Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Июль 7, 2022
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
is
a
devastating
psychiatric
which
exacts
enormous
personal
and
social-economic
burdens.
Ketamine,
an
N
-methyl-D-aspartate
receptor
(NMDAR)
antagonist,
has
been
discovered
to
exert
rapid
sustained
antidepressant-like
actions
on
MDD
patients
animal
models.
However,
the
dissociation
psychotomimetic
propensities
of
ketamine
have
limited
its
use
for
indications.
Here,
we
review
recently
proposed
mechanistic
hypotheses
regarding
how
exerts
actions.
Ketamine
may
potentiate
α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic
acid
(AMPAR)-mediated
transmission
in
pyramidal
neurons
by
disinhibition
and/or
blockade
spontaneous
NMDAR-mediated
neurotransmission.
also
activate
neuroplasticity-
synaptogenesis-relevant
signaling
pathways,
converge
key
components
like
brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor
(BDNF)/tropomyosin
kinase
B
(TrkB)
target
rapamycin
(mTOR).
These
processes
subsequently
rebalance
excitatory/inhibitory
restore
neural
network
integrity
that
compromised
depression.
Understanding
mechanisms
underpinning
ketamine’s
at
cellular
circuit
level
will
drive
development
safe
effective
pharmacological
interventions
treatment
MDD.
Brain Research Bulletin,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
182, С. 44 - 56
Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2022
Depression
is
the
most
common
mental
disorder
and
a
leading
cause
of
disability
worldwide.
Despite
abundant
research,
precise
mechanisms
underlying
pathophysiology
depression
remain
elusive.
Accumulating
evidence
from
preclinical
clinical
studies
suggests
that
alterations
in
gut
microbiota,
microbe-derived
short-chain
fatty
acids,
D-amino
acids
metabolites
play
key
role
via
brain–gut–microbiota
axis,
including
neural
immune
systems.
Notably,
axis
might
crucial
susceptibility
versus
resilience
rodents
exposed
to
stress.
Vagotomy
reported
block
depression-like
phenotypes
after
fecal
microbiota
transplantation
"depression-related"
microbiome,
suggesting
vagus
nerve
influences
through
axis.
In
this
article,
we
review
recent
findings
regarding
discuss
its
potential
as
therapeutic
target
for
depression.
Molecular Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
27(3), С. 1618 - 1629
Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2021
Abstract
(
R,S
)-ketamine
elicits
rapid-acting
and
sustained
antidepressant
actions
in
treatment-resistant
patients
with
depression.
R
produces
longer-lasting
effects
than
S
rodents;
however,
the
precise
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
of
remain
unknown.
Using
isobaric
Tag
for
Relative
Absolute
Quantification,
we
identified
nuclear
receptor-binding
protein
1
(NRBP1)
that
could
contribute
to
different
antidepressant-like
two
enantiomers
chronic
social
defeat
stress
(CSDS)
model.
NRBP1
was
localized
microglia
neuron,
not
astrocyte,
mouse
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC).
increased
expression
NRBP1,
brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor
(BDNF),
phosphorylated
cAMP
response
element
binding
(p-CREB)/CREB
ratio
primary
cultures
thorough
extracellular
signal-regulated
kinase
(ERK)
activation.
Furthermore,
activate
BDNF
transcription
through
activation
CREB
as
well
MeCP2
(methyl-CpG
2)
suppression
microglia.
Single
intracerebroventricular
(i.c.v.)
injection
CREB-DNA/RNA
heteroduplex
oligonucleotides
(CREB-HDO)
or
exon
IV-HDO
blocked
CSDS
susceptible
mice.
Moreover,
microglial
depletion
by
colony-stimulating
receptor
(CSF1R)
inhibitor
PLX3397
In
addition,
inhibition
single
i.c.v.
mannosylated
clodronate
liposomes
(MCLs)
significantly
Finally,
CREB-HDO,
MCLs
beneficial
on
reduced
dendritic
spine
density
mPFC
These
data
suggest
a
novel
ERK-NRBP1-CREB-BDNF
pathways
)-ketamine.
Discover Mental Health,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
2(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2022
Abstract
This
manuscript
reviews
the
clinical
evidence
regarding
single-dose
intravenous
(IV)
administration
of
novel
glutamatergic
modulator
racemic
(
R,S
)-ketamine
(hereafter
referred
to
as
ketamine)
well
its
S
-enantiomer,
intranasal
esketamine,
for
treatment
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD).
Initial
studies
found
that
a
single
subanesthetic-dose
IV
ketamine
infusion
rapidly
(within
one
day)
improved
symptoms
in
individuals
with
MDD
and
bipolar
depression,
antidepressant
effects
lasting
three
seven
days.
In
2019,
esketamine
received
FDA
approval
an
adjunctive
treatment-resistant
depression
(TRD)
adults.
Esketamine
was
approved
under
risk
evaluation
mitigation
strategy
(REMS)
requires
medical
supervision.
Both
are
currently
viable
options
TRD
offer
possibility
rapid
symptom
improvement.
