Glia,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
72(10), С. 1728 - 1745
Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes
continue
to
differentiate
from
their
precursor
cells
even
in
adulthood,
a
process
that
can
be
modulated
by
neuronal
activity
and
experience.
Previous
work
has
indicated
conditional
ablation
of
oligodendrogenesis
adult
mice
leads
learning
memory
deficits
range
behavioral
tasks.
The
current
study
replicated
re‐evaluated
evidence
for
role
motor
learning,
using
complex
running
wheel
task.
Further,
we
found
ablating
alters
brain
microstructure
(ex
vivo
MRI)
(in
EEG)
independent
experience
with
the
This
suggests
oligodendrocyte
formation
maintenance
function
indicates
task‐independent
changes
due
need
considered
when
interpreting
this
model.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024
Abstract
The
human
gastrointestinal
tract
is
populated
with
a
diverse
microbial
community.
vast
genetic
and
metabolic
potential
of
the
gut
microbiome
underpins
its
ubiquity
in
nearly
every
aspect
biology,
including
health
maintenance,
development,
aging,
disease.
advent
new
sequencing
technologies
culture-independent
methods
has
allowed
researchers
to
move
beyond
correlative
studies
toward
mechanistic
explorations
shed
light
on
microbiome–host
interactions.
Evidence
unveiled
bidirectional
communication
between
central
nervous
system,
referred
as
“microbiota–gut–brain
axis”.
microbiota–gut–brain
axis
represents
an
important
regulator
glial
functions,
making
it
actionable
target
ameliorate
development
progression
neurodegenerative
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
mechanisms
As
provides
essential
cues
microglia,
astrocytes,
oligodendrocytes,
examine
communications
microbiota
these
cells
during
healthy
states
Subsequently,
diseases
using
metabolite-centric
approach,
while
also
examining
role
microbiota-related
neurotransmitters
hormones.
Next,
targeting
intestinal
barrier,
blood–brain
meninges,
peripheral
immune
system
counteract
dysfunction
neurodegeneration.
Finally,
conclude
by
assessing
pre-clinical
clinical
evidence
probiotics,
prebiotics,
fecal
transplantation
A
thorough
comprehension
will
foster
effective
therapeutic
interventions
for
management
Translational Neurodegeneration,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2023
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte
progenitor
cells
(OPCs)
play
pivotal
roles
in
myelin
formation
and
phagocytosis,
communicating
with
neighboring
contributing
to
the
integrity
of
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB).
However,
under
pathological
circumstances
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD),
brain’s
microenvironment
undergoes
detrimental
changes
that
significantly
impact
OPCs
their
functions.
Starting
OPC
functions,
we
delve
into
transformation
myelin-producing
oligodendrocytes,
intricate
signaling
interactions
other
central
nervous
system
(CNS),
fascinating
process
which
influences
function
affects
CNS
homeostasis.
Moreover,
discuss
essential
role
BBB
highlight
critical
contribution
forming
CNS-protective
barriers.
In
context
AD,
deterioration
local
brain
is
discussed,
mainly
focusing
on
neuroinflammation,
oxidative
stress,
accumulation
toxic
proteins.
The
disturb
delicate
balance
brain,
impacting
regenerative
capacity
compromising
integrity.
Under
conditions,
experience
significant
alterations
migration
proliferation,
leading
impaired
differentiation
a
reduced
ability
produce
mature
oligodendrocytes.
degeneration
become
increasingly
active
progressive
neurodegeneration.
Finally,
summarize
current
therapeutic
approaches
targeting
AD.
Strategies
revitalize
senescence,
modulate
pathways
enhance
differentiation,
explore
potential
avenues
are
promising
alleviating
AD
function.
conclusion,
this
review
highlights
indispensable
involvement
pathogenesis
interplay
between
underscores
complexity
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Insights
from
studying
conditions
provide
foundation
for
innovative
strategies
fostering
Future
research
will
advance
our
understanding
management
diseases,
ultimately
offering
hope
effective
treatments
improved
quality
life
those
affected
by
related
disorders.
Nature Metabolism,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 24, 2025
Here
we
use
magnetic
resonance
imaging
to
study
the
impact
of
marathon
running
on
brain
structure
in
humans.
We
show
that
signal
for
myelin
water
fraction—a
surrogate
content—is
substantially
reduced
upon
specific
regions
involved
motor
coordination
and
sensory
emotional
integration,
but
recovers
within
two
months.
