Sustainable wastewater reuse for agriculture

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(7), С. 504 - 521

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024

Effective management of water resources is crucial for global food security and sustainable development. In this Review, we explore the potential benefits challenges associated with treated wastewater (TW) reuse irrigation. Currently, 400 km3 yr−1 generated globally, but <20% treated, that TW, only 2–15% reused irrigation depending on region. The main limitation TW inability current treatment technologies to completely remove all micropollutants contaminants emerging concern, some which have unknown impacts crops, environment health. However, advanced schemes, supported by quality monitoring regulations, can provide a stable supply agricultural production, as demonstrated in regions such USA Israel. Such schemes could potentially serve net energy source, embedded exceeds needs 9 10 times. Agriculturally useful nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus potassium be also recovered reused. act major contributor circular economy development, first steps will funding implementation social acceptance. Treated alleviate imbalances boost production water-scarce regions, thus promoting security. This Review discusses widespread agriculture framework.

Язык: Английский

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Parameters for one health genomic surveillance of Escherichia coli from Australia

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Abstract Genomics is a cornerstone of modern pathogen epidemiology yet demonstrating transmission in One Health context challenging, as strains circulate and evolve within between diverse hosts environments. To identify phylogenetic linkages better define relevant measures genomic relatedness context, we collated 5471 Escherichia coli genome sequences from Australia originating humans ( n = 2996), wild animals 870), livestock 649), companion 375), environmental sources 292) food 289) spanning over 36 years. Of the 827 multi-locus sequence types (STs) identified, 10 STs were commonly associated with cross-source clusters, including highly clonal ST131, pandemic zoonotic lineages such ST95, emerging human ExPEC ST1193. Here, show that assessing relationships at ≤ 100 SNP threshold enabled detection linkage otherwise obscured when applying typical outbreak-oriented thresholds 20 SNPs) should be considered interrogation datasets.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Predicting and Combating Antimicrobial Resistance

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 27, С. 423 - 439

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to global public health. The current review synthesizes address the possible role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML) in mitigating AMR. Supervised learning, unsupervised deep reinforcement natural language processing are some main tools used this domain. AI/ML models can use various data sources, such as clinical information, genomic sequences, microbiome insights, epidemiological for predicting AMR outbreaks. Although relatively new fields, numerous case studies offer substantial evidence their successful application outbreaks with greater accuracy. These provide insights into discovery novel antimicrobials, repurposing existing drugs, combination therapy through analysis molecular structures. In addition, AI-based decision support systems real-time guide healthcare professionals improve prescribing antibiotics. also outlines how AI surveillance, analyze trends, enable early outbreak identification. Challenges, ethical considerations, privacy, model biases exist, however, continuous development methodologies enables play significant combating

Язык: Английский

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Antimicrobial resistance and genomic investigation of Salmonella isolated from retail foods in Guizhou, China

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

Introduction Salmonella is a major foodborne pathogen worldwide that causes severe morbidity and mortality. It mainly caused by consuming contaminated food, with retail food considered the primary source. Methods In Guizhou, China, 102 strains isolated from 2016 to 2021 underwent phenotypic antimicrobial resistance testing whole-genome sequencing (WGS) understand diversity, including serotypes, types (STs), genes, virulence plasmid types, multi-locus sequence (MLST), core genome MLST (cgMLST). Results discussion S.Typhimurium was dominant serotype, O:4(B) leading serogroup. The most prevalent genotype ST40. Phenotypic identified 66.7% of sampled isolates as multi-drug resistant (MDR). S.Enteritidis ( n = 7), 1), S.Indiana S. Kentucky Uganda all which were MDR, Colistin. Resistance rates varied significantly across different particularly meat products exhibiting higher resistance. Notably, significant increases in observed for following: ≥ 1 P 0.001), MDR ampicillin tetracycline &lt; chloramphenicol 0.030), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 0.003). marked escalation drug over recent years, coupled varying among sources, underscores growing public health concern. Our findings highlight need coordinated approach effectively monitor respond infections China.

Язык: Английский

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hAMRonization: Enhancing antimicrobial resistance prediction using the PHA4GE AMR detection specification and tooling

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

Abstract The detection of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) markers directly from genomic or metagenomic data is becoming a standard clinical and public health procedure. This has resulted in the development number different bioinformatic AMR prediction tools. Although many may implement similar principles, these tools differ significantly their supported inputs, search algorithms, parameterisation, underlying reference databases. Each generates report detected genes variants distinct, non-standard, format. presents huge barrier to comparison results modularity for gene within workflows. In collaboration with 17 laboratories across 10 countries, Public Health Alliance Genomic Epidemiology (PHA4GE) ( https://pha4ge.org ) structures working group developed piloted standardized output specification microbial genomes. this report, we discuss hAMRonization, python package command-line utility, which implements PHA4GE’s combine outputs disparate into single unified hAMRonization can be easily extended currently supports 18 (both species-agnostic species-specific) and/or conferring AMR. harmonized reports are available tabular form, JSON format through an interactive HTML file (e.g., https://maguire-lab.github.io/assets/interactive_report_demo.html that opened browser navigable exploration. As 2024-03-07 been downloaded ∼12,500 times, incorporated >9 workflows, internally adopted by several national international groups. tool open-source freely PyPI, conda GitHub https://github.com/pha4ge/hAMRonization ).

