The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 47(1), С. 72 - 89

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2021

Concepts of cognitive control (CC) and executive function (EF) are defined in terms their relationships with goal-directed behavior versus habits controlled automatic processing, related to the functions prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions networks. A psychometric approach shows unity diversity CC constructs, 3 components most commonly studied constructs: general or common specific mental set shifting working memory updating. These constructs considered against cellular systems neurobiology PFC what is known its functional neuroanatomical network organization based on lesioning, neurochemical, neuroimaging approaches across species. also context motivation, as "cool" "hot" forms. Its Common component shown be distinct from intelligence (g) closely response inhibition. Impairments possible causes psychiatric symptoms consequences disorders. The factor psychopathology (p) dimensional such impulsivity large scale developmental adult populations considered, well implications for genetic studies RDoC classification.

Язык: Английский

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Opioid receptors: drivers to addiction?

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 19(8), С. 499 - 514

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Food-Related Impulsivity in Obesity and Binge Eating Disorder—A Systematic Update of the Evidence

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 9(11), С. 1170 - 1170

Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2017

The specific eating pattern of Binge Eating Disorder (BED) patients has provoked the assumption that BED might represent a phenotype within obesity spectrum is characterized by increased impulsivity. Following guidelines PRISMA statement (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses), we here provide update on evidence food-related impulsivity in obese individuals, with without BED, as well normal-weight individuals. We separately analyzed potential group differences components reward sensitivity rash-spontaneous behavior. Our search resulted twenty experimental studies high methodological quality. synthesis latest consolidates conclusions drawn our initial review represents distinct Rash-spontaneous behavior general, specifically towards food, while food-specific also individuals but potentially to lesser degree. A major next step research entails investigation sub-domains temporal inhibitory control obesity. Based impaired affected profit from interventions address impulsive

Язык: Английский

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Somatosensory-Motor Dysconnectivity Spans Multiple Transdiagnostic Dimensions of Psychopathology

Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 86(10), С. 779 - 791

Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2019

BackgroundThere is considerable interest in a dimensional transdiagnostic approach to psychiatry. Most studies have derived factors based only on clinical symptoms, which might miss possible links between psychopathology, cognitive processes, and personality traits. Furthermore, many psychiatric focus higher-order association brain networks, thereby neglecting the potential influence of huge swaths brain.MethodsA multivariate data-driven (partial least squares) was used identify latent components linking large set clinical, cognitive, measures whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity patterns across 224 participants. The participants were either healthy (n = 110) or diagnosed with bipolar disorder 40), attention-deficit/hyperactivity 37), schizophrenia 29), schizoaffective 8). In contrast traditional case-control analyses, diagnostic categories not partial squares analysis but helpful for interpreting components.ResultsOur analyses revealed three corresponding general dysfunction, impulsivity. Each component associated unique signature shared all robust multiple control replicated using independent task magnetic resonance imaging data from same Strikingly, featured alterations within somatosensory-motor network its subcortical structures cortical executive networks.ConclusionsWe identified distinct dimensions dissociable (but overlapping) signatures individuals illness, providing intermediate phenotypes that span categories. Our results suggest expanding neuroscience beyond networks.

Язык: Английский

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Impulsivity in Gambling Disorder and problem gambling: a meta-analysis

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 44(8), С. 1354 - 1361

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2019

Gambling Disorder is a prevalent psychiatric condition often linked to dysfunction of cognitive domains regulating impulsive behavior. Despite the centrality impulsivity neurobiological models Disorder, comprehensive meta-analysis all has yet be conducted. It also not clear whether deficits in extend those with problem (at-risk) gambling. A systematic review was undertaken case-control studies examining following or at-risk (problem) gambling: attentional inhibition, motor discounting, decision-making, and reflection impulsivity. Case-control differences cognition were identified using (random-effects modeling). Moderation analysis explored potential influences age, gender, presence/absence comorbidities cases, geographical region, study quality on performance. associated significant impairments (g = 0.39-0.48) 0.55) discounting 0.66), decision-making 0.63) tasks. For gambling, only had sufficient data for meta-analysis, yielding impairment versus controls 0.66); however, relatively low. Insufficient available There evidence publication bias domain, after an outlier excluded. Study overall reasonable (mean score 71.9% maximum), but most (~85%) did screen comorbid impulse control related disorders. This indicates heightened across range Disorder. Decision-making may further are needed confirm such candidate vulnerability markers.

