Theranostics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(4), С. 1496 - 1523
Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2024
The
human
body
is
an
intricate
system,
where
diverse
and
complex
signaling
among
different
organs
sustains
physiological
activities.
eye,
as
a
primary
organ
for
information
acquisition,
not
only
plays
crucial
role
in
visual
perception
but
also,
increasing
evidence
suggests,
exerts
broad
influence
on
the
entire
through
circuits
upon
receiving
light
signals
which
called
non-image-forming
vision.
However,
extent
mechanisms
of
light's
impact
eyes
remain
insufficiently
explored.
There
also
dearth
comprehensive
reviews
elucidating
interplay
between
light,
systemic
connections
to
body.
Herein,
we
propose
concept
light-eye-body
axis
systematically
encapsulate
extensive
effects
received
by
retina
We
reviewed
visual-neural
structure
basis
axis,
summarized
mechanism
regulate
whole
current
research
status
challenges
within
pathological
processes
involved
axis.
Future
should
aim
expand
explore
its
deeper
mechanisms.
Understanding
investigating
will
contribute
improving
lighting
conditions
optimize
health
guide
establishment
phototherapy
standards
clinical
practice.
Fragile
X
syndrome
(FXS)
is
a
neurodevelopmental
disorder
caused
by
the
abnormal
expansion
of
CGG
repeats
in
fragile
mental
retardation
1
(FMR1)
gene.
Many
FXS
patients
experience
sleep
disruptions,
and
we
sought
to
explore
these
symptoms
along
with
possible
benefits
scheduled
feeding
intervention
using
Fmr1
knockout
(KO)
mouse
model.
These
mutants
displayed
clear
evidence
for
circadian
disturbances
including
delay
onset
fragmented
activity
rhythms
increases
cycle-to-cycle
variability.
Importantly,
KO
mice
exhibited
deficits
their
behavioral
response
light
reduced
masking,
longer
time
resetting
shifts
Light-Dark
cycle,
altered
synchronization
skeleton
photoperiod
lower
magnitude
light-induced
phase
rhythms.
Investigation
retinal
input
surprachiasmatic
nucleus
(SCN)
neurotracer
cholera
toxin
(β
subunit)
quantification
light-evoked
cFos
expression
SCN
revealed
an
innervation
KO,
providing
mechanistic
explanation
observed
deficits.
Interestingly,
disruptions
social
repetitive
behaviors
correlated
duration
fragmentation.
Understanding
nature
deficits,
decided
apply
regimen
(6-hr/18-hr
feed/fast
cycle)
as
circadian-based
strategy
boast
independently
light.
This
significantly
improved
mutants.
Strikingly,
ameliorated
interactions
well
levels
Interferon-gamma
Interleukin-12
mutants,
suggesting
that
timed
eating
may
be
effective
way
lessen
inflammation.
Collectively,
this
work
adds
support
efforts
develop
based
interventions
help
disorders.
Fragile
X
syndrome
(FXS)
is
a
neurodevelopmental
disorder
caused
by
the
abnormal
expansion
of
CGG
repeats
in
fragile
mental
retardation
1
(FMR1)
gene.
Many
FXS
patients
experience
sleep
disruptions,
and
we
sought
to
explore
these
symptoms
along
with
possible
benefits
scheduled
feeding
intervention
using
Fmr1
knockout
(KO)
mouse
model.
These
mutants
displayed
clear
evidence
for
circadian
disturbances
including
delay
onset
fragmented
activity
rhythms
increases
cycle-to-cycle
variability.
Importantly,
KO
mice
exhibited
deficits
their
behavioral
response
light
reduced
masking,
longer
time
resetting
shifts
Light-Dark
cycle,
altered
synchronization
skeleton
photoperiod
lower
magnitude
light-induced
phase
rhythms.
