Fecal microbiota transplantation promotes reduction of antimicrobial resistance by strain replacement

Science Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(720)

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) colonization is a fundamental challenge in antimicrobial resistance. Limited studies have shown that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can reduce MDRO colonization, but its mechanisms are poorly understood. We conducted randomized, controlled trial of FMT for decolonization renal transplant recipients called PREMIX (NCT02922816). Eleven participants were enrolled and randomized 1:1 to or an observation period followed by delayed if stool cultures positive at day 36. Participants who after one treated with second FMT. At last visit, eight nine patients completed all treatments culture negative. FMT-treated had longer time recurrent infection versus PREMIX-eligible controls not Key taxa (

Язык: Английский

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Colonization factors of human and animal-specific enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)

Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 32(5), С. 448 - 464

Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2023

Colonization factors (CFs) are major virulence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). This pathogen is among the most common causes bacterial diarrhea in children low- and middle-income countries, travelers, livestock. CFs candidate antigens vaccines under development as preventive measures against ETEC infections humans Recent molecular studies have indicated that newly identified on human closely related to animal CFs. Increased knowledge pathogenic mechanisms, immunogenicity, regulation, expression CFs, well possible spread humans, may facilitate future for animals. Here, we present an updated review ETEC.

Язык: Английский

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The Effect of glycocholic acid on the growth, membrane permeability, conjugation and antibiotic susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Introduction Glycocholic acid (GCA) is a steroid and one of the main glycine-conjugated bile components in mammalian bile, which involved emulsification absorption fats sterols. It long-known that amphipathic nature acids enables them to interact with lipid membrane Gram-positive bacteria act as potent antimicrobial compounds. Nevertheless, Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae species inhabiting intestinal tract mammals are considered be more bile-resistant compared thought tolerate high concentrations. Results Here, we show 1-2% GCA inhibit growth species, including E. coli , Salmonella enterica . Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter Raoultella spp. during their late logarithmic phase liquid culture, but not solid media. Despite lipopolysaccharide layer, demonstrate that, liquid, increases permeability, changes surface membrane, compromises its integrity. These result leakage cytoplasmic proteins enhancement susceptibility antibiotics. Moreover, significantly reduces bacterial motility, frequency conjugation horizontal acquisition antibiotic resistance genes. phenotypes associated repression flagellin ( fliC ) transcription sharp decrease occurrence conjugative pili presence glycocholic acid, respectively. Discussion Overall, these findings broaden current understanding about suggest can used growth, augment activity compounds diminish dissemination genes by conjugation.

Язык: Английский

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Repeated Isolation of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Positive Escherichia coli Sequence Types 648 and 131 from Community Wastewater Indicates that Sewage Systems Are Important Sources of Emerging Clones of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 63(9)

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2019

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is an emerging problem globally. Resistant are found human and animal microbiota, as well the environment. Wastewater receives from all these sources thus can provide a measurement of abundance diversity antibiotic-resistant circulating communities. In this study, water samples were collected wastewater pump station Norwegian suburban community over period 15 months. A total 45 daily cultured analyzed for presence Escherichia coli Eighty E. coli-like colonies each sample then phenotyped antibiotic using PhenePlate-AREB system. During sampling period, two unique phenotypes with to cefotaxime cefpodoxime indicating carriage extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) observed repeatedly. Whole-genome sequencing representative isolates identified distinct clones belonging globally spread multilocus sequence types (STs) ST131 ST648 carrying blaCTX-M-15 The number ESBL-positive strains was 314 3,123 (10%) strains. Of isolates, 37% belonged ST648, 7% ST131. Repeated findings CTX-M-15-positive time indicate that STs resident systems and/or circulate abundantly community.

Язык: Английский

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Emerging multi-drug resistant and extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL)-positive enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) clones circulating in aquatic environments and in patients

One Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20, С. 100968 - 100968

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

Diarrheal disease pathogens often spread through water-borne routes. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major bacterial agent causing diarrheal in children, adults, and travelers endemic areas. In addition, ETEC responsible for outbreaks of water food-borne gasteroenteritis globally, isolates also show robust survival capacity various environmental settings, including aquatic environments. During the last decade, studies have indicated rapid increase multi-drug resistant extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive human-specific strains. These been found both sources human patients, warranting urgent need focused monitoring antibiotic resistance development ETEC. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) from environmental, animal, enables silico surveillance emerging pathogenic This method allows re-analysis genomic data, aiding identification new variants clones. By integrating data diverse inclusing sequenced isolates, we that certain clonal lineages e.g., those expressing toxin-colonