Diet for the prevention and management of sarcopenia

Metabolism, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 146, С. 155637 - 155637

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2023

Sarcopenia is a geriatric condition characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, with an increased risk adverse health outcomes (e.g., falls, disability, institutionalization, reduced quality life, mortality). Pharmacological remedies are currently unavailable for preventing the development sarcopenia, halting its progression, or impeding negative outcomes. The most effective strategies to contrast sarcopenia rely on adoption healthier lifestyle behaviors, including adherence high-quality diets regular physical activity. In this review, role nutrition in prevention management summarized. Special attention given current "blockbuster" dietary regimes agents used counteract age-related wasting, together their putative mechanisms action. Issues related design implementation nutritional discussed, focus unanswered questions appropriate timing interventions preserve function into old age. A brief description also provided new technologies that can facilitate personalized plans sarcopenia.

Язык: Английский

---

Macromolecule–Nanoparticle-Based Hybrid Materials for Biosensor Applications

Biosensors, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(6), С. 277 - 277

Опубликована: Май 28, 2024

Biosensors function as sophisticated devices, converting biochemical reactions into electrical signals. Contemporary emphasis on developing biosensor devices with refined sensitivity and selectivity is critical due to their extensive functional capabilities. However, a significant challenge lies in the binding affinity of biosensors biomolecules, requiring adept conversion amplification interactions various signal modalities like electrical, optical, gravimetric, electrochemical outputs. Overcoming challenges associated sensitivity, detection limits, response time, reproducibility, stability essential for efficient creation. The central aspect fabrication any focused towards forming an effective interface between analyte electrode which significantly influences overall quality. Polymers macromolecular systems are favored distinct properties versatile applications. Enhancing conductivity these can be achieved through incorporating nanoparticles or carbonaceous moieties. Hybrid composite materials, possessing unique combination attributes advanced selectivity, thermal stability, mechanical flexibility, biocompatibility, tunable properties, emerge promising candidates In addition, this approach enhances response, amplification, fabricated biosensors, contributing effectiveness. This review predominantly explores recent advancements utilizing macrocyclic conjugated systems, such phthalocyanines, porphyrins, polymers, etc. hybrids, specific focus biosensors. It comprehensively covers synthetic strategies, working mechanisms, potential detecting biomolecules glucose, hydrogen peroxide, uric acid, ascorbic dopamine, cholesterol, amino acids, cancer cells. Furthermore, delves progress made, elucidating mechanisms responsible amplification. Conclusion addresses future directions macromolecule-based hybrids applications, providing concise overview evolving field. narrative emphasizes importance technology advancement, illustrating role smart design material enhancement improving performance across domains.

Язык: Английский

---

Protein-based bioactive coatings: from nanoarchitectonics to applications

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 53(3), С. 1514 - 1551

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Assembly strategy and application direction of protein-based bioactive coatings.

Язык: Английский

---

Hepatic malonyl-CoA synthesis restrains gluconeogenesis by suppressing fat oxidation, pyruvate carboxylation, and amino acid availability

Cell Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(5), С. 1088 - 1104.e12

Опубликована: Март 5, 2024

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) promotes prandial liver metabolism by producing malonyl-CoA, a substrate for de novo lipogenesis and an inhibitor of CPT-1-mediated fat oxidation. We report that inhibition ACC also produces unexpected secondary effects on metabolism. Liver-specific double ACC1/2 knockout (LDKO) or pharmacologic increased anaplerosis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, gluconeogenesis activating hepatic CPT-1 pyruvate flux in the fed state. Fasting should have marginalized role ACC, but LDKO mice maintained elevated TCA intermediates preserved glycemia during fasting. These were accompanied compensatory induction proteolysis amino supply gluconeogenesis, which was offset protein synthesis feeding. Such adaptations may be related to Nrf2 activity, induced correlated with fasting acids. The findings reveal roles malonyl-CoA provide insight into broader inhibition.

