Nano-Micro Letters,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Июль 18, 2022
As
the
indispensable
second
cellular
messenger,
calcium
signaling
is
involved
in
regulation
of
almost
all
physiological
processes
by
activating
specific
target
proteins.
The
importance
ions
(Ca
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
5(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2020
Ubiquitination,
an
important
type
of
protein
posttranslational
modification
(PTM),
plays
a
crucial
role
in
controlling
substrate
degradation
and
subsequently
mediates
the
"quantity"
"quality"
various
proteins,
serving
to
ensure
cell
homeostasis
guarantee
life
activities.
The
regulation
ubiquitination
is
multifaceted
works
not
only
at
transcriptional
levels
(phosphorylation,
acetylation,
methylation,
etc.)
but
also
level
(activators
or
repressors).
When
regulatory
mechanisms
are
aberrant,
altered
biological
processes
may
induce
serious
human
diseases,
especially
types
cancer.
In
tumorigenesis,
involve
tumor
metabolism,
immunological
microenvironment
(TME),
cancer
stem
(CSC)
stemness
so
on.
With
regard
some
key
proteins
such
as
RagA,
mTOR,
PTEN,
AKT,
c-Myc
P53
significantly
regulates
activity
mTORC1,
AMPK
PTEN-AKT
signaling
pathways.
addition,
TLR,
RLR
STING-dependent
pathways
modulates
TME.
Moreover,
core
regulator
triplets
(Nanog,
Oct4
Sox2)
members
Wnt
Hippo-YAP
participates
maintenance
CSC
stemness.
Based
on
components,
including
proteasome,
E3
ligases,
E1,
E2
deubiquitinases
(DUBs),
many
molecular
targeted
drugs
have
been
developed
combat
Among
them,
small
molecule
inhibitors
targeting
bortezomib,
carfilzomib,
oprozomib
ixazomib,
achieved
tangible
success.
MLN7243
MLN4924
(targeting
E1
enzyme),
Leucettamol
A
CC0651
nutlin
MI-219
compounds
G5
F6
DUB
activity)
shown
potential
preclinical
treatment.
this
review,
we
summarize
latest
progress
understanding
substrates
for
their
special
functions
metabolism
regulation,
TME
modulation
maintenance.
therapeutic
targets
reviewed,
effects
drugs.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
8
Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2021
Metabolic
reprogramming
has
been
widely
recognized
as
a
hallmark
of
malignancy.
The
uptake
and
metabolism
amino
acids
are
aberrantly
upregulated
in
many
cancers
that
display
addiction
to
particular
acids.
Amino
facilitate
the
survival
proliferation
cancer
cells
under
genotoxic,
oxidative,
nutritional
stress.
Thus,
targeting
acid
is
becoming
potential
therapeutic
strategy
for
patients.
In
this
review,
we
will
systematically
summarize
recent
progress
malignancy
discuss
their
interconnection
with
mammalian
target
rapamycin
complex
1
(mTORC1)
signaling,
epigenetic
modification,
tumor
growth
immunity,
ferroptosis.
Finally,
highlight
applications.