Epigenetic Changes Associated with Different Types of Stressors and Suicide

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(9), С. 1258 - 1258

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023

Stress is associated with various epigenetic changes. Some stress-induced changes are highly dynamic, whereas others lasting marks on the epigenome. In our study, a comprehensive narrative review of literature was performed by investigating that occur acute stress, chronic early childhood and traumatic stress exposures, along examining those observed in post-mortem brains or blood samples suicide completers attempters. addition, transgenerational effects these reported. For all types studies examined, genes Nr3c1, OXTR, SLC6A4, BDNF reproducibly showed changes, some modifications to be passed down subsequent generations following exposures. The aforementioned known involved neuronal development hormonal regulation susceptibility mental health disorders including depression, anxiety, personality disorders, PTSD (post-traumatic disorder). Further research warranted order determine scope actionable targets individuals suffering from long-lasting stressful experiences.

Язык: Английский

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Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and learning and memory deficits in Neuroinflammatory diseases

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Май 15, 2023

Animal survival depends on cognitive abilities such as learning and memory to adapt environmental changes. Memory functions require an enhanced activity connectivity of a particular arrangement engram neurons, supported by the concerted action glia, vascular cells. The deterioration cholinergic system is common occurrence in neurological conditions exacerbated aging traumatic brain injury (TBI), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's (PD). Cotinine modulator with neuroprotective, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, memory-enhancing effects. Current evidence suggests Cotinine's beneficial effects cognition results from positive modulation α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) inhibition toll-like (TLRs). α7nAChR affects modulating function endothelial, immune, dendritic cells regulates inhibitory excitatory neurotransmission throughout GABA interneurons. In addition, acting α7 nAChRs TLR reduces neuroinflammation inhibiting release pro-inflammatory cytokines immune Also, α7nAChRs stimulate signaling pathways supporting structural, biochemical, electrochemical, cellular changes Central nervous during processes, including Neurogenesis. Here, mechanisms formation well potential preservation diseases are discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Multiomics on Mental Stress-Induced Myocardial Ischemia: A Narrative Review

Heart and Mind, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(1), С. 15 - 20

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract Accumulating multiomics studies have been developed to gain new insights into complex diseases, including mental stress-induced diseases and myocardial ischemia. Multiomics techniques integrate multiple layers of biological data, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, obtain a more comprehensive understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases. Despite potential benefits applying approaches study ischemia (MSIMI), are relatively limited. The etiology MSIMI remains poorly understood, highlighting need for further research in this field. This review first discusses current state knowledge on highlights gaps Then, we provide an overview recent that used expand ischemia, respectively. Finally, propose possible directions can be pursued improve our domain. While still its early stages, holds great promise improving recognition developing effective clinical interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms of Epigenetic Inheritance in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Life, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1), С. 98 - 98

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2024

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric that causes debilitating functional impairment in patients. Observations from survivors of traumatic historical events solidify this disease not only associated with personal experiences but can also be inherited familial traumas. Over the past decades, researchers have focused on epigenetic inheritance to understand how responses adverse passed down future generations. This review aims present recent findings markers related PTSD and research intergenerational trauma. By understanding information, we hope act as biochemical measurements for clinical practice.

Язык: Английский

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Implications of gene × environment interactions in post-traumatic stress disorder risk and treatment

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 135(5)

Опубликована: Март 2, 2025

Exposure to traumatic stress is common in the general population. Variation brain's molecular encoding of potentially contributes heterogeneous clinical outcomes response experiences. For instance, only a minority those exposed trauma will develop post-traumatic disorder (PTSD). Risk for PTSD at least partially heritable, with growing number genetic factors identified through GWAS. A major limitation studies that they capture component risk, whereas by definition requires an environmental exposure. Furthermore, extent, timing, and type affects susceptibility. Here, we discuss mechanisms risk together gene × environment interactions, focus on how either might inform screening individuals high disease, reveal biological one day yield novel therapeutics, impact best practices even today. To close, interaction sex, gender, race, implications treatment. Altogether, suggest predicting, preventing, treating require integrating both genotypic information.