Язык: Английский

---

Physiologic disruption and metabolic reprogramming in infection and sepsis

Cell Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(5), С. 927 - 946

Опубликована: Март 20, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

The serine synthesis pathway drives osteoclast differentiation through epigenetic regulation of NFATc1 expression

Nature Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6(1), С. 141 - 152

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2024

Bone-resorbing osteoclasts are vital for postnatal bone health, as increased differentiation or activity results in skeletal pathologies such osteoporosis. The metabolism of mature differs from their progenitor cells, but whether the observed metabolic changes secondary to altered cell state actively drive process is unknown. Here, we show that transient activation serine synthesis pathway (SSP) essential osteoclastogenesis, deletion rate-limiting enzyme phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase osteoclast progenitors impairs and mass. In addition, pharmacological inhibition abrogated loss a mouse model postmenopausal osteoporosis by blocking resorption. Mechanistically, SSP-derived α-ketoglutarate necessary histone demethylases remove repressive methylation marks at nuclear factor activated T cytoplasmic 1 (Nfatc1) gene locus, thereby inducing NFATc1 expression consequent maturation. Taken together, this study reveals metabolic-epigenetic coupling mechanism directs suggests SSP can be therapeutically targeted prevent osteoporotic loss.

Язык: Английский

---

Redox regulation: mechanisms, biology and therapeutic targets in diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Март 7, 2025

Redox signaling acts as a critical mediator in the dynamic interactions between organisms and their external environment, profoundly influencing both onset progression of various diseases. Under physiological conditions, oxidative free radicals generated by mitochondrial respiratory chain, endoplasmic reticulum, NADPH oxidases can be effectively neutralized NRF2-mediated antioxidant responses. These responses elevate synthesis superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, well key molecules like nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) glutathione (GSH), thereby maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Disruption this finely tuned equilibrium is closely linked to pathogenesis wide range Recent advances have broadened our understanding molecular mechanisms underpinning dysregulation, highlighting pivotal roles genomic instability, epigenetic modifications, protein degradation, metabolic reprogramming. findings provide foundation for exploring regulation mechanistic basis improving therapeutic strategies. While antioxidant-based therapies shown early promise conditions where stress plays primary pathological role, efficacy diseases characterized complex, multifactorial etiologies remains controversial. A deeper, context-specific signaling, particularly redox-sensitive proteins, designing targeted aimed at re-establishing balance. Emerging small molecule inhibitors that target specific cysteine residues proteins demonstrated promising preclinical outcomes, setting stage forthcoming clinical trials. In review, we summarize current intricate relationship disease also discuss how these insights leveraged optimize strategies practice.

Язык: Английский

---

Roles of protein post-translational modifications in glucose and lipid metabolism: mechanisms and perspectives

Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(1)

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2023

Abstract The metabolism of glucose and lipids is essential for energy production in the body, dysregulation metabolic pathways these molecules implicated various acute chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, atherosclerosis (AS), obesity, tumor, sepsis. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) proteins, which involve addition or removal covalent functional groups, play a crucial role regulating protein structure, localization function, activity. Common PTMs include phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, methylation, glycosylation. Emerging evidence indicates that are significant modulating lipid by modifying key enzymes proteins. In this review, we summarize current understanding regulatory mechanisms metabolism, with focus on their involvement disease progression associated aberrant metabolism. Furthermore, discuss future prospects PTMs, highlighting potential gaining deeper insights into related diseases.

Язык: Английский

---

An evolving view of complex II—noncanonical complexes, megacomplexes, respiration, signaling, and beyond

Journal of Biological Chemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 299(6), С. 104761 - 104761

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023

Mitochondrial complex II is traditionally studied for its participation in two key respiratory processes: the electron transport chain and Krebs cycle. There now a rich body of literature explaining how contributes to respiration. However, more recent research shows that not all pathologies associated with altered activity clearly correlate this role. Complex has been shown be necessary range biological processes peripherally related respiration, including metabolic control, inflammation, cell fate. Integration findings from multiple types studies suggests both participates respiration controls succinate-dependent signal transduction pathways. Thus, emerging view true function well beyond This review uses semichronological approach highlight major paradigm shifts occurred over time. Special emphasis given recently identified functions subunits because these have infused new directions into an established field.

Язык: Английский

---

Spatial multi-omics: deciphering technological landscape of integration of multi-omics and its applications

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2024

The emergence of spatial multi-omics has helped address the limitations single-cell sequencing, which often leads to loss context among cell populations. Integrated analysis genome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and epigenome enhanced our understanding biology molecular basis human diseases. Moreover, this approach offers profound insights into interactions between intracellular intercellular mechanisms involved in development, physiology, pathogenesis In comprehensive review, we examine current advancements technologies, focusing on their evolution refinement over past decade, including improvements throughput resolution, modality integration, accuracy. We also discuss pivotal contributions revealing heterogeneity, constructing detailed atlases, deciphering crosstalk tumor immunology, advancing translational research cancer therapy through precise mapping.

Язык: Английский

---