Endothelial dysfunction and immunothrombosis as key pathogenic mechanisms in COVID-19

Nature reviews. Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 21(5), С. 319 - 329

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Therapeutic strategies for COVID-19: progress and lessons learned

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(6), С. 449 - 475

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Endothelial cells are not productively infected by SARS‐CoV‐2

Clinical & Translational Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(10)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

Thrombotic and microvascular complications are frequently seen in deceased COVID-19 patients. However, whether this is caused by direct viral infection of the endothelium or inflammation-induced endothelial activation remains highly contentious.Here, we use patient autopsy samples, primary human cells an vitro model pulmonary epithelial-endothelial cell barrier.We show that express very low levels SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 protease TMPRSS2, which blocks their capacity for productive infection, limits to produce infectious virus. Accordingly, can only be infected when they overexpress ACE2, exposed high concentrations SARS-CoV-2. We also does not infect 3D vessels under flow conditions. further demonstrate a co-culture with Endothelial do however sense respond adjacent epithelial cells, increasing ICAM-1 expression releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines.Taken together, these data suggest vivo, unlikely may occur if epithelium denuded (basolateral infection) load present blood (apical infection). In such scenario, whilst occur, it contribute amplification. still play key role pathogenesis sensing mounting response

Язык: Английский

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A fresh look at coronary microembolization

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 19(4), С. 265 - 280

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2021

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 and the Vasculature: Current Aspects and Long-Term Consequences

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in December 2019 as a novel respiratory pathogen and is the causative agent of Corona Virus disease (COVID-19). Early on during this pandemic, it became apparent that SARS-CoV-2 not only restricted to infecting tract, but virus also found other tissues, including vasculature. Individuals with underlying pre-existing co-morbidities like diabetes hypertension have been more prone develop severe illness fatal outcomes COVID-19. In addition, critical clinical observations made COVID-19 patients include hypercoagulation, cardiomyopathy, heart arrythmia, endothelial dysfunction, which are indicative for an involvement vasculature pathology. Hence, review summarizes impact infection details how promotes (chronic) vascular inflammation. We provide general overview SARS-CoV-2, its entry determinant Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme II (ACE2) detection extrapulmonary tissue. Further, we describe relation between cardiovascular diseases (CVD) their Clinical findings changes reviewed detail recent evidence from vitro studies susceptibility cells discussed. conclude current notions contribution events long term consequences COVID-19, known “Long-COVID-syndrome”. Altogether, our provides detailed perspectives influence

Язык: Английский

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Long-Term Outcomes of Pediatric Infections: From Traditional Infectious Diseases to Long Covid

Future Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 17(7), С. 551 - 571

Опубликована: Март 10, 2022

There is limited evidence available on the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. In this article, authors analyze recent pediatric long Covid and lessons learnt from a post-Covid unit Rome, Italy. To gain better understanding concerns raised by parents physicians relation to potential consequences novel infection, it important recognize that effect post-infectious disease not new phenomenon.

Язык: Английский

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Combining L-Arginine with vitamin C improves long-COVID symptoms: The LINCOLN Survey

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 183, С. 106360 - 106360

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Hyperinflammatory Response in COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Viruses, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(2), С. 553 - 553

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

COVID-19 is a multisystemic disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The immunopathogenic conditions of hyperinflammatory response that cause systemic inflammation are extremely linked to its severity. This research sought review immunopathological elements contribute progression. systematic using PUBMED, LILACS, MEDLINE, and SCIELO databases articles between May 2020 July 2022 with following search terms in conjunction “AND”: “SARS-CoV-2”; “COVID-19”; “ARDS” “Cytokine Storm”. quality appraisal risk bias were assessed JBI checklists Cochrane Collaboration’s RoB 2.0 ROBINS-I tools, respectively, for vitro studies pre-defined standard literature. resulted 39 articles. main actors this denote SARS-CoV-2 Spike proteins, cellular proteases, leukocytes, cytokines, proteolytic cascades. “cytokine storm” itself brings several complications host through cytokines such as IL-6 chemokines (such CCL2), which influence tissue apoptosis pyroptosis. causes unfavorable outcomes patients, largely dysregulation immune should be controlled their recovery.

Язык: Английский

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Oral antiviral treatments for COVID-19: opportunities and challenges

Pharmacological Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 74(6), С. 1255 - 1278

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2022

The use of antiviral COVID-19 medications can successfully inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and prevent disease progression to a more severe form. However, the timing treatment plays crucial role in this regard. Oral drugs provide an opportunity manage infection without need for hospital admission, easing general burden that have on healthcare system. This review paper (i) presents potential pharmaceutical targets, including various host-based targets viral-based (ii) characterizes first-generation anti-SARS-CoV-2 oral (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir molnupiravir), (iii) summarizes clinical progress other antivirals COVID-19, (iv) discusses ethical issues such trials (v) challenges associated with practice. represent part strategy adapt long-term co-existence manner prevents from being overwhelmed. It is pivotal ensure equal fair global access currently available those authorized future.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 Causes Ferroptosis and Oxidative Stress in Human Endothelial Cells

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2), С. 326 - 326

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2023

Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction have been shown to play crucial roles in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). On these grounds, we sought investigate impact on lipid peroxidation ferroptosis human cells. We hypothesized that oxidative induced by cells could be linked outcome. Thus, collected serum from patients hospital admission, incubated sera with cells, comparing effects generation reactive oxygen species (ROS) between who survived did not survive. found non-survivors significantly increased peroxidation. Moreover, markedly regulated expression levels main markers ferroptosis, including GPX4, SLC7A11, FTH1, SAT1, a response was rescued silencing TNFR1 Taken together, our data indicate survive triggers

Язык: Английский

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