Exosomes─Nature’s Lipid Nanoparticles, a Rising Star in Drug Delivery and Diagnostics

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(11), С. 17802 - 17846

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2022

Exosomes are a subgroup of nanosized extracellular vesicles enclosed by lipid bilayer membrane and secreted most eukaryotic cells. They represent route intercellular communication participate in wide variety physiological pathological processes. The biological roles exosomes rely on their bioactive cargos, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, which delivered to target Their distinctive properties─innate stability, low immunogenicity, biocompatibility, good biomembrane penetration capacity─allow them function as superior natural nanocarriers for efficient drug delivery. Another notably favorable clinical application is diagnostics. hold various biomolecules from host cells, indicative pathophysiological conditions; therefore, they considered vital biomarker discovery Here, we use data the CAS Content Collection provide landscape overview current state delineate trends research advancement exosome applications therapeutics diagnostics across time, geography, composition, cargo loading, development pipelines. We discuss composition pathway, biogenesis secretion cells recipient cell uptake. assess methods isolation purification, therapy diagnostics, pipelines, exploration goals companies, assortment diseases aim treat, stages research, publication trends. hope this review will be useful understanding knowledge field medical exosomes, an effort further solve remaining challenges fulfilling potential.

Язык: Английский

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Multifunctional nanoparticle-mediated combining therapy for human diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract Combining existing drug therapy is essential in developing new therapeutic agents disease prevention and treatment. In preclinical investigations, combined effect of certain known drugs has been well established treating extensive human diseases. Attributed to synergistic effects by targeting various pathways advantages, such as reduced administration dose, decreased toxicity, alleviated resistance, combinatorial treatment now being pursued delivering combat major clinical illnesses, cancer, atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, myocarditis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic disorders neurodegenerative Combinatorial involves combining or co-delivering two more for a specific disease. Nanoparticle (NP)-mediated delivery systems, i.e., liposomal NPs, polymeric NPs nanocrystals, are great interest wide range due targeted delivery, extended release, higher stability avoid rapid clearance at infected areas. This review summarizes targets diseases, clinically approved combinations the development multifunctional emphasizes strategies based on severe Ultimately, we discuss challenging NP-codelivery translation provide potential approaches address limitations. offers comprehensive overview recent cutting-edge NP-mediated combination

Язык: Английский

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Exosomal circular RNAs: A chief culprit in cancer chemotherapy resistance

Drug Resistance Updates, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 67, С. 100937 - 100937

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2023

Язык: Английский

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The potential use of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes as microRNAs delivery systems in different diseases

Cell Communication and Signaling, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2023

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNA. Moreover, it has been shown miRNAs changed in various diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune disease, infectious and neurodegenerative Diseases. The suppression miRNA function can be easily attained utilizing anti-miRNAs. In contrast, an enhancement achieved through the utilization modified mimetics. discovery appropriate carriers body become interesting subject for investigators. Exosomes (EXOs) therapeutic efficiency safety transferring different cellular biological components to recipient cell have attracted significant attention their capability carriers. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) recognized generate wide range EXOs (MSC-EXOs), showing MSCs may effective EXO generation clinically measure compared other origins. MSC-EXOs widely investigated because immune attributes, tumor-homing flexible characteristics. this article, we summarized features MSC-EXOs, including production, purification, loading methods modification targeted delivery diseases. Graphical abstract

Язык: Английский

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Strategies to overcome the main challenges of the use of exosomes as drug carrier for cancer therapy

Cancer Cell International, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2022

Abstract Exosomes are naturally occurring nanosized particles that aid intercellular communication by transmitting biological information between cells. have therapeutic efficacy can transfer their contents cells as natural carriers. In addition, the exosomal delivered to recipient pathological significantly inhibit cancer progression. However, exosome-based tumor treatments inadequately precise or successful, and various challenges should be adequately overcome. Here, we discuss significant exosomes face drug carriers used for targets strategies overcoming these in order promote this new incoming carrier further improve future clinical outcomes. We also present techniques challenges.