Язык: Английский

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A Systematic Meta-Review of Impulsivity and Compulsivity in Addictive Behaviors

Neuropsychology Review, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 29(1), С. 14 - 26

Опубликована: Март 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Rejecting impulsivity as a psychological construct: A theoretical, empirical, and sociocultural argument.

Psychological Review, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 128(2), С. 336 - 361

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2020

We demonstrate through theoretical, empirical, and sociocultural evidence that the concept of impulsivity fails basic requirements a psychological construct should be rejected as such. Impulsivity (or impulsiveness) currently holds central place in theory, research, clinical practice is considered multifaceted concept. However, falls short theoretical specifications for hypothetical constructs by having meaning not compatible with psychometric, neuroscience, data. Psychometric findings indicate impulsive traits behaviors (e.g., response inhibition, delay discounting) are largely uncorrelated fail to load onto single, superordinate latent variable. Modern neuroscience has also failed identify specific neurobehavioral mechanism underlying instead found separate neurochemical systems loci contribute variety types. Clinically, these different types show diverging distinct pathways processes relating behavioral psychosocial health. The predictive validity sensitivity measures pharmacological, behavioral, cognitive interventions vary based on type evaluated condition examined. Conflation personality mechanisms under single umbrella ultimately increases likelihood misunderstanding at level facilitates misled hypothesizing artificial inconsistencies translation. strongly recommend that, this comprehensive evidence, scientists neuroscientists reject language favor focus several well-defined empirically supported factors purported cover. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Язык: Английский

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Impulsivity in the self-harm and suicidal behavior of young people: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Psychiatric Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 116, С. 51 - 60

Опубликована: Май 17, 2019

Язык: Английский

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The physiological control of eating: signals, neurons, and networks

Physiological Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 102(2), С. 689 - 813

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2021

During the past 30 yr, investigating physiology of eating behaviors has generated a truly vast literature. This is fueled in part by dramatic increase obesity and its comorbidities that coincided with an ever increasing sophistication genetically based manipulations. These techniques have produced results remarkable degree cell specificity, particularly at signaling level, played lead role advancing field. However, putting these findings into brain-wide context connects physiological signals neurons to behavior somatic requires thorough consideration neuronal connections: field also seen extraordinary technological revolution. Our goal present comprehensive balanced assessment how associated energy homeostasis interact many brain levels control behaviors. A major theme engage sets interacting neural networks throughout are defined specific connections. We begin discussing some fundamental concepts, including ones still engender vigorous debate, provide necessary frameworks for understanding controls meal initiation termination. include key word definitions, ATP availability as pivotal regulated variable homeostasis, neuropeptide signaling, homeostatic hedonic eating, structure. Within this context, we discuss network models regions endbrain (or telencephalon), hypothalamus, hindbrain, medulla, vagus nerve, spinal cord work together gastrointestinal tract enable complex motor events permit animals eat diverse situations.

Язык: Английский

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Genome-wide association studies of impulsive personality traits (BIS-11 and UPPSP) and drug experimentation in up to 22,861 adult research participants identify loci in the CACNA1I and CADM2 genes

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2019, Номер unknown, С. 2662 - 18

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2019

Impulsive personality traits are complex heritable that governed by frontal-subcortical circuits and associated with numerous neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly drug abuse attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In collaboration the genetics company 23andMe, we performed 10 genome-wide association studies on measures of impulsive [the short version UPPS-P Behavior Scale, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11)] experimentation (the number classes an individual had tried in their lifetime) up to 22,861 male female adult human research participants European ancestry. showed single nucleotide polymorphism heritabilities ranged from 5 11%. Genetic variants CADM2 locus were significantly Sensation Seeking (p = 8.3 × 10-9, rs139528938) a suggestive Drug Experimentation 3.0 10-7, rs2163971; r2 0.68 rs139528938). Furthermore, genetic CACNA1I Negative Urgency 3.8 10-8; rs199694726). The role these genes was supported variant, gene- transcriptome-based analyses. Multiple subscales both BIS strong correlations (>0.5) other substance use measured independent cohorts, including smoking initiation, lifetime cannabis use. Several genetically correlated ADHD (rg 0.30-0.51), supporting validity as endophenotypes. Our findings demonstrate for common contributions differences impulsivity. our study is first provide dissection relationship between different types various psychiatric disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT (IPTs) disorders. We have IPTs identify regions account this variation. modestly (5-11%). identified polymorphisms sensation seeking experimentation; negative urgency. This provides evidence impulsivity can be separated into distinct components. IPT ADHD, suggesting endophenotype contributing conditions.

Язык: Английский

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