Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024
The
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
is
a
significant
constituent
of
tumors,
fulfilling
various
essential
functions
such
as
providing
mechanical
support,
influencing
the
microenvironment,
and
serving
reservoir
for
signaling
molecules.
abundance
degree
cross-linking
ECM
components
are
critical
determinants
tissue
stiffness.
In
process
tumorigenesis,
interaction
between
immune
cells
within
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
frequently
leads
to
stiffness,
thereby
disrupting
normal
mechanotransduction
promoting
malignant
progression.
Therefore,
acquiring
thorough
comprehension
dysregulation
TME
would
significantly
aid
in
identification
potential
therapeutic
targets
cancer
treatment.
this
regard,
we
have
compiled
comprehensive
summary
encompassing
following
aspects:
(1)
principal
their
roles
conditions;
(2)
intricate
TME;
(3)
pivotal
regulators
governing
onco-immune
response
ECM.
ABSTRACT
As
the
crucial
non-cellular
component
of
tissues,
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
provides
both
physical
support
and
signaling
regulation
to
cells.
Some
ECM
molecules
provide
a
fibrillar
environment
around
cells,
while
others
sheet-like
basement
membrane
scaffold
beneath
epithelial
In
this
Review,
we
focus
on
recent
studies
investigating
mechanical,
biophysical
cues
provided
developing
tissues
by
different
types
in
variety
organisms.
addition,
discuss
how
helps
regulate
tissue
morphology
during
embryonic
development
governing
key
elements
cell
shape,
adhesion,
migration
differentiation.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
13(19), С. 4985 - 4985
Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2021
Epithelial-mesenchymal
transition
(EMT)
is
a
reversible
plethora
of
molecular
events
where
epithelial
cells
gain
the
phenotype
mesenchymal
to
invade
surrounding
tissues.
EMT
physiological
event
during
embryogenesis
(type
I)
but
also
happens
fibrosis
II)
and
cancer
metastasis
III).
It
multifaceted
phenomenon
governed
by
activation
genes
associated
with
cell
migration,
extracellular
matrix
degradation,
DNA
repair,
angiogenesis.
The
employ
acquire
ability
migrate,
resist
therapeutic
agents
escape
immunity.
One
key
biomarkers
vimentin,
type
III
intermediate
filament
that
normally
expressed
in
upregulated
metastasis.
This
review
highlights
pivotal
role
vimentin
explains
its
as
downstream
well
an
upstream
regulator
this
highly
complex
process.
areas
require
further
research
exploring
EMT.
As
cytoskeletal
protein,
filaments
support
mechanical
integrity
migratory
machinery,
generation
directional
force,
focal
adhesion
modulation
attachment.
viscoelastic
scaffold,
it
gives
stress-bearing
flexible
organelles.
However,
modulates
for
inducers
such
Snail,
Slug,
Twist
ZEB1/2,
epigenetic
factors.
In
addition,
suppresses
cellular
differentiation
upregulates
their
pluripotent
potential
inducing
self-renewability,
thus
increasing
stemness
stem
cells,
facilitating
tumour
spread
making
them
more
resistant
treatments.
Several
missense
frameshift
mutations
reported
human
cancers
may
contribute
towards
metastatic
spread.
Therefore,
we
propose
should
be
target
using
technologies
will
curb
growth
reduced
mortality
morbidity.
For
decades,
immunologists
have
studied
the
role
of
circulating
immune
cells
in
host
protection,
with
a
more
recent
appreciation
resident
within
tissue
microenvironment
and
intercommunication
between
nonhematopoietic
cells.
However,
extracellular
matrix
(ECM),
which
comprises
at
least
third
structures,
remains
relatively
underexplored
immunology.
Similarly,
biologists
often
overlook
regulation
complex
structural
matrices
by
system.
We
are
only
beginning
to
understand
scale
ECM
structures
determine
cell
localization
function.
Additionally,
we
need
better
how
dictate
complexity.
This
review
aims
highlight
potential
for
biological
discovery
interface
immunology
biology.
