Frontiers in Oncology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Март 13, 2025
Background
and
Aims
This
study
aimed
to
evaluate
the
trends
in
incidence,
mortality,
disability-adjusted
life
years
(DALYs)
for
trachea,
bronchus,
lung
(TBL)
cancer
globally
East
Asia
from
1990
2021.
Methods
We
analyzed
TBL
data
Global
Burden
of
Disease
(GBD)
2021
study,
focusing
on
five
Asian
countries.
Socioeconomic
contexts
were
examined
using
sociodemographic
indices.
Trends
disease
metrics
time-segmented
link-point
regression
determine
average
annual
percentage
change
(AAPC).
A
Bayesian
Age-Period-Cohort
(BAPC)
model
was
applied
forecast
future
burden
2022
2030.
Results
Globally
Asia,
significant
increases
observed
DALYs
related
China
had
highest
rates
incidence
(934,704;
95%
UI,
750,040
1,136,938),
mortality
(814,364;
652,636
987,795),
(18,920,203;
15,100,681
23,111,519),
while
Mongolia
lowest.
Ambient
particulate
matter
pollution
identified
as
main
risk
factor
both
most
Notably,
global
spikes
occurred
during
1999-2012
2019-2021
(AAPC:
1.170
[95%,
1.115
1.225]
1.658
0.604
2.723],
respectively).
In
Mongolia,
showed
variable
trends.
The
DALY
attributed
population
aging
growth,
epidemiological
shifts
have
contributed
reduced
rates.
Except
Democratic
People’s
Republic
Korea,
generally
declining
across
other
Conclusion
There
has
been
a
increase
2021,
with
environmental
potentially
serving
strongly
correlated
factor.
is
an
urgent
need
enhance
prevention,
early
detection,
treatment
measures,
particularly
high-risk
regions.
CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025
ABSTRACT
Each
year,
the
American
Cancer
Society
estimates
numbers
of
new
cancer
cases
and
deaths
in
United
States
compiles
most
recent
data
on
population‐based
occurrence
outcomes
using
incidence
collected
by
central
registries
(through
2021)
mortality
National
Center
for
Health
Statistics
2022).
In
2025,
2,041,910
618,120
are
projected
to
occur
States.
The
rate
continued
decline
through
2022,
averting
nearly
4.5
million
since
1991
because
smoking
reductions,
earlier
detection
some
cancers,
improved
treatment.
Yet
alarming
disparities
persist;
Native
people
bear
highest
mortality,
including
rates
that
two
three
times
those
White
kidney,
liver,
stomach,
cervical
cancers.
Similarly,
Black
have
two‐fold
higher
than
prostate,
uterine
corpus
Overall
has
generally
declined
men
but
risen
women,
narrowing
male‐to‐female
ratio
(RR)
from
a
peak
1.6
(95%
confidence
interval,
1.57–1.61)
1992
1.1
1.12–1.12)
2021.
However,
women
aged
50–64
years
already
surpassed
(832.5
vs.
830.6
per
100,000),
younger
(younger
50
years)
an
82%
their
male
counterparts
(141.1
77.4
up
51%
2002.
Notably,
lung
among
65
2021
(15.7
15.4
100,000;
RR,
0.98,
p
=
0.03).
summary,
continues
decline,
future
gains
threatened
rampant
racial
inequalities
growing
burden
disease
middle‐aged
young
adults,
especially
women.
Continued
progress
will
require
investment
prevention
access
equitable
treatment,
individuals.
ABSTRACT
Background
The
mycobiome
in
the
tumor
microenvironment
of
non‐smokers
with
early‐stage
lung
adenocarcinoma
(ES‐LUAD)
has
been
minimally
investigated.
Methods
In
this
study,
we
conducted
ultra‐deep
metagenomic
and
transcriptomic
sequencing
on
128
samples
collected
from
46
nonsmoking
ES‐LUAD
patients
41
healthy
controls
(HC),
aiming
to
characterize
tumor‐resident
its
interactions
host.
