The Two-Way Polyphenols-Microbiota Interactions and Their Effects on Obesity and Related Metabolic Diseases

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 6

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2019

Metabolic diseases can change the gut microbiota composition and function, pathogenic bacteria contribute to development of metabolic disorders. Polyphenols may act in favor increase beneficial hamper bacteria. In addition, on polyphenols their bioavailability. This two-way interaction between could affect human metabolism reduce cardiometabolic risk. Despite possible benefits for health through modulating microbiome, studies are scarce present several limitations. review provides an overview polyphenol–microbiota its effects

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative Stress and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 11(4), С. 872 - 872

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2019

Aging is a complex phenomenon characterized by the progressive loss of tissue and organ function. The oxidative-stress theory aging postulates that age-associated functional losses are due to accumulation ROS-induced damage. Liver function impairment non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) common among elderly. NAFLD can progress steatohepatitis (NASH) evolve hepatic cirrhosis or carcinoma. Oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, inflammation play key role in progression NAFLD. A growing body evidence supports therapeutic potential omega-3 polyunsaturated acids (n-3 PUFA), mainly docosahaexenoic (DHA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), on metabolic diseases based their antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we performed systematic review clinical trials analyzing efficacy n-3 PUFA both systemic oxidative stress NAFLD/NASH features adults. As matter fact, it remains controversial whether effective counteract stress. On other hand, data suggest supplementation may be early stages NAFLD, but not patients with more severe NASH. Future perspectives relevant aspects should considered when planning new randomized controlled also discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota-derived succinate: Friend or foe in human metabolic diseases?

Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 20(4), С. 439 - 447

Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2019

Abstract There is now a wealth of evidence showing that communication between microbiota and the host critical to sustain vital functions healthy host, disruptions this homeostatic coexistence are known be associated with range diseases including obesity type 2 diabetes. Microbiota-derived metabolites act both as nutrients messenger molecules can signal distant organs in body shape pathophysiology. In review, we provide new perspective on succinate gut microbiota-derived metabolite key role governing intestinal homeostasis energy metabolism. Thus, not merely major intermediary TCA traditionally considered an extracellular danger but also by-product some bacteria primary cross-feeding resident microbes. addition maintain microbiome, specific peripheral tissues regulating nutrient metabolism should rule out. Indeed, recent research point probiotic interventions directed modulate levels lumen, microbiota-based therapies treat related co-morbidities. While further essential, large strategic mediator microbiota-host cross-talk, which might basis for therapeutically approaches near future.

Язык: Английский

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Microbial Medicine: Prebiotic and Probiotic Functional Foods to Target Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(8), С. 2890 - 2890

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2020

Obesity has become a global epidemic and public health crisis in the Western World, experiencing threefold increase prevalence since 1975. High-caloric diets sedentary lifestyles have been identified as significant contributors to this widespread issue, although role of genetic, social, environmental factors obesity’s pathogenesis remain incompletely understood. In recent years, much attention drawn contribution gut microbiota development obesity. Indeed, research shown that contrast their healthier counterparts microbiomes obese individuals are structurally functionally distinct, strongly suggesting microbiome potential target for obesity therapeutics. particular, pre probiotics emerged effective integrative means modulating microbiome, order reverse microbial dysbiosis associated with an phenotype. The following review brings forth animal human supporting myriad mechanisms by which affects obesity, well strengths limitations probiotic or prebiotic supplementation prevention treatment Finally, we set roadmap comprehensive functional food solutions combatting capitalize on pre/probiotic therapies optimizing host health.

Язык: Английский

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Demystifying the manipulation of host immunity, metabolism, and extraintestinal tumors by the gut microbiome

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 4(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2019

Abstract The trillions of microorganisms in the gut microbiome have attracted much attention recently owing to their sophisticated and widespread impacts on numerous aspects host pathophysiology. Remarkable progress large-scale sequencing mass spectrometry has increased our understanding influence and/or its metabolites onset progression extraintestinal cancers efficacy cancer immunotherapy. Given plasticity microbial composition function, microbial-based therapeutic interventions, including dietary modulation, prebiotics, probiotics, as well fecal transplantation, potentially permit development novel strategies for therapy improve clinical outcomes. Herein, we summarize latest evidence involvement immunity metabolism, effects immune response, modulate microbiome, discuss ongoing studies future areas research that deserve focused efforts.

Язык: Английский

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