These
findings
suggest
content
is
temporarily
reversibly
diminished
by
severe
exercise,
a
finding
consistent
with
recent
evidence
from
rodent
studies
lipids
may
act
as
glial
energy
reserves
extreme
metabolic
conditions.
Using
runners,
Ramos-Cabrer,
Cabrera-Zubizarreta
et
al.
report
detected
significantly
after
fully
recovered
Physical review. E,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
110(2)
Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2024
Consciousness
within
the
brain
hinges
on
synchronized
activities
of
millions
neurons,
but
mechanism
responsible
for
orchestrating
such
synchronization
remains
elusive.
In
this
study
we
employ
cavity
quantum
electrodynamics
to
explore
entangled
biphoton
generation
through
cascade
emission
in
vibration
spectrum
C-H
bonds
lipid
molecules'
tails.
The
results
indicate
that
cylindrical
formed
by
a
myelin
sheath
can
facilitate
spontaneous
photon
from
vibrational
modes
and
generate
significant
number
pairs.
abundance
bond
units
neurons
therefore
serve
as
source
entanglement
resources
nervous
system.
These
findings
may
offer
insight
into
brain's
ability
leverage
these
information
transfer,
thereby
elucidating
potential
activity
neurons.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2024
Abstract
Zika
virus
(ZikV)
infection
during
pregnancy
can
cause
congenital
syndrome
(CZS)
and
neurodevelopmental
delay
in
infants,
of
which
the
pathogenesis
remains
poorly
understood.
We
utilize
an
established
female
pigtail
macaque
maternal-to-fetal
ZikV
infection/exposure
model
to
study
fetal
brain
pathophysiology
CZS
manifesting
from
exposure
utero.
find
prenatal
leads
profound
disruption
myelin,
with
extensive
downregulation
gene
expression
for
key
components
oligodendrocyte
maturation
myelin
production.
Immunohistochemical
analyses
reveal
marked
decreases
basic
protein
intensity
myelinated
fiber
density
ZikV-exposed
animals.
At
ultrastructural
level,
sheath
animals
shows
multi-focal
decompaction,
occurring
concomitant
dysregulation
maturation.
These
findings
define
neuropathological
profiles
ZikV-linked
injury
underlying
resulting
Because
is
critical
cortical
development,
ZikV-related
perturbations
function
may
have
long-term
consequences
on
childhood
neurodevelopment,
even
absence
overt
microcephaly.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(19), С. 10535 - 10535
Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2024
Progress
made
by
the
medical
community
in
increasing
lifespans
comes
with
costs
of
incidence
and
prevalence
age-related
diseases,
neurodegenerative
ones
included.
Aging
is
associated
a
series
morphological
changes
at
tissue
cellular
levels
brain,
as
well
impairments
signaling
pathways
gene
transcription,
which
lead
to
synaptic
dysfunction
cognitive
decline.
Although
we
are
not
able
pinpoint
exact
differences
between
healthy
aging
neurodegeneration,
research
increasingly
highlights
involvement
neuroinflammation
chronic
systemic
inflammation
(inflammaging)
development
age-associated
via
pathogenic
cascades,
triggered
dysfunctions
circadian
clock,
gut
dysbiosis,
immunosenescence,
or
impaired
cholinergic
signaling.
In
addition,
gender
susceptibility
course
neurodegeneration
that
appear
be
mediated
glial
cells
emphasize
need
for
future
this
area
an
individualized
therapeutic
approach.
rejuvenation
still
its
very
early
infancy,
accumulated
knowledge
on
various
involved
promoting
senescence
opens
perspective
interfering
these
preventing
delaying
senescence.
Trends in Neurosciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
47(9), С. 677 - 692
Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2024
Traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI)
is
a
complex
condition
that
can
resolve
over
time
but
all
too
often
leads
to
persistent
symptoms,
and
the
risk
of
poor
patient
outcomes
increases
with
aging.
TBI
damages
neurons
long
axons
within
white
matter
tracts
are
critical
for
communication
between
regions;
this
causes
slowed
information
processing
neuronal
circuit
dysfunction.
This
review
focuses
on
after
multifactorial
processes
underlie
damage,
potential
recovery,
progression
degeneration.
A
multiscale
perspective
across
clinical
preclinical
advances
presented
encourage
interdisciplinary
insights
from
whole-brain
neuroimaging
down
cellular
molecular
responses
axons,
myelin,
glial
cells
tissue.
