bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2022
Early-life
stress
can
have
lifelong
consequences,
enhancing
susceptibility
and
resulting
in
behavioural
cognitive
deficits.
While
the
effects
of
early-life
on
neuronal
function
been
well-described,
we
still
know
very
little
about
contribution
non-neuronal
brain
cells.
Investigating
complex
interactions
between
distinct
cell
types
is
critical
to
fully
understand
how
cellular
changes
manifest
as
deficits
following
stress.
Here,
using
male
female
mice
report
that
induces
anxiety-like
behaviour
fear
generalisation
an
amygdala-dependent
learning
memory
task.
These
were
associated
with
impaired
synaptic
plasticity,
increased
neural
excitability,
astrocyte
hypofunction.
Genetic
perturbation
amygdala
by
either
reducing
calcium
activity
or
network
was
sufficient
replicate
cellular,
synaptic,
Our
data
reveal
a
role
astrocytes
tuning
emotionally
salient
provide
mechanistic
links
stress,
hypofunction,
Summary
Figure
Journal of Neurochemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
169(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Astrocytes
are
glial
cells
recognized
for
their
diverse
roles
in
regulating
brain
circuit
structure
and
function.
They
can
sense
adapt
to
changes
the
microenvironment
due
unique
structural
biochemical
properties.
A
key
aspect
of
astrocytic
function
involves
calcium
(Ca2+)-dependent
signaling,
which
serves
as
a
fundamental
mechanism
interactions
with
neurons
other
brain.
However,
while
significant
progress
has
been
made
understanding
spatio-temporal
properties
Ca2+
signals,
downstream
molecular
pathways
exact
mechanisms
through
astrocytes
decode
these
signals
regulate
homeostatic
physiological
processes
remain
poorly
understood.
To
address
this
topic,
we
review
here
available
literature
on
sources
intracellular
Ca2+,
well
its
signaling
pathways.
We
well-studied
Ca2+-dependent
exocytosis
but
draw
attention
additional
that
less
understood
are,
most
likely,
highly
influential
many
cellular
functions.
Finally,
how
is
thought
underlie
neuron-astrocyte
regions
involved
cognitive
processing.
Early-life
stress
can
have
lifelong
consequences,
enhancing
susceptibility
and
resulting
in
behavioural
cognitive
deficits.
While
the
effects
of
early-life
on
neuronal
function
been
well-described,
we
still
know
very
little
about
contribution
non-neuronal
brain
cells.
Investigating
complex
interactions
between
distinct
cell
types
is
critical
to
fully
understand
how
cellular
changes
manifest
as
deficits
following
stress.
Here,
using
male
female
mice
report
that
induces
anxiety-like
behaviour
fear
generalisation
an
amygdala-dependent
learning
memory
task.
These
were
associated
with
impaired
synaptic
plasticity,
increased
neural
excitability,
astrocyte
hypofunction.
Genetic
perturbation
amygdala
by
either
reducing
calcium
activity
or
network
was
sufficient
replicate
cellular,
synaptic,
Our
data
reveal
a
role
astrocytes
tuning
emotionally
salient
provide
mechanistic
links
stress,
hypofunction,
Early-life
stress
can
have
lifelong
consequences,
enhancing
susceptibility
and
resulting
in
behavioural
cognitive
deficits.
While
the
effects
of
early-life
on
neuronal
function
been
well-described,
we
still
know
very
little
about
contribution
non-neuronal
brain
cells.
Investigating
complex
interactions
between
distinct
cell
types
is
critical
to
fully
understand
how
cellular
changes
manifest
as
deficits
following
stress.
Here,
using
male
female
mice
report
that
induces
anxiety-like
behaviour
fear
generalisation
an
amygdala-dependent
learning
memory
task.
These
were
associated
with
impaired
synaptic
plasticity,
increased
neural
excitability,
astrocyte
hypofunction.