Язык: Английский

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Regional antimicrobial resistance gene flow among the One Health sectors in China

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to global health, with its spread intricately linked across human, animal, and environmental sectors. Revealing the antimicrobial gene (ARG) flow among One Health sectors is essential for better control of resistance. In this study, we investigated regional ARG transmission humans, food, environment in Dengfeng, Henan Province, China by combining large-scale metagenomic sequencing culturing resistant bacterial isolates 592 samples. A total 40 types 743 subtypes were identified, predominance multidrug genes. Compared microbes from human fecal samples, those food samples showed significantly higher load ARGs. We revealed that dietary habits occupational exposure affect abundance. Pseudomonadota, particularly Enterobacteriaceae, identified as main carriers shaping resistome. The resistome was found more affected mobile genetic elements (MGEs), whereas it associated microbial composition. evidenced horizontal transfer (HGT) mediated plasmids phages, together strain transmission, Enterobacteriaceae members, drive flow. Lifestyle, habits, are all correlated dissemination flies important potential sources ARGs humans. widespread carbapenemase gene, OXA-347, carried non-Enterobacteriaceae bacteria gut microbiota, requires particular attention. Finally, machine learning models based on microbiome profiles effective predicting presence carbapenem-resistant strains, suggesting valuable approach AMR surveillance. Our study provides full picture county-level city China, which facilitates understanding complex routes highlights new points focus surveillance control.

Язык: Английский

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Biased sampling confounds machine learning prediction of antimicrobial resistance

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a growing threat to human health. Increasingly, genome sequencing is being applied for the surveillance of bacterial pathogens, producing wealth data train machine learning (ML) applications predict AMR and identify determinants. However, populations are highly structured sampling biased towards disease isolates, meaning samples derived features not independent. This rarely considered in ML AMR. Here, we demonstrate confounding effects sample structure by analyzing over 24,000 whole sequences phenotypes from five diverse using pathological training where confounded with phylogeny. We show resulting models perform poorly, increasing size fails rescue performance. A comprehensive analysis 6,740 identifies species- drug-specific on model accuracy. provide concrete recommendations evaluating future approaches

Язык: Английский

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Flies as carriers of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria in Nigerian hospitals: A workflow for surveillance of AMR bacteria carried by arthropod pests in hospital settings

Environment International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 196, С. 109294 - 109294

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Combating Antimicrobial Resistance: A paradigm shift from general to precision medicine

Chemical Biology Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(2), С. 662 - 662

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global health. It makes treating bacterial infections increasingly difficult. AMR arises from various mechanisms of antibiotic including enzymatic inactivation, target alteration, efflux pumps, and decreased permeability. The limited often ineffective treatments relying on antibiotics their combinations result in increased morbidity mortality. Therefore, it is essential explore alternative methods for combating the challenge AMR. In recent years, there has been notable shift towards precision medicine battle against Precision medicine, characterized by its focus individualized treatment tailored patients' specific genetic makeup, offers paradigm addressing challenges. By pinpointing molecular targets responsible infection, enables more targeted effective therapies, minimizing risk antimicrobial development. can provide an option combat focusing infection. Bacteriophages peptides (AMPs) are groups antimicrobials that serve as novel alternatives challenge. They have potential be used therapy. Despite challenges such host range, which refers bacteria they infect, regulatory concerns related approval usage, bacteriophages proven causing infections. Meanwhile, AMPs approach antibiotic-resistant due low weight broad-spectrum activity. first line defense microorganisms. When alone or combined with other biomaterials increase therapeutic action, This review article aims comprehensive overview current understanding clinical conventional pressing URN:NBN:sciencein.cbl.2024.v11.662

Язык: Английский

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Public Health Implications of Antimicrobial Resistance in Wildlife at the One Health Interface

One Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 1

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) such as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and carbapenem-resistant (CARBA) Enterobacterales is a main global cause of human deaths major health burden to domestic animals. AMR circulation in wildlife has also been reported worldwide, but the public impact policy actions that could limit this remain unknown. Here, we summarize key trends wildlife, clarify use term 'reservoir' when referring identify whether national plans tackle Latin America Europe include discuss implications circulation. We provide recommendations for surveillance prevention among wild animals, well scientific knowledge gaps are hindering understanding its dynamics. expect our conclusions shed light on necessity degree control regarding at human–animal–environment interface.

Язык: Английский

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