Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Март 13, 2024
Due
to
the
physiological
alteration
during
pregnancy,
maternal
gut
microbiota
changes
following
metabolic
processes.
Recent
studies
have
revealed
that
is
closely
associated
with
immune
microenvironment
in
utero
pregnancy
and
plays
a
vital
role
specific
complications,
including
preeclampsia,
gestational
diabetes,
preterm
birth
recurrent
miscarriages.
Some
other
evidence
has
also
shown
aberrant
increases
risk
of
various
diseases
offspring,
such
as
allergic
neurodevelopmental
disorders,
through
alignment
between
mother
fetus
possible
intrauterine
microbiota.
Probiotics
high-fiber
diet
are
effective
inventions
prevent
mothers
fetuses
from
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
development
complications
health
condition
future
generations
perspective
immunology,
which
may
provide
new
therapeutic
strategies
for
management
offspring.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2020
The
human
microbiota
has
a
fundamental
role
in
host
physiology
and
pathology.
Gut
microbial
alteration,
also
known
as
dysbiosis,
is
condition
associated
not
only
with
gastrointestinal
disorders
but
diseases
affecting
other
distal
organs.
Recently
it
became
evident
that
the
intestinal
bacteria
can
affect
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
inflammation.
tract
are
communicating
through
bidirectional
network
of
signaling
pathways
called
gut-brain
axis,
which
consists
multiple
connections,
including
vagus
nerve,
immune
system,
bacterial
metabolites
products.
During
these
dysregulated
altered
permeability
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
neuroinflammation.
However,
numerous
mechanisms
behind
impact
gut
neuro-development
-pathogenesis
remain
poorly
understood.
There
several
involved
CNS
homeostasis
Among
those,
inflammasome
pathway
been
linked
to
neuroinflammatory
conditions
such
sclerosis,
Alzheimer’s
Parkinson’s
diseases,
anxiety
depressive-like
disorders.
complex
assembles
upon
cell
activation
due
exposure
microbes,
danger
signals,
or
stress
lead
production
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
(interleukin-1β
interleukin-18)
pyroptosis.
Evidences
suggest
there
reciprocal
influence
brain.
how
this
precisely
working
yet
be
discovered.
Herein,
we
discuss
status
knowledge
open
questions
field
focusing
on
function
products
cells
during
healthy
inflammatory
conditions,
neuropsychiatric
In
particular,
focus
innate
mechanism
certain
microbes.
Alterations
in
the
gut
microbiota
composition
have
been
associated
with
a
range
of
neurodevelopmental,
neurodegenerative,
and
neuropsychiatric
disorders.
The
microbes
transform
metabolize
dietary-
host-derived
molecules
generating
diverse
group
metabolites
local
systemic
effects.
bi-directional
communication
between
brain
residing
gut,
so-called
gut–brain
axis,
consists
network
immunological,
neuronal,
endocrine
signaling
pathways.
Although
full
variety
mechanisms
crosstalk
is
yet
to
be
established,
existing
data
demonstrates
that
single
metabolite
or
its
derivatives
are
likely
among
key
inductors
within
axis
communication.
However,
more
research
needed
understand
molecular
underlying
how
alter
functions,
examine
if
different
interventional
approaches
targeting
could
used
prevention
treatment
neurological
disorders,
as
reviewed
herein.Abbreviations:4-EPS
4-ethylphenylsulfate;
5-AVA(B)
5-aminovaleric
acid
(betaine);
Aβ
Amyloid
beta
protein;
AhR
Aryl
hydrocarbon
receptor;
ASD
Autism
spectrum
disorder;
BBB
Blood–brain
barrier;
BDNF
Brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor;
CNS
Central
nervous
system;
GABA
ɣ-aminobutyric
acid;
GF
Germ-free;
MIA
Maternal
immune
activation;
SCFA
Short-chain
fatty
3M-4-TMAB
3-methyl-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate;
4-TMAP
4-(trimethylammonio)pentanoate;
TMA(O)
Trimethylamine(-N-oxide);
TUDCA
Tauroursodeoxycholic
ZO
Zonula
occludens
proteins
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2021
From
early
life
to
adulthood,
the
microbiota
play
a
crucial
role
in
health
of
infant.
The
are
not
only
key
regulator
infant
but
also
associated
with
long-term
health.
Pregnancy
is
golden
time
for
establishment
microbiota,
which
affected
by
both
environmental
and
genetic
factors.
Recently,
there
an
explosion
studies
on
human
diseases,
application
disease
or
relatively
limited
because
many
aspects
remain
controversial,
especially
about
microbiota.
Therefore,
critical
conclusive
review
necessary
understand
fully
relationship
between
In
this
article,
we
introduce
detail
from
pregnancy
main
contents
article
include
maternal
adverse
outcomes,
neonatal
during
perinatal
period
life,
composition
gut
prediction
health,
future
study
directions
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
118(27)
Опубликована: Июль 1, 2021
Significance
While
the
effects
of
gut
microbes
on
brain
development
and
function
have
been
described,
mechanisms
remain
largely
unknown.
Here,
we
report
that
tryptophan-metabolizing
secrete
indoles
regulate
neurogenesis
in
adult
hippocampus.
This
stimulatory
effect
is
mediated
by
metabolic-
immune-linked
aryl
hydrocarbon
receptor
(AhR).
Another
AhR
ligand,
tryptophan
metabolite
kynurenine,
failed
to
induce
neurogenesis,
suggesting
ligand
specificity
AhR-mediated
regulation
neurogenesis.
The
indole-AhR
signaling
pathway
elevates
transcription
factors
proteins
promote
as
well
key
markers
synaptic
maturation.
Our
data
demonstrate
a
symbiotic
gut–brain
coregulatory
axis
connects
metabolic
status
control
Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
13(2), С. 423 - 423
Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2021
Microbes
colonize
the
human
body
during
first
moments
of
life
and
coexist
with
host
throughout
lifespan.
Intestinal
microbiota
their
metabolites
aid
in
programming
important
bodily
systems
such
as
immune
central
nervous
system
critical
temporal
windows
development,
possible
structural
functional
implications
These
developmental
perinatally
(during
1000
days)
are
susceptible
timepoints
for
insults
that
can
endure
long
lasting
effects
on
microbiota-gut-brain
axis.
Environmental
parental
factors
like
genetics,
mental
health,
nutrition,
delivery
feeding
mode,
exposure
to
antibiotics,
activation
composition
antenatally,
all
able
modulate
mother
infant
may
thus
regulate
functions.
Among
these
factors,
early
nutrition
plays
a
pivotal
role
perinatal
modulation
offspring
from
birth
This
review
aims
present
current
data
impact
priming
influencing
microbial
coexistence
development.