Язык: Английский

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Epigenetic factors in posttraumatic stress disorder resilience and susceptibility

Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(1)

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Abstract Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects approximately 8% of the US population, with varying susceptibility among individuals exposed to trauma. While genetic factors contribute PTSD risk, emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in translating environmental exposures into lasting neurobiological changes. Purpose This review provides comprehensive analysis cutting-edge research on PTSD, particular emphasis novel findings regarding resilience and mechanisms. We explore recent technological advances their applications understanding pathophysiology. Main body Advanced epigenomic approaches have revealed complex interactions between DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs PTSD. Novel highlight cell type-specific signatures temporal dynamics following trauma exposure. Single-cell studies identified previously unknown cellular heterogeneity responses. Recent data modifications not only influence individual but may also transgenerational transmission effects. Integrative multi-omics new insights molecular networks underlying vulnerability. Conclusion unprecedented complexity These open avenues for personalized interventions based profiles suggest therapeutic strategies targeting modifications. enhanced has significant implications risk assessment, prevention, treatment. Graphical abstract

Язык: Английский

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Epigenetic Echoes: Bridging Nature, Nurture, and Healing Across Generations

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(7), С. 3075 - 3075

Опубликована: Март 27, 2025

Trauma can impact individuals within a generation (intragenerational) and future generations (transgenerational) through complex interplay of biological environmental factors. This review explores the epigenetic mechanisms that have been correlated with effects trauma across generations, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs. These regulate expression stress-related genes (such as glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) gene), linking to pathways may affect long-term stress regulation health outcomes. Although research using model organisms has elucidated potential underlying intergenerational trauma, applying these findings human populations remains challenging due confounding variables, methodological limitations, ethical considerations. complexity is compounded by difficulties in establishing causality disentangling influences from shared Emerging therapies, such psychedelic-assisted treatments mind-body interventions, offer promising avenues address both psychological aspects trauma. However, translating into effective interventions will require interdisciplinary methods culturally sensitive approaches. Enriched environments, cultural reconnection, psychosocial shown mitigate trauma's impacts generations. By integrating biological, social, perspectives, this highlights critical importance frameworks breaking cycles fostering resilience, advancing comprehensive healing

Язык: Английский

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Reflections and perspectives on epigenetically mediated biological control: compromises in cancer and skeletal pathology

Academia Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 3(2)

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025

Establishing DNA as the genetic material, deciphering code and defining double helical structure of genome provided a foundation for pursuing mechanistic understanding gene expression that is operative biological control pathology. Equally important are series discoveries have established epigenetic mechanisms, defined by non-DNA-encoded regulation, mediated an evolving histone supports chromatin states, complementary obligatory determinants activity. Evidence accruing pivotal contributions parameters to required development differentiation well transient sustained responsiveness physiological regulatory cues support cell structure, function, survival, tissue repair remodeling. Epigenetic emerging decisive contributor compliance highly integrative processes balance phenotypic function tumor suppression with aberrant accompanies onset progression disease, strikingly illustrated tumorigenesis skeletal disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Experimental PTSD Models in Zebrafish: A Systematic Review of Behavioral, Neurochemical, and Molecular Outcomes

Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(5), С. 456 - 456

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2025

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex psychiatric condition characterized by persistent behavioral and neurobiological alterations following trauma. Although rodent models are commonly used to study PTSD, zebrafish (Danio rerio) have emerged as promising alternative due their genetic similarity humans, conserved response systems, high-throughput capabilities. This systematic review evaluates 33 experimental studies on PTSD models, focusing behavioral, neurochemical, molecular outcomes. Chronic unpredictable (CUS/UCS) paradigms of 14–15 days were identified the most reliable for inducing PTSD-like phenotypes, consistently resulting in anxiety-like behaviors, cortisol dysregulation, gene expression changes. In contrast, acute produced transient effects, social defeat showed methodological variability. frequently demonstrated neurotransmitter imbalances, oxidative stress, upregulation inflammatory neuroplasticity-related genes. However, literature revealed challenges, including protocol heterogeneity, limited sex-specific analyses, constraints longitudinal biomarker tracking. Future directions include epigenetic profiling, environmental standardization, cross-species validation. When with rigor, offer powerful translationally relevant platform mechanisms screen novel interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular insights into trauma: A framework of epigenetic pathways to resilience through intervention

Med, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 100560 - 100560

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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