The emergence and influence of internal states

Neuron, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 110(16), С. 2545 - 2570

Опубликована: Май 27, 2022

Язык: Английский

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A functionally ordered visual feature map in the Drosophila brain

Neuron, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 110(10), С. 1700 - 1711.e6

Опубликована: Март 14, 2022

Topographic maps, the systematic spatial ordering of neurons by response tuning, are common across species. In Drosophila, lobula columnar (LC) neuron types project from optic lobe to central brain, where each forms a glomerulus in distinct position. However, advantages this glomerular arrangement unclear. Here, we examine functional and relationships 10 glomeruli using single-neuron calcium imaging. We discover novel detectors for objects smaller than lens resolution (LC18) complex line motion (LC25). find that spatially clustered selectivity looming versus drifting object ordered size tuning form topographic visual feature map. Furthermore, connectome analysis shows downstream integrate sparse subsets possible combinations, which biased encoding similar features. LC thus an explicit example topographically organized facilitate circuit integration.

Язык: Английский

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Mixed selectivity: Cellular computations for complexity

Neuron, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 112(14), С. 2289 - 2303

Опубликована: Май 9, 2024

The property of mixed selectivity has been discussed at a computational level and offers strategy to maximize power by adding versatility the functional role each neuron. Here, we offer biologically grounded implementational-level mechanistic explanation for in neural circuits. We define pure, linear, nonlinear discuss how these response properties can be obtained simple Neurons that respond multiple, statistically independent variables display selectivity. If their activity expressed as weighted sum, then they exhibit linear selectivity; otherwise, Neural representations based on diverse are high dimensional; hence, confer enormous flexibility downstream readout circuit. However, circuit cannot possibly encode all possible mixtures simultaneously, this would require combinatorially large number neurons. Gating mechanisms like oscillations neuromodulation solve problem dynamically selecting which transmitted readout.

Язык: Английский

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Nested neural circuits generate distinct acoustic signals during Drosophila courtship

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(4), С. 808 - 824.e6

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

Many motor control systems generate multiple movements using a common set of muscles. How are premotor circuits able to flexibly diverse movement patterns? Here, we characterize the neuronal that drive distinct courtship songs Drosophila melanogaster. Male flies vibrate their wings toward females produce two different song modes—pulse and sine song—which signal species identity male quality. Using cell-type-specific genetic reagents connectome, provide cellular synaptic map in ventral nerve cord these examine how activating or inhibiting each cell type within affects song. Our data reveal circuit is organized into nested feedforward pathways with extensive reciprocal feedback connections. The larger network produces pulse song, more complex ancestral form. A subset this simpler recent Such organization may be feature which evolution has layered increasing flexibility onto basic pattern.

Язык: Английский

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Neural circuit mechanisms for steering control in walkingDrosophila

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2020, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2020

Abstract Orienting behaviors provide a continuous stream of information about an organism’s sensory experiences and plans. Thus, to study the links between sensation action, it is useful identify neurons in brain that control orienting behaviors. Here we describe descending Drosophila predict influence orientation (heading) during walking. We show these cells have specialized functions: whereas one cell type predicts sustained low-gain steering, other transient high-gain steering. These latter integrate internally-directed steering signals from head direction system with stimulus-directed multimodal pathways. The inputs are organized produce “see-saw” commands, so increasing output hemisphere accompanied by decreasing hemisphere. Together, our results internal external drives integrated motor commands different timescales, for flexible precise space.

Язык: Английский

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Visual recognition of social signals by a tectothalamic neural circuit

Nature, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 608(7921), С. 146 - 152

Опубликована: Июль 13, 2022

Abstract Social affiliation emerges from individual-level behavioural rules that are driven by conspecific signals 1–5 . Long-distance attraction and short-distance repulsion, for example, jointly set a preferred interanimal distance in swarms 6–8 However, little is known about their perceptual mechanisms executive neural circuits 3 Here we trace the neuronal response to self-like biological motion 9,10 , visual trigger developing zebrafish 2,11 Unbiased activity mapping targeted volumetric two-photon calcium imaging revealed 21 hotspots distributed throughout brain as well clustered biological-motion-tuned neurons multimodal, socially activated nucleus of dorsal thalamus. Individual thalamus encode local acceleration stimuli mimicking typical fish kinetics but insensitive global or continuous motion. Electron microscopic reconstruction synaptic input optic tectum projections into hypothalamic areas with conserved social function 12–14 Ablation selectively disrupted without affecting repulsion. This tectothalamic pathway thus serves recognition conspecifics, dissociates control repulsion during affiliation, revealing circuit underpinning collective behaviour.

Язык: Английский

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Not so spontaneous: Multi-dimensional representations of behaviors and context in sensory areas

Neuron, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 110(19), С. 3064 - 3075

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2022

Sensory areas are spontaneously active in the absence of sensory stimuli. This spontaneous activity has long been studied; however, its functional role remains largely unknown. Recent advances technology, allowing large-scale neural recordings awake and behaving animal, have transformed our understanding activity. Studies using these discovered high-dimensional patterns, correlation between behavior, dissimilarity sensory-driven patterns. These findings supported by evidence from developing animals, where a transition toward characteristics is observed as circuit matures, well mature animals across species. newly revealed call for formulation new computation.

Язык: Английский

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Neural Circuits Underlying Behavioral Flexibility: Insights From Drosophila

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2022

Behavioral flexibility is critical to survival. Animals must adapt their behavioral responses based on changes in the environmental context, internal state, or experience. Studies Drosophila melanogaster have provided insight into neural circuit mechanisms underlying flexibility. Here we discuss how behavior modulated by and learning. We describe general principles of organization modulation that underlie flexibility, are likely extend other species.

Язык: Английский

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Diverse states and stimuli tune olfactory receptor expression levels to modulate food-seeking behavior

eLife, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2022

Animals must weigh competing needs and states to generate adaptive behavioral responses the environment. Sensorimotor circuits are thus tasked with integrating diverse external internal cues relevant these context-appropriate behaviors. However, mechanisms that underlie this integration largely unknown. Here, we show a wide range of stimuli converge upon single Caenorhabditis elegans olfactory neuron modulate food-seeking behavior. Using an unbiased ribotagging approach, find expression receptor genes in AWA is influenced by array stimuli, including feeding state, physiological stress, recent sensory cues. We identify odorants activate state-dependent receptors altered influences foraging. Further, dissect molecular neural circuit pathways through which information nutritional state integrated AWA. This reveals modular organization state-related signals arising from different cell types body on independently control chemoreceptor expression. The synthesis allows animals sensorimotor reflect animal's overall state. Our findings suggest general model sensory- transcriptional changes at periphery animals' meet their ongoing states.

Язык: Английский

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Visual processing in the fly, from photoreceptors to behavior

Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 224(2)

Опубликована: Май 2, 2023

Abstract Originally a genetic model organism, the experimental use of Drosophila melanogaster has grown to include quantitative behavioral analyses, sophisticated perturbations neuronal function, and detailed sensory physiology. A highlight these developments can be seen in context vision, where pioneering studies have uncovered fundamental generalizable principles processing. Here we begin with an overview vision-guided behaviors common methods for probing visual circuits. We then outline anatomy physiology brain regions involved processing, beginning at periphery ending descending motor control. Areas focus contrast motion detection optic lobe, circuits feature selectivity, computations support spatial navigation, contextual associative learning. Finally, look future fly neuroscience discuss promising topics further study.

Язык: Английский

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