Enumerating soil biodiversity

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(33)

Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2023

Soil is an immense habitat for diverse organisms across the tree of life, but just how many live in soil surprisingly unknown. Previous efforts to enumerate biodiversity consider only certain types (e.g., animals) or report values groups without partitioning species that versus other habitats. Here, we reviewed literature show likely home 59 ± 15% on Earth. We therefore estimate approximately two times greater than previous estimates, and include representatives from simplest (microbial) most complex (mammals) organisms. Enchytraeidae have greatest percentage (98.6%), followed by fungi (90%), Plantae (85.5%), Isoptera (84.2%). Our results demonstrate biodiverse singular habitat. By using this biodiversity, can more accurately quantitatively advocate organismal conservation restoration as a central goal Anthropocene.

Язык: Английский

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Patterns in soil microbial diversity across Europe

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2023

Factors driving microbial community composition and diversity are well established but the relationship with functioning is poorly understood, especially at large scales. We analysed biodiversity metrics distribution of potential functional groups along a gradient increasing land-use perturbation, detecting over 79,000 bacterial 25,000 fungal OTUs in 715 sites across 24 European countries. found lowest less-disturbed environments (woodlands) compared to grasslands highly-disturbed (croplands). Highly-disturbed contain significantly more chemoheterotrophs, harbour higher proportion plant pathogens saprotrophs, have less beneficial symbionts woodlands extensively-managed grasslands. Spatial patterns communities predicted functions best explained when interactions among major determinants (vegetation cover, climate, soil properties) considered. propose guidelines for environmental policy actions argue that taxonomical should be considered simultaneously monitoring purposes.

Язык: Английский

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Emerging contaminants: A One Health perspective

The Innovation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(4), С. 100612 - 100612

Опубликована: Март 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Genomic surveillance for antimicrobial resistance — a One Health perspective

Nature Reviews Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(2), С. 142 - 157

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Importance of Bacteroidetes in host–microbe interactions and ecosystem functioning

Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 31(9), С. 959 - 971

Опубликована: Май 10, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Soil microbiome indicators can predict crop growth response to large-scale inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Nature Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(12), С. 2277 - 2289

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2023

Alternative solutions to mineral fertilizers and pesticides that reduce the environmental impact of agriculture are urgently needed. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can enhance plant nutrient uptake stress; yet, large-scale field inoculation trials with AMF missing, so far, results remain unpredictable. We conducted on-farm experiments in 54 fields Switzerland quantified effects on maize growth. Growth response was highly variable, ranging from -12% +40%. With few soil parameters mainly microbiome indicators, we could successfully predict 86% variation growth inoculation. The abundance pathogenic fungi, rather than availability, best predicted (33%) success. Our indicate indicators offer a sustainable biotechnological perspective success at beginning growing season. This predictability increases profitability engineering as tool for agricultural management.

Язык: Английский

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Acidification suppresses the natural capacity of soil microbiome to fight pathogenic Fusarium infections

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2023

Soil-borne pathogens pose a major threat to food production worldwide, particularly under global change and with growing populations. Yet, we still know very little about how the soil microbiome regulates abundance of their impact on plant health. Here combined field surveys experiments investigate relationships properties structure function contrasting health outcomes. We find that acidification largely impacts bacterial communities reduces capacity soils combat fungal pathogens. In vitro assays microbiomes from acidified further highlight declined ability suppress Fusarium, globally important pathogen. Similarly, when inoculate healthy plants an microbiome, show greatly reduced prevent pathogen invasion. Finally, metagenome sequencing untargeted metabolomics reveals down regulation genes associated synthesis sulfur compounds reduction key traits related metabolism in acidic soils. Our findings suggest changes disruption specific microbial processes induced by can play critical role for

Язык: Английский

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Role of Soil Microbiota Enzymes in Soil Health and Activity Changes Depending on Climate Change and the Type of Soil Ecosystem

Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(2), С. 85 - 85

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024

The extracellular enzymes secreted by soil microorganisms play a pivotal role in the decomposition of organic matter and global cycles carbon (C), phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), also serving as indicators health fertility. Current research is extensively analyzing these microbial populations enzyme activities diverse ecosystems climatic regions, such forests, grasslands, tropics, arctic regions deserts. Climate change, warming, intensive agriculture are altering activities. Yet, few reviews have thoroughly explored key required for fertility effects abiotic factors on their functionality. A comprehensive review thus essential to better understand C, P, N cycles, response climate changes, ecosystems, farming, fertilization. Studies indicate that temperature, moisture, water content, pH, substrate availability, average annual temperature precipitation significantly impact Additionally, change has shown ambiguous activities, causing both reductions enhancements catalytic functions.

Язык: Английский

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Biochar as a sustainable tool for improving the health of salt-affected soils

Soil & Environmental Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 1(3), С. 100033 - 100033

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2023

Salt-affected soil has become one of the major threats to health. However, evaluation biochar amendment effects and underlying mechanisms on physical, chemical, biological indicators used for assessing health salt-affected is lacking. This review summarized performance in improving soils. Biochar addition significantly improved physico-chemical properties by enhancing aggregate stability (15.0–34.9%), porosity (8.9%), water retention capacity (7.8–18.2%), increasing cation exchange (21.1%), organic carbon (63.1%), nutrient availability (31.3–39.9%), as well decreasing bulk density (6.0%) alleviating salt stress (4.1–40.0%). Following incorporation, can also be improved, particularly microbial biomass (7.1–25.8%), facilitating enzyme activity (20.2–68.9%), ultimately plant growth. To properly assess soil, it important select related ecological service functions including production, quality, climate change, human will improve multifunctionality enhance current assessment methods. Finally, limitations future needs research biochar-based technologies soils are discussed. first conducted a global meta-analysis illustrating indicators. Moreover, offers valuable insights developing sustainable tools remediating soil.

Язык: Английский

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A genomic catalogue of soil microbiomes boosts mining of biodiversity and genetic resources

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2023

Abstract Soil harbors a vast expanse of unidentified microbes, termed as microbial dark matter, presenting an untapped reservoir biodiversity and genetic resources, but has yet to be fully explored. In this study, we conduct large-scale excavation soil matter by reconstructing 40,039 metagenome-assembled genome bins (the SMAG catalogue) from 3304 metagenomes. We identify 16,530 21,077 species-level (SGBs) unknown SGBs (uSGBs), which expand archaeal bacterial diversity across the tree life. also illustrate pivotal role uSGBs in augmenting microbiome’s functional landscape intra-species diversity, providing large proportions 43,169 biosynthetic gene clusters 8545 CRISPR-Cas genes. Additionally, determine that contributed 84.6% previously unexplored viral-host associations catalogue. The catalogue provides useful genomic resource for further studies investigating resources.

Язык: Английский

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