The
also
ketamine’s
use
other
psychiatric
diagnoses—including
suicidality,
obsessive–compulsive
disorder,
post-traumatic
stress
substance
abuse,
social
anxiety
disorder—and
potential
adverse
effects.
Despite
limited
data,
side
antidepressant-dose
ketamine—including
dissociative
symptoms,
hypertension,
confusion/agitation—appear
be
tolerable
around
time
treatment.
Relatively
little
is
known
about
longer-term
effects,
including
increased
risks
abuse
and/or
dependence.
Attempts
prolong
combined
therapy
or
repeat-dose
reviewed,
current
guidelines
use.
addition
presenting
valuable
option,
studying
has
transform
our
understanding
mechanisms
underlying
mood
disorders
development
therapeutics.
JAMA Network Open,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
5(12), С. e2244514 - e2244514
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2022
Importance
Postoperative
sleep
disturbance
(PSD)
is
common
in
patients
after
surgery.
Objective
To
examine
the
effect
of
intraoperative
esketamine
infusion
on
incidence
PSD
who
underwent
gynecological
laparoscopic
Design,
Setting,
and
Participants
This
single-center,
double-blind,
placebo-controlled
randomized
clinical
trial
was
conducted
from
August
2021
to
April
2022
First
Affiliated
Hospital
Zhengzhou
University
China.
included
aged
18
65
years
with
an
American
Society
Anesthesiologist
Physical
Status
classification
I
III
(with
indicating
a
healthy
patient,
II
patient
mild
systemic
disease,
severe
disease)
Patients
were
randomly
assigned
either
group
or
control
group.
Data
analyzed
using
per
protocol
principle.
Interventions
received
continuous
esketamine,
0.3
mg/kg/h,
intraoperatively.
equivalent
volume
saline.
Main
Outcomes
Measures
The
primary
outcome
postoperative
days
(PODs)
1
3.
defined
as
numeric
rating
scale
score
6
higher
Athens
Insomnia
Scale
points
higher.
secondary
outcomes
anxiety
depression
scores
Anxiety
Depression
Scale,
pain
visual
analog
scale,
hydromorphone
consumption,
risk
factors
associated
PSD.
Results
A
total
183
female
(n
=
91;
median
[IQR]
age,
45
[35-49]
years)
92;
43
[32-49]
years).
significantly
lower
than
POD
(22.8%
vs
44.0%;
odds
ratio
[OR],
0.38
[95%
CI,
0.20-0.72];
P
.002)
3
(7.6%
19.8%;
OR,
0.33
0.13-0.84];
.02).
There
no
differences
between
2
groups.
consumption
first
24
hours
(3.0
[range,
2.8-3.3]
mg
3.2
2.9-3.4]
mg;
.04)
movement
(3
[3-4]
4
[3-5]
points;
<
.001)
On
multivariable
logistic
regression,
preoperative
(OR,
1.31;
95%
1.01-1.70)
1.67;
1.04-1.80)
scores,
duration
anesthesia
1.04;
1.00-1.08),
1.92;
1.24-2.96)
identified
Conclusions
Relevance
this
showed
prophylactic
Further
studies
are
needed
confirm
these
results.
Trial
Registration
Chinese
Clinical
Registry
Identifier:
ChiCTR2100048587
Applied Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(21), С. 10909 - 10909
Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2022
Chirality
plays
an
important
role
in
the
development
of
many
pharmaceuticals,
being
a
general
property
‘handedness’;
nevertheless,
large
number
pharmaceuticals
are
still
marketed
and
administered
as
racemates.
is
all
around
even
within
us;
indeed,
receptors
enzymes
chiral
entities
interact
specific
manner
with
drugs.
Consequently,
controlling
enantiomeric
purity
isolating
enantiomers
from
drugs
remains
crucial
subject
for
analytical,
clinical,
regulatory
purposes,
thus,
improving
drug
safety
profile.
The
classical
examples
spontaneous
enantiomerization
severe
toxicity
related
to
chirality
represented
by
ibuprofen
thalidomide,
respectively,
but
numerous
other
cases
have
been
reported
literature.
This
review
intends
offer
brief
overview
on
most
common
used
therapy
treatment
various
diseases.
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024
The
growing
interest
in
the
rapid
and
sustained
antidepressant
effects
of
dissociative
anesthetic
ketamine
classic
psychedelics,
such
as
psilocybin,
is
remarkable.
However,
both
psychedelics
are
known
to
induce
acute
mystical
experiences;
can
cause
symptoms
out-of-body
experience,
while
typically
bring
about
hallucinogenic
experiences,
like
a
profound
sense
unity
with
universe
or
nature.
role
these
experiences
enhancing
outcomes
for
patients
depression
currently
an
area
ongoing
investigation
debate.
Clinical
studies
have
shown
that
following
administration
(S)-ketamine
(esketamine)
not
directly
linked
their
properties.
In
contrast,
potential
(R)-ketamine
(arketamine),
thought
lack
side
effects,
has
yet
be
conclusively
proven
large-scale
clinical
trials.
Moreover,
although
activation
serotonin
5-HT