Genetic
perturbation
amygdala
by
either
reducing
calcium
activity
or
network
was
sufficient
replicate
cellular,
synaptic,
Our
data
reveal
a
role
astrocytes
tuning
emotionally
salient
provide
mechanistic
links
stress,
hypofunction,
The Journal of Physiology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025
Abstract
Astrocytes,
the
most
abundant
glial
cells
in
brain,
are
wired
into
neural
circuits
through
close
contact
with
neuronal
pre‐
and
post‐synapses,
called
tripartite
synapses.
The
mutual
communication
between
neurons
astrocytes
is
crucial
for
circuit
dynamics
animal
behaviour.
Recent
advancements
imaging,
manipulation
transcriptomics
have
revealed
that
exhibit
spatiotemporally
complex
computations
represent
circuit‐specialised
functions
molecular
makeups.
However,
understanding
neuron–astrocyte
circuitry
by
means
of
conventional
anatomical
methods
hindered
due
to
technical
limitations.
In
this
review,
we
highlight
recently
developed
optical,
genetic
viral
techniques
enable
high‐throughput
identification
connected
pairs
specificity.
These
approaches
will
accelerate
functional
dissections
health
disease
future
studies.
image
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025
Abstract
Cannabis
is
the
most
widely
used
illicit
drug,
particularly
during
adolescence,
and
its
consumption
disrupts
glutamate
homeostasis
synaptic
plasticity
in
nucleus
accumbens
(NAc).
While
astrocytic
cannabinoid
receptors
(CB1Rs)
are
known
to
modulate
behavior,
extent
which
specific
ensembles
drive
tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC)-induced
alterations
remains
unclear.
Here,
we
identify
a
functionally
distinct
accumbal
ensemble,
related
ventral
hippocampus-NAc
(vHip->NAc)
circuit,
that
critical
for
THC-induced
behavioral
impairments.
Using
fiber
photometry,
monitored
calcium
dynamics
within
NAc
of
wild-type
p38αMAPK−/−
(Astrop38α)
mice
following
chronic
THC
exposure,
complemented
by
electrophysiological
assessments.
Additionally,
employed
AstroLight
tool
selectively
manipulate
this
ensemble.
Our
findings
reveal
that:
(1)
increases
activity
glutamatergic
tone
NAc;
(2)
absent
Astrop38α
mice,
implicating
p38αMAPK
signaling
astrocyte-mediated
plasticity;
(3)
release
vHip->NAc
ensemble
required
cognitive
deficits;
(4)
targeted
attenuation
prevents
both
spatial
learning
These
results
highlight
role
shaping
behavior
emphasize
their
potential
as
therapeutic
targets
mitigating
consequences
exposure.
NeuroImage,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 121138 - 121138
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
This
study
investigates
the
potential
of
Diffusion
Kurtosis
Imaging
(DKI)
to
detect
microstructural
changes
induced
by
visuomotor
training
and
its
added
value
over
Tensor
(DTI).
Fourteen
healthy
participants
completed
a
six-week
home-based
eye
movement
intervention.
Pre-and
post-training
DKI
scans
were
analysed.
Descriptive
analysis,
including
Coefficient
Variation
(CV)
Bland-Altman
(BA)
metrics,
was
used
assess
effects.
Results
revealed
significant
reductions
in
kurtosis
(MK,
RK,
AK)
diffusivity
(MD)
task-relevant
areas,
particularly
cuneus,
with
overlapping
findings
between
DTI-derived
measures.
In
contrast,
pericalcarine
area
showed
only
MK
AK,
suggesting
that
metrics
more
sensitive
this
region.
Increases
KA
FA
not
significant.
BA
analysis
confirmed
systematic
training-related
visual
target
area,
while
transverse
temporal
gyrus,
as
control,
remained
stable,
providing
evidence
for
specificity
these
These
highlight
DKI's
ability
capture
training-induced
changes,
complementing
DTI.
Among
AK
emerged
marker,
RK
provided
additional
insights
greater
variability.
underscores
role
cuneus
adaptation
measure
change
cognitive
neurorehabilitation.