Язык: Английский

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Recent Advances in Intranasal Liposomes for Drug, Gene, and Vaccine Delivery

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(1), С. 207 - 207

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023

Liposomes are safe, biocompatible, and biodegradable spherical nanosized vesicles produced from cholesterol phospholipids. Recently, liposomes have been widely administered intranasally for systemic brain delivery. From the nasal cavity, liposome-encapsulated drugs genes enter circulation primarily via absorption in respiratory region, whereas they can be directly transported to olfactory pathway. protect enzymatic degradation, increase drug across epithelium, prolong residence time cavity. Intranasal also a potential approach vaccine used as platform load antigens adjuvants induce robust immune response. With recent interest intranasal liposome formulations, this review discusses various aspects of that make them suitable administration. We summarized latest advancements applications evaluated their performance delivery intranasally. reviewed advances development proposed perspectives on future liposomes.

Язык: Английский

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Tumor Exosomal ENPP1 Hydrolyzes cGAMP to Inhibit cGAS‐STING Signaling

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(20)

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

To evade immune surveillance, tumor cells express ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) on the surface of their membrane, which degrades extracellular cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), thereby inhibiting synthase (cGAS) stimulator interferon gene (STING) DNA-sensing pathway. fully understand this stealth mechanism, it is essential to determine whether other forms ENPP1 with hydrolytic cGAMP activity also are present in microenvironment regulate innate Herein, reported that various tumor-derived exosomes carry ENPP1, and can hydrolyze synthetic 2'3'-cGAMP endogenous produced by inhibit cGAS-STING pathway cells. Moreover, exosomal bound LL-37 (an effective transporter 2'3'-cGAMP) STING signaling. Furthermore, high expression observed isolated from human breast lung cancer tissue, inhibited infiltration CD8+ T CD4+ The results elucidate function pathway, furthering understanding crosstalk between system.

Язык: Английский

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A state-of-the-art review of the recent advances of theranostic liposome hybrid nanoparticles in cancer treatment and diagnosis

Cancer Cell International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2025

Theranostics is a way of treating illness that blends medicine with testing. Specific characteristics should be present in the best theranostic agents for cancer: (1) drugs safe and non-toxic; (2) they able to treat cancer selectively; (3) build up only cancerous tissue. Liposomes (LPs) are one most efficient drug delivery methods based on nanotechnology. Stealth LPs commercial have recently had an impact treatment. Using valuable information from each imaging technique, along multimodality functionality liposomal therapeutic agents, makes them very appealing personalized monitoring how well working against vivo predicting therapies will work. On other hand, their use as nanoparticle systems currently research development phase. Nanoscale system innovation has made LP-nanoparticle hybrid structures useful combining methods. LP-hybrid nanoparticles better at killing cells than LP counterparts, making excellent options vitro applications. Hybrid liposomes (HLs) could used future carriers find targets. This would combine features synthetic biological systems. Overarchingly, this article provided comprehensive overview many types detection, therapy, analysis. An evaluation pros cons HLs detection treatment also been conducted. The study included recent significant We conclude by outlining potential benefits drawbacks approach concurrent different malignancies, its prospects.

Язык: Английский

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Recent advances in nanotechnology for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative that destroys substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons, causing tremors, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. Current treatment approaches primarily focus on symptom management, employing pharmacological, non-pharmacological, surgical methods. However, these treatments often result in fluctuating symptoms, side effects, progression. Here, the authors have reviewed emerging field of nanomedicine as promising path for treatment, emphasizing its potential to overcome limitations traditional therapies. Nanomedicine utilizes nanoparticles targeted drug delivery, leveraging their small size high surface area volume ratio cross blood-brain barrier deliver therapeutic agents directly affected brain regions. Various nanoparticles, including lipid-based, polymeric, metallic, carbon-based, shown treatment. Additionally, nanocarrier systems like liposomes, nanogels, dendrimers, solid lipid offer controlled sustained release agents, enhancing bioavailability reducing effects. This review provides insights into pathophysiology disease, highlighting mechanisms neurodegeneration, role alpha-synuclein, disruption pathways. It further discusses application gene therapy conjunction with interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Therapeutic Strategy of Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Regenerative Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(12), С. 6480 - 6480

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer membrane particles that play critical roles in intracellular communication through EV-encapsulated informative content, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) pluripotent with self-renewal ability derived from bone marrow, fat, umbilical cord, menstruation blood, pulp, etc., which they use to induce tissue regeneration by their direct recruitment into injured tissues, the heart, liver, lung, kidney, or secreting factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor insulin-like factor. Recently, MSC-derived EVs have been shown regenerative effects against various diseases, partially due post-transcriptional regulation of target genes miRNAs. Furthermore, garnered attention novel drug delivery systems, because can specially encapsulate molecules. In this review, we summarize molecular mechanisms EVs.

Язык: Английский

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