given important role risk failure, that with preserved systolic recent rises COVID-19-associated cardiovascular mortality, should provide compelling cardiomyopathy, various comorbid conditions, offer new insights into potential approaches (pharmacological lifestyle modification) clinical management cardiomyopathy.

Язык: Английский

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