New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
240(5), С. 2020 - 2034
Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2023
Agriculture
is
a
major
source
of
nutrient
pollution,
posing
threat
to
the
earth
system
functioning.
Factors
determining
use
efficiency
plant-soil
systems
need
be
identified
develop
strategies
reduce
losses
while
ensuring
crop
productivity.
The
potential
soil
biota
tighten
cycles
by
improving
plant
nutrition
and
reducing
still
poorly
understood.
We
manipulated
communities
in
outdoor
lysimeters,
planted
maize,
continuously
collected
leachates,
measured
N2
O-
-gas
emissions
after
fertilization
pulse
test
whether
differences
affected
recycling
N
losses.
Lysimeters
with
strongly
simplified
showed
reduced
(-20%)
P
(-58%)
uptake,
increased
leaching
(+65%),
gaseous
(+97%)
O
.
Soil
metagenomic
analyses
revealed
abundance
genes
responsible
for
nitrate
reduction,
denitrification
that
helped
explain
observed
are
drivers
cycling
reductions
diversity
or
certain
groups
(e.g.
through
land-use
intensification)
can
disrupt
cycling,
agricultural
productivity
efficiency,
exacerbate
environmental
pollution
global
warming.
Nature Climate Change,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(5), С. 478 - 483
Опубликована: Март 16, 2023
Increasing
the
number
of
environmental
stressors
could
decrease
ecosystem
functioning
in
soils.
Yet
this
relationship
has
never
been
globally
assessed
outside
laboratory
experiments.
Here,
using
two
independent
global
standardized
field
surveys,
and
a
range
natural
human
factors,
we
test
between
exceeding
different
critical
thresholds
maintenance
multiple
services
across
biomes.
Our
analysis
shows
that,
stressors,
from
medium
levels
(>50%),
negatively
significantly
correlates
with
impacts
on
services,
that
crossing
high-level
threshold
(over
75%
maximum
observed
levels),
reduces
soil
biodiversity
globally.
The
>75%
was
consistently
seen
as
an
important
predictor
therefore
improving
prediction
functioning.
findings
highlight
need
to
reduce
dimensionality
footprint
ecosystems
conserve
function.
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
242(4), С. 1486 - 1506
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024
Summary
Mycorrhizal
symbioses
between
plants
and
fungi
are
vital
for
the
soil
structure,
nutrient
cycling,
plant
diversity,
ecosystem
sustainability.
More
than
250
000
species
associated
with
mycorrhizal
fungi.
Recent
advances
in
genomics
related
approaches
have
revolutionized
our
understanding
of
biology
ecology
associations.
The
genomes
250+
been
released
hundreds
genes
that
play
pivotal
roles
regulating
symbiosis
development
metabolism
characterized.
rDNA
metabarcoding
metatranscriptomics
provide
novel
insights
into
ecological
cues
driving
communities
functions
expressed
by
these
associations,
linking
to
traits
such
as
acquisition
organic
matter
decomposition.
Here,
we
review
genomic
studies
revealed
involved
uptake
development,
discuss
adaptations
fundamental
evolution
lifestyles.
We
also
evaluated
services
provided
networks
how
hold
promise
sustainable
agriculture
forestry
enhancing
stress
tolerance.
Overall,
unraveling
intricate
dynamics
is
paramount
promoting
sustainability
addressing
current
pressing
environmental
concerns.
This
ends
major
frontiers
further
research.
The Plant Journal,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
117(6), С. 1800 - 1814
Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2023
The
complexity
of
environmental
conditions
encountered
by
plants
in
the
field,
or
nature,
is
gradually
increasing
due
to
anthropogenic
activities
that
promote
global
warming,
climate
change,
and
increased
levels
pollutants.
While
past
it
seemed
sufficient
study
how
acclimate
one
even
two
different
stresses
affecting
them
simultaneously,
complex
developing
on
our
planet
necessitate
a
new
approach
studying
stress
plants:
Acclimation
multiple
occurring
concurrently
consecutively
(termed,
multifactorial
combination
[MFSC]).
In
an
initial
plant
response
MFSC,
conducted
with
Arabidopsis
thaliana
seedlings
subjected
MFSC
six
abiotic
stresses,
was
found
increase
number
simultaneously
impacting
plant,
growth
survival
declined,
if
effects
each
involved
such
minimal
insignificant.
three
recent
studies,
crop
plants,
have
similar
commercial
rice
cultivar,
maize
hybrid,
tomato,
soybean,
causing
significant
reductions
growth,
biomass,
physiological
parameters,
and/or
yield
traits.