Investigation
retinal
input
surprachiasmatic
nucleus
(SCN)
neurotracer
cholera
toxin
(β
subunit)
quantification
light-evoked
cFos
expression
SCN
revealed
an
innervation
KO,
providing
mechanistic
explanation
observed
deficits.
Interestingly,
disruptions
social
repetitive
behaviors
correlated
duration
fragmentation.
Understanding
nature
deficits,
decided
apply
regimen
(6-hr/18-hr
feed/fast
cycle)
as
circadian-based
strategy
boast
independently
light.
This
significantly
improved
mutants.
Strikingly,
ameliorated
interactions
well
levels
Interferon-gamma
Interleukin-12
mutants,
suggesting
that
timed
eating
may
be
effective
way
lessen
inflammation.
Collectively,
this
work
adds
support
efforts
develop
based
interventions
help
disorders.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
19
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025
Glutamate
represents
the
dominant
neurotransmitter
that
conveys
light
information
to
brain,
including
suprachiasmatic
nucleus
(SCN),
central
pacemaker
for
circadian
system.
The
neuronal
and
astrocytic
glutamate
transporters
are
crucial
maintaining
efficient
glutamatergic
signaling.
In
SCN,
nerve
terminals
from
retina
terminate
on
vasoactive
intestinal
polypeptide
(VIP)
neurons,
which
essential
functions.
To
date,
little
is
known
about
role
of
core
clock
gene,
Bmal1,
in
neurotransmission
signal
various
brain
regions.
aim
this
study
was
further
elucidate
Bmal1
SCN.
We
therefore
examined
spontaneous
rhythmic
locomotor
activity,
glial
transporters,
as
well
ultrastructure
synapse
between
retinal
ganglion
cells
(RGCs)
SCN
adult
male
Bmal1-/-
mice.
found
deletion
affects
light-mediated
behavior
mice,
decreases
thickness
vesicular
(vGLUT1,
2)
retina.
Within
immunoreaction
vGLUT1,
2,
(GLAST)
VIP
decreased
while
concentration
elevated.
At
level,
presynaptic
were
enlarged
distance
synaptic
vesicles
cleft
increased,
indicative
a
decrease
readily
releasable
pool
at
excitatory
synapses
Bmal1-/-.
Our
data
suggests
transmission
behavioral
responses
light.
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
19
Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025
The
mesolimbic
dopamine
system
is
a
set
of
subcortical
brain
circuits
that
plays
key
role
in
reward
processing,
reinforcement,
associative
learning,
and
behavioral
responses
to
salient
environmental
events.
In
our
previous
studies
the
dopaminergic
response
visual
stimuli,
we
observed
release
lateral
nucleus
accumbens
(LNAc)
mice
encoded
information
about
rate
magnitude
rapid
luminance
changes
from
darkness.
Light-evoked
were
rate-dependent,
robust
time
testing
or
stimulus
novelty,
required
phototransduction
by
rod
cone
opsins.
However,
it
unknown
if
these
also
involve
non-visual
opsins,
such
as
melanopsin,
primary
photopigment
expressed
intrinsically
photosensitive
retinal
ganglion
cells
(ipRGCs).
current
study,
evaluated
melanopsin
light
LNAc
using
genetically
sensor
dLight1
fiber
photometry.
By
measuring
light-evoked
across
broad
irradiance
wavelength
range
constitutive
(Opn4)
knockout
mice,
able
provide
new
insights
into
ability
opsins
regulate
stimuli.
Cell Communication and Signaling,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
22(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024
Papillary
thyroid
carcinoma
(PTC)
is
the
most
common
type
of
malignancy,
with
a
rising
incidence.
Traditional
treatments,
such
as
thyroidectomy
and
radiotherapy,
often
lead
to
significant
side
effects,
including
impaired
function.
Therefore,
there
an
urgent
need
for
non-invasive
therapeutic
approaches.
This
study
aims
explore
potential
photobiomodulation
therapy
(PBMT),
treatment
using
specific
wavelengths
light,
in
management
PTC.