Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 48(1), С. 186 - 190
Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2022
Язык: Английский
World Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(2), С. 236 - 262
Опубликована: Май 9, 2023
The field of psychiatry is hampered by a lack robust, reliable and valid biomarkers that can aid in objectively diagnosing patients providing individualized treatment recommendations. Here we review critically evaluate the evidence for most promising psychiatric neuroscience literature autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders post‐traumatic stress major depression bipolar substance use disorders. Candidate reviewed include various neuroimaging, genetic, molecular peripheral assays, purposes determining susceptibility or presence illness, predicting response safety. This highlights critical gap biomarker validation process. An enormous societal investment over past 50 years has identified numerous candidate biomarkers. However, to date, overwhelming majority these measures have not been proven sufficiently reliable, useful be adopted clinically. It time consider whether strategic investments might break this impasse, focusing on limited number candidates advance through process definitive testing specific indication. Some N170 signal, an event‐related brain potential measured using electroencephalography, subgroup identification within disorder; striatal resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measures, such as connectivity index (SCI) abnormalities (FSA) index, prediction schizophrenia; error‐related negativity (ERN), electrophysiological first onset generalized structural connectomic social disorder. Alternate forms classification may conceptualizing Collaborative efforts allowing inclusion biosystems beyond genetics neuroimaging are needed, online remote acquisition selected naturalistic setting mobile health tools significantly field. Setting benchmarks well‐defined target application, along with development appropriate funding partnership mechanisms, would also crucial. Finally, it should never forgotten that, actionable, will need clinically predictive at individual level viable clinical settings.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
168
Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13
Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2022
Mood disorders, also often referred to as affective are a group of psychiatric illnesses that severely impact mood and its related functions. The high medical expenditures have placed significant financial burden on patients their families. Aromatherapy is an alternative complementary treatment utilizes essential oils (EOs) or volatile (VOs) achieve major therapeutic goals. In general, EOs chemicals enter the body primarily through skin absorption and/or nasal inhalation. addition, they can work oral administration. Inhalation aromatherapy has shown unique advantages for treating especially depression, anxiety mental disorders such sleep disorder, which been validated over last decade clinical animal studies. Accumulating evidence VOs bypass blood-brain barrier target brain tissue nasal-brain pathway. Subsequently, act cerebral cortex, thalamus, limbic system in improve symptoms anxiety, depression quality. Here, we review natural aromatic plants’ volatiles used commonly adjuncts manage illustrate mechanisms inhalation aromatherapy, mainly summarized application transnasal disorders. We conclude does not cause side-effects, vastly different from psychotropic drugs. via brain-targeted delivery offers potentially efficacious merits further study.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
93
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(12), С. 6521 - 6521
Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024
Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in brain wherein it controls cognitive functional domains and mood. Indeed, areas involved memory formation consolidation as well fear emotional processing, such hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, amygdala, are predominantly glutamatergic. To ensure physiological activity of brain, glutamatergic transmission finely tuned at synaptic sites. Disruption mechanisms responsible for glutamate homeostasis may result accumulation excessive levels, which turn leads to increased calcium mitochondrial abnormalities, oxidative stress, eventually cell atrophy death. This condition known glutamate-induced excitotoxicity considered a pathogenic mechanism several diseases central nervous system, including neurodevelopmental, substance abuse, psychiatric disorders. On other hand, these disorders share neuroplasticity impairments areas, accompanied by structural remodeling neurons. In current narrative review, we will summarize role both pathophysiology therapeutic interventions neurodevelopmental adult mental with focus on autism spectrum disorders, drugs under preclinical clinical development treatment different that dysfunctions. Although evidence still limited more studies required, regulation attracting attention potential crucial target control diseases.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
23
Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 44(5), С. 913 - 930
Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
62
Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 27(7), С. 3056 - 3068
Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
46
Neuropharmacology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 226, С. 109418 - 109418
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023
Psychiatric disorders associated with psychological trauma, stress and anxiety are a highly prevalent increasing cause of morbidity worldwide. Current therapeutic approaches, including medication, effective in alleviating symptoms posttraumatic disorder (PTSD), at least some individuals, but have unwanted side-effects do not resolve underlying pathophysiology. After period stagnation, there is renewed enthusiasm from public, academic commercial parties designing developing drug treatments for these disorders. Here, we aim to provide snapshot the current state this field that written neuropharmacologists, also practicing clinicians interested lay-reader. introducing currently available treatments, summarize recent/ongoing clinical assessment novel medicines PTSD, grouped according primary neurochemical targets their potential produce acute and/or enduring effects. The evaluation putative targeting monoamine (including psychedelics), GABA, glutamate, cannabinoid, cholinergic neuropeptide systems, amongst others, discussed. We emphasize importance clinically assessing new medications based on firm understanding neurobiology stemming rapid advances being made neuroscience. This includes harnessing neuroplasticity bring about lasting beneficial changes brain rather than – as many transient attenuation symptoms, exemplified by combining psychotropic/cognitive enhancing drugs psychotherapeutic approaches. conclude noting other emerging trends promising phase development.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
39
Drug Discovery Today, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(4), С. 103518 - 103518
Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
38
Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 49(1), С. 83 - 95
Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
33
Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14
Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2023
While contemporary psychiatry seeks the mechanisms of mental disorders in neurobiology, health problems clearly depend on developmental processes learning and adaptation through ongoing interactions with social environment. Symptoms or emerge specific contexts involve predicaments that cannot be fully characterized terms brain function but require a larger social-ecological view. Causal result can begin anywhere within extended system body-person-environment. In particular, individuals' narrative self-construal, culturally mediated interpretations symptoms coping strategies as well responses others world contribute to disorders, illness experience, recovery. this paper, we outline conceptual basis practical implications hierarchical ecosocial systems view for an integrative approach psychiatric theory practice. The cultural-ecosocial propose understands mind, person situated constituted by cultural self-reflexive processes. This incorporated into pragmatic clinical assessment case formulation characterizes pathology identifies targets intervention.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
31
Current Neuropharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(4), С. 636 - 735
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can occur following exposure to traumatic experience. An estimated 12 million U.S. adults are presently affected by this disorder. Current treatments include psychological therapies (e.g., exposure-based interventions) and pharmacological selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)). However, significant proportion of patients receiving standard-of-care for PTSD remain symptomatic, new approaches other trauma-related conditions greatly needed. Psychedelic compounds alter cognition, perception, mood currently being examined their efficacy in treating despite current status as Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)- scheduled substances. Initial clinical trials have demonstrated the potential value psychedelicassisted therapy treat psychiatric disorders. In comprehensive review, we summarize state science care, including shortcomings. We review studies psychedelic interventions PTSD, disorders, common comorbidities. The classic psychedelics psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) DMT-containing ayahuasca, well entactogen 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) dissociative anesthetic ketamine, reviewed. For each drug, present history use, somatic effects, pharmacology, safety profile. rationale proposed mechanisms use traumarelated disorders discussed. This concludes with an in-depth consideration future directions applications maximize therapeutic benefit minimize risk individuals communities impacted conditions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
17