As
are
worsening,
as
well
becoming
more
complex,
addressing
its
agriculture
ecosystems
worldwide
becomes
high
priority.
this
review,
we
address
crops,
agriculture,
worldwide,
highlight
potential
avenues
enhance
resilience
crops
MFSC.
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
30(7)
Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024
Abstract
Microplastic
(MP)
pollution
likely
affects
global
soil
carbon
(C)
dynamics,
yet
it
remains
uncertain
how
and
to
what
extent
MP
influences
respiration.
Here,
we
report
on
a
meta‐analysis
determine
the
effects
of
microbiome
CO
2
emission.
We
found
that
significantly
increased
contents
organic
C
(SOC)
(21%)
dissolved
(DOC)
(12%),
activity
fluorescein
diacetate
hydrolase
(FDAse)
(10%),
microbial
biomass
(17%),
but
led
decrease
in
diversity
(3%).
In
particular,
increases
components
further
promote
emission
(25%)
from
soil,
with
much
higher
effect
MPs
these
emissions
than
biomass.
The
could
be
attributed
opposite
vs.
diversity,
as
accumulation
recruited
some
functionally
important
bacteria
provided
additional
substrates
for
specific
heterotrophic
microorganisms,
while
inhibiting
growth
autotrophic
taxa
(e.g.,
Chloroflexi
,
Cyanobacteria
).
This
study
reveals
can
increase
by
causing
shifts
microbiome.
These
results
underscore
potential
importance
plastic
terrestrial
fluxes,
thus
climate
feedbacks.
Abstract
Understanding
the
interactions
among
anthropogenic
stressors
is
critical
for
effective
conservation
and
management
of
ecosystems.
Freshwater
scientists
have
invested
considerable
resources
in
conducting
factorial
experiments
to
disentangle
stressor
by
testing
their
individual
combined
effects.
However,
diversity
systems
studied
has
hindered
previous
syntheses
this
body
research.
To
overcome
challenge,
we
used
a
novel
machine
learning
framework
identify
relevant
studies
from
over
235,000
publications.
Our
synthesis
resulted
new
dataset
2396
multiple‐stressor
freshwater
systems.
By
summarizing
methods
these
studies,
quantifying
trends
popularity
investigated
stressors,
performing
co‐occurrence
analysis,
produce
most
comprehensive
overview
diverse
field
research
date.
We
provide
both
taxonomy
grouping
909
into
31
classes
an
open‐source
interactive
version
(
https://jamesaorr.shinyapps.io/freshwater‐multiple‐stressors/
).
Inspired
our
results,
help
clarify
whether
statistical
detected
align
with
interest,
outline
general
guidelines
design
any
system.
conclude
highlighting
directions
required
better
understand
ecosystems
facing
multiple
stressors.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2024
The
impact
of
microplastics
on
antibiotic
resistance
has
attracted
widespread
attention.
However,
previous
studies
primarily
focused
the
effects
individual
microplastics.
In
reality,
diverse
microplastic
types
accumulate
in
soil,
and
it
remains
less
well
studied
whether
diversity
(i.e.,
variations
color,
shape
or
polymer
type)
can
be
an
important
driver
increased
gene
(ARG)
abundance.
Here,
we
employed
microcosm
to
investigate
soil
ARG
dynamics
through
metagenomic
analysis.
Additionally,
evaluated
associated
potential
health
risks
by
profiling
virulence
factor
genes
(VFGs)
mobile
genetic
elements
(MGEs).
Our
findings
reveal
that
as
increases,
there
is
a
corresponding
rise
abundance
ARGs,
VFGs
MGEs.
We
further
identified
microbial
adaptive
strategies
involving
(changed
diversity),
community
(increased
specific
microbes),
functions
(enriched
metabolic
pathways)
correlate
with
may
thus
contribute
dissemination.
Additional
global
change
factors,
including
fungicide
application
plant
reduction,
also
contributed
elevated
suggest
that,
addition
considering
contamination
levels,
crucial
monitor
ecosystems
due
their
role
driving
dissemination
multiple
pathways.
