Species-Specific Duplication of Surface Antigen Genes in Paramecium DOI Creative Commons
Marcello Pirritano, Yulia Yakovleva, А. А. Потехин

и другие.

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(12), С. 2378 - 2378

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2022

Paramecium is a free-living ciliate that undergoes antigenic variation and still the functions of these variable surface antigen coats in this non-pathogenic remain elusive. Only few genes have been described, mainly two model species P. tetraurelia strain 51 primaurelia 156. Given lack suitable sequence data to allow for phylogenetics deeper comparisons, we screened genomes six different serotype isolated 548 candidates. Our approach identified subfamilies isogenes individual serotypes were mostly represented by intrachromosomal gene duplicates. These showed duplication levels, chromosome synteny suggested rather young events after emergence aurelia complex, indicating rapid evolution genes. We able identify with internal tandem repeats, which consensus motifs across species. The isogene families additional motifs, selection pressure holds amino acids constant repeats. This may be hint receptor function antigens than presentation random epitopes, generating variability molecules.

Язык: Английский

Extracellular vesicles in parasitic diseases – from pathogenesis to future diagnostic tools DOI
Saulo Almeida de Menezes, Tiana Tasca

Microbes and Infection, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26(4), С. 105310 - 105310

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4
Host-specific targets of Histomonas meleagridis antigens revealed by immunoprecipitation DOI Creative Commons
Marcelo de Jesus Ramires, Karin Anna Hummel, Tamás Hatfaludi

и другие.

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

Abstract Histomonas meleagridis , a protozoan parasite responsible for histomonosis (syn. Blackhead disease, histomoniasis), presents an increasing challenge poultry health, particularly with the ban of licensed prophylactic and treatment options. Recent studies have explored H. proteome, exoproteome, surfaceome, linking molecular data to virulence in vitro attenuation. Nevertheless, proteins involved interactions hosts remain largely unknown. In this study, we conducted immunoproteome analyses identify key antigens humoral immune response parasite’s main hosts, turkeys chickens. Immunogenic were isolated via immunoprecipitation using sera from chickens that vaccinated single attenuated strain challenged virulent strains protozoan, respectively. Mass spectrometry identified 155 putative immunogenic proteins, which 43 recognized by both hosts. silico antigenicity screening (VaxElan) 33 pan-reactive antigens, VaxiDL further highlighting 10 as potential vaccine candidates. Comparative analysis revealed host-specific responses, 16 differential (6 specific preparations) 19 unique turkeys, all associated strains. These results enhance our understanding protein dynamics host-pathogen specificities, supporting development improved diagnostic tools protective measures against infection.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Giardiavirus infection alleviates growth restriction and intestinal damage caused by the intestinal parasite Giardia duodenalis DOI Creative Commons
Li Lu, Lili Cao,

Qiankun Yang

и другие.

Parasites & Vectors, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025

Abstract Background Giardia duodenalis is a prevalent intestinal pathogen causing giardiasis, condition characterized by diarrhea and frequently linked to malnutrition growth impairments in children. The virulence of Giardiavirus (GLV) may efficiently clear parasites from infected patients. However, we have limited understanding GLV transmission among species GLV-infected ’s impact on pathogenicity. Methods This study investigated extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated via ultracentrifugation or exosome assay kit detect the presence EVs, results were detected using ultrastructure molecular methods, including electron microscopy, scanning quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), dot blot. Transwell migration assays confirmed spread GLV-enveloped EVs inhibitor experiments immunofluorescence. Mice gavaged with , without infection, assessed for disease progression, parameters (weight size gains), permeability, pathology. Results Parts exploit pathway reach environment, allowing these EVs. uptake GLV-containing rapid trophozoite wrapped also offers protection against external interference. Importantly, EV-coated leads divergent clinical symptoms mice, posing less risk mice reducing symptoms, such as emaciation, stunted growth, lesion damage, compared GLV-free -infected mice. Conclusions Our studies show that can species, infection alleviates lesions caused . These findings reveal could be target development novel intervention strategies Graphical abstract

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Discovery, recognized antigenic structures, and evolution of cross-serotype broadly neutralizing antibodies from porcine B-cell repertoires against foot-and-mouth disease virus DOI Creative Commons
Fengjuan Li,

Sheng-Ze Wu,

Lv Lv

и другие.

PLoS Pathogens, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(10), С. e1012623 - e1012623

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2024

It is a great challenge to isolate the broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) due its existence as seven distinct serotypes without cross-protection. Here, by vaccination of pig with FMDV O and A whole antigens, we obtained 10 bnAbs O, and/or Asia1 dissecting 216 common clonotypes two specific porcine B-cell receptor (BCR) gene repertoires containing total 12720 B cell clones, indicating induction cross-serotype after sequential antigens. The majority (9/10) were derived from terminally differentiated cells different clonal lineages, which convergently targeted conserved "RGDL" motif on structural protein VP1 mimicking recognition inhibit viral attachment cells. Cryo-EM complex structures revealed that other bnAb pOA-2 specifically targets novel inter-pentamer antigen structure surrounding three-fold axis, highly determinant at residue 68 VP2. This unique binding pattern enabled neutralization destabilizing particle. evolutionary analysis demonstrated origin an intermediate B-cell, emphasizing crucial role somatic hypermutations (SHMs) in balancing breadth potency neutralization. However, excessive SHMs may deviate trajectory broad study provides strategy uncover mutable pathogens antigenic explore protective vaccine.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
A strategy to enhance the water solubility of luminescent β-diketonate-Europium(III) complexes for time-gated luminescence bioassays DOI
Zhiyuan Dong, Bo Song, Hua Ma

и другие.

Talanta, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 274, С. 126000 - 126000

Опубликована: Март 27, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Heme metabolism in Strigomonas culicis: Implications of H2O2 resistance induction and symbiont elimination DOI Creative Commons
Ana Cristina S. Bombaça, Marcelle Almeida Caminha, Juliana M. C. Barbosa

и другие.

Journal of Biological Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 300(9), С. 107692 - 107692

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2024

Monoxenous trypanosomatid Strigomonas culicis harbors an endosymbiotic bacterium, which enables the protozoa to survive without heme supplementation. The impact of H2O2 resistance and symbiont elimination on intracellular Fe2+ availability was analyzed through a comparison WT strain with both H2O2-resistant (WTR) aposymbiotic (Apo) protozoa. relative quantification biosynthetic pathway label-free parallel reaction monitoring targeted mass spectrometry revealed that does not influence abundance tryptic peptides. However, Apo showed increased coproporphyrinogen III oxidase ferrochelatase levels. A putative ferrous iron transporter, homologous LIT1 TcIT from Leishmania major Trypanosoma cruzi, identified for first time. Label-free also S. Iron Transporter (ScIT) 1.6- 16.4-fold in WTR strains compared WT. Accordingly, antibody-mediated blockage ScIT decreased by 28.0% 40.0% Fe2+concentration strains, whereas no effect detected In heme-depleted medium, adding 10 μM hemin transcript levels Apo, PPIX, substrate ferrochelatase, concentration ferric reduction. Overall, data suggest mechanisms dependent de novo synthesis (and its substrates) overcome reduced availability. Given importance as cofactors metabolic pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation antioxidant systems, this study provides novel mechanistic insights associated culicis.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Tunneling Nanotube-like Structures in Giardia duodenalis DOI Creative Commons
Victor Midlej, Albano H. Tenaglia, Hugo D. Luján

и другие.

Cells, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(18), С. 1538 - 1538

Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2024

(

Процитировано

1
Infection length and host environment influence on Plasmodium falciparum dry season reservoir DOI Creative Commons
Carolina M. Andrade, Manuela Carrasquilla,

Usama Dabbas

и другие.

EMBO Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(10), С. 2349 - 2375

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2024

Persistence of malaria parasites in asymptomatic hosts is crucial areas seasonally-interrupted transmission, where P. falciparum bridges wet seasons months apart. During the dry season, infected erythrocytes exhibit extended circulation with reduced cytoadherence, increasing risk splenic clearance cells and hindering parasitaemia increase. However, what determines parasite persistence for long periods time remains unknown. Here, we investigated whether seasonality affects plasma composition so that can detect adjust to changing serological cues; or if alternatively, infection length dictates clinical presentation persistency. Data from Malian children exposed alternating ~6-month show unrelated year non-infected children, carrying only minimally constitution hosts. Parasites persisting blood into ensuing season rarely ever appeared cause their as changed. In vitro culture presence collected did not affect development, replication host-cell remodelling. The absence a parasite-encoded sensing mechanism was further supported by observation similar features asymptomatically age- sex-matched season. Conversely, clones transmitted early had lower chance surviving until end following contrasting higher likelihood survival towards allowing re-initiation transmission. We propose decreased virulence observed during due ability, nor it linked capacity but rather consequence cytoadhesion associated length.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Mucosal vaccination in a murine gnotobiotic model of Giardia lamblia infection DOI
Sozaburo Ihara, Brian Nguyen, Yukiko Miyamoto

и другие.

Infection and Immunity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 92(6)

Опубликована: Май 9, 2024

ABSTRACT Giardia lamblia is an important protozoan cause of diarrheal disease worldwide, delayed development and cognitive impairment in children low- middle-income countries, protracted post-infectious syndromes developed regions. G. resides the lumen at epithelial surface proximal small intestine but not mucosa invasive. The parasite genetically diverse with significant genome differences across strains assemblages. Animal models, particularly murine have been instrumental defining mechanisms host defense against , mice cannot be readily infected most human pathogenic strains. Antibiotic pretreatment can increase susceptibility, suggesting that normal microbiota plays a role controlling infection mice, broader implications on susceptibility to are known. Here, we used gnotobiotic demonstrate robust intestinal achieved for broad set human-pathogenic genetic assemblages A B. Furthermore, were able eradicate similar kinetics conventional after trophozoite challenge. Germ-free could also effectively immunized by mucosal route protective antigen, α1-giardin, manner dependent CD4 T cells. These results indicate mouse model powerful investigating acquired defenses giardiasis, as broadly susceptible yet display no apparent defects immunity needed eradicating this lumen-dwelling pathogen.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Key Regulators of Parasite Biology Viewed Through a Post‐Translational Modification Repertoire DOI Creative Commons
Naiwen Zhang, Ning Jiang, Qijun Chen

и другие.

PROTEOMICS, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2024

Parasites are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in both humans animals, imposing substantial socioeconomic burdens worldwide. Controlling parasitic diseases has become one key issues achieving "One Health". Most parasites have sophisticated life cycles exhibiting progressive developmental stages, morphologies, host-switching, which controlled by various regulatory machineries including protein post-translational modifications (PTMs). PTMs emerged as a mechanism modulate their virulence, transitions, environmental adaptations. enzyme-mediated additions or removals chemical groups that dynamically regulate stability functions proteins confer novel properties, playing vital roles variety biological processes cellular functions. In this review, we circumscribe how utilize to intricate lives, with focus on role parasite biology pathogenesis.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0