Understanding COVID-19-associated coagulopathy

Nature reviews. Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(10), С. 639 - 649

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2022

Язык: Английский

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A Detailed Overview of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron: Its Sub-Variants, Mutations and Pathophysiology, Clinical Characteristics, Immunological Landscape, Immune Escape, and Therapies

Viruses, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(1), С. 167 - 167

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant concern for everyone. Recent data from many worldwide reports suggest that most infections are caused by the Omicron variant and its sub-lineages, dominating all previously emerged variants. numerous mutations in Omicron’s viral genome sub-lineages attribute it a larger amount of fitness, owing to alteration transmission pathophysiology virus. With rapid change structure, sub-variants, namely BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, BA.5, dominate community with an ability escape neutralization efficiency induced prior vaccination or infections. Similarly, several recombinant sub-variants Omicron, XBB, XBD, XBF, etc., have emerged, which better understanding. This review mainly entails changes due having higher number mutations. binding affinity, cellular entry, disease severity, infection rates, importantly, immune evading potential them discussed this review. A comparative analysis Delta other variants evolved before gives readers in-depth understanding landscape infection. Furthermore, discusses range abilities possessed approved antiviral therapeutic molecules neutralizing antibodies functional against sub-variants. evolution is causing infections, but broader aspect their not been explored. Thus, scientific should adopt elucidative approach obtain clear idea about recently including variants, so effective vaccines drugs can be achieved. This, turn, will lead drop cases and, finally, end pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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Origin, virological features, immune evasion and intervention of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2022

Recently, a large number of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants continuously emerged and posed major threat to global public health. Among them, particularly, Omicron variant (B.1.1.529), first identified in November 2021, carried numerous mutations its spike protein (S), then quickly spread around the world. Currently, has expanded into more than one hundred sublineages, such as BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4 BA.5, which have already become globally dominant variants. Different from other concern (VOCs) SARS-CoV-2, sublineages exhibit increased transmissibility immune escape neutralizing antibodies generated through previous infection or vaccination, caused re-infections breakthrough infections. In this prospective, we focused on origin, virological features, evasion intervention will benefit development next-generation vaccines therapeutics, including pan-sarbecovirus universal anti-CoV combat currently circulating future emerging well SARS-CoV-2

Язык: Английский

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Lipid nanoparticles for delivery of RNA therapeutics: Current status and the role of in vivo imaging

Theranostics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(17), С. 7509 - 7531

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been one of the most successful nano-delivery vehicles that enable efficient delivery cytotoxic chemotherapy agents, antibiotics, and nucleic acid therapeutics.During coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, LNP-based COVID-19 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines from Pfizer/BioNTech Moderna successfully developed, resulting in global sales $37 billion $17.7 billion, respectively, 2021.Based on this success, development multiple therapeutics is gaining momentum due to its potential for various genetic diseases cancers.Furthermore, imaging techniques can be utilized evaluate pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) effects, which helps target discovery accelerates mRNA therapies.A thorough introduction explanation components LNPs functions along with production methods formulating are provided review.Furthermore, recent advances clinics clinical trials explored.Additionally, evaluation PK/PD current roles developing pharmaceutics through will discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) and its sublineages: What do we know so far amid the emergence of recombinant variants of SARS-CoV-2?

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 154, С. 113522 - 113522

Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2022

Since the start of COVID-19 pandemic, numerous variants SARS-CoV-2 have been reported worldwide. The advent concern (VOCs) raises severe concerns amid serious containment efforts against that include physical measures, pharmacological repurposing, immunization, and genomic/community surveillance. Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has identified as a highly modified, contagious, crucial among five VOCs SARS-CoV-2. increased affinity spike protein (S-protein), host receptor, angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2), due to higher number mutations in receptor-binding domain (RBD) S-protein proposed primary reason for decreased efficacy majorly available vaccines transmissible nature variant. Because its significant competitive advantage, sublineages swiftly surpassed other become dominant circulating lineages nations. prevalent strain United Kingdom South Africa. Furthermore, emergence recombinant through conjunction with or by mixing variant's sublineages/subvariants poses major threat humanity. This various issues hazards regarding sublineages, such an breakout susceptible populations fully vaccinated persons. As result, understanding features genetic implications this is crucial. Hence, we explained depth evolution analyzed repercussions on infectiousness, dissemination ability, viral entry mechanism, immune evasion. We also presented viewpoint feasible strategies precluding counteracting any future catastrophic spread omicron could result detrimental wave cases.

Язык: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in the changing landscape of the COVID-19 pandemic

Immunity, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 55(10), С. 1764 - 1778

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Update on the omicron sub‐variants BA.4 and BA.5

Reviews in Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 33(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2022

Abstract Several nations have recently begun to relax their public health protocols, particularly regarding the use of face masks when engaging in outdoor activities. This is because there has been a general trend towards fewer cases coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). However, new Omicron sub‐variants (designated BA.4 and BA.5) emerged. These two subvariants are thought be cause an increase COVID‐19 South Africa, United States, Europe. They also spread throughout Asia. evolved from lineage with characteristics that make them even more contagious which allow circumvent immunity previous infection or vaccination. article reviews number scientific considerations about these variants, including apparently reduced clinical severity.

Язык: Английский

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The Delta and Omicron Variants of SARS-CoV-2: What We Know So Far

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(11), С. 1926 - 1926

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2022

The world has not yet completely overcome the fear of havoc brought by SARS-CoV-2. virus undergone several mutations since its initial appearance in China December 2019. Several variations (i.e., B.1.616.1 (Kappa variant), B.1.617.2 (Delta B.1.617.3, and BA.2.75 (Omicron variant)) have emerged throughout pandemic, altering virus's capacity to spread, risk profile, even symptoms. Humanity faces a serious threat as long keeps adapting changing fundamental function evade immune system. Delta variant two escape alterations, E484Q L452R, well other mutations; most notable these is P681R, which expected boost infectivity, whereas Omicron about 60 with certain deletions insertions. 40-60% more contagious comparison Alpha variant. Additionally, AY.1 lineage, also known "Delta plus" variant, surfaced result mutation was one causes life-threatening second wave coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Nevertheless, recent variants represent reminder that COVID-19 epidemic far from ending. sparked fervor investigation on why initially appeared propagate so much rapidly than three concerns (VOCs), whether it threatening those ways, how type mutations, induce minor changes proteins, can wreck trouble. This review sheds light pathogenicity, treatments, impact vaccine efficacy

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccines adverse events: potential molecular mechanisms

Immunologic Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 71(3), С. 356 - 372

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023

Язык: Английский

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A one-year follow-up study of systematic impact of long COVID symptoms among patients post SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants infection in Shanghai, China

Emerging Microbes & Infections, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2)

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2023

Long COVID hinders people from normal life and work, posing significant medical economic challenges. Nevertheless, comprehensive studies assessing its impact on large populations in Asia are still lacking. We tracked over 20,000 patients infected with COVID-19 for the first time during Omicron BA.2 outbreak Shanghai March-June 2022 one year. Of 21,799 who participated 6-month telephone follow-up, 1939 (8.89%) had self-reported long symptoms. 450 outpatient follow-up. Participants underwent healthy physical examinations questionnaires focused long-COVID-related symptoms mental health. Mobility problem (

Язык: Английский

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