Results
results
revealed
that
exhibited
fungal
dysbiosis
characterized
by
reduced
species
diversity
significant
imbalances
specific
abundances.
Concurrently,
microbial
functional
analysis
alterations
associated
genes
such
as
ribosomal
proteins
histones.
We
observed
correlations
between
Yarrowia
lipolytica
,
Saccharomyces
paradoxus
tumor‐infiltrating
immune
cells
(TIICs),
identified
a
strong
association
(|rho|
>
0.7)
S.
14
transcription
factors.
A
signature
three
prognostic
(GRIA1,
CDO1,
FHL1)
closely
was
they
suggest
interaction
host
may
contribute
prolonged
overall
survival
(OS).
Finally,
predictive
model
based
six
fungi
demonstrated
decent
classification
performance
distinguishing
cases
HCs
(AUC
=
0.724).
Conclusions
Our
study
demonstrates
transcriptome
within
tumors
help
elucidate
pathogenic
mechanisms
ES‐LUAD.
Fungi,
potential
tool,
can
be
used
an
additional
resource
for
accurately
detecting
discriminating
individuals
Lung
cancer
has
a
notably
high
incidence
and
mortality
rate,
understanding
its
occurrence
development
is
crucial
for
effective
treatment.
Circular
RNA
closely
associated
with
tumor
progression,
playing
role
in
tumorigenesis
by
regulating
gene
expression
influencing
cell
proliferation
apoptosis.
This
study
aims
to
explore
the
circFOXK2
NSCLC
elucidate
underlying
mechanisms.
qRT-PCR
Western
Blot
analyzed
expressions
of
circFOXK2,
STMN1,
PABPCA
lines,
as
well
their
relationships.
The
roles
STMN1
proliferation,
invasion,
migration
cells
were
assessed
through
CCK8,
EDU,
Transwell
experiments.
pulldown
assays
mass
spectrometry
elucidated
RNA-binding
proteins
circFOXK2.
Subcutaneous
tail
vein
lung
metastasis
experiments
impact
on
growth
vivo.
In
this
study,
we
identified
which
significantly
overexpressed
NSCLC,
bioinformatics
screening.
Elevated
levels
enhance
cells.
Furthermore,
such
co-IP
spectrometry,
found
that
interacts
PABPC1
form
complex,
correlates
positively
progression
tumors.
Simultaneously,
circFOXK2/PABPC1
complex
increases
stability
mRNA,
thereby
promoting
transcription
translation
STMN1.
Our
experimental
results
indicate
oncogenic
effect
requires
assistance
summary,
have
demonstrated
significant
NSCLC.
In
recent
years,
the
association
between
depression
and
various
chronic
diseases
has
attracted
widespread
attention.
However,
effect
of
on
lung
cancer
incidence
not
been
well
studied.
This
study
aimed
to
explore
whether
increases
analyze
mediating
moderating
roles
smoking
in
this
relationship.
used
large-scale
longitudinal
data
sourced
from
Women's
Health
Initiative,
encompassing
123,961
postmenopausal
women.
Depressive
symptoms
were
measured
using
8-item
Burnam
regression
algorithm
with
a
cut-point
0.06,
was
defined
as
either
depressive
or
antidepressant
use
at
baseline.
The
relationship
examined
multivariate
Cox
proportional
hazards
model.
A
four-way
decomposition
causal
mediation
approach
employed
investigate
potential
effects
smoking.
After
mean
follow-up
17.6
3434
cases
identified.
rate
higher
among
individuals
compared
those
without
(HR:
1.15,
95%
CI:
1.05-1.26).
Cigarette
partially
mediated
incidence,
explaining
about
27%
effect.
identified
significant
mediates
highlights
that
managing
may
play
key
role
reducing
risk
decreasing
tobacco
use.
Psychological
support
should
be
integrated
traditional
cessation
programs
for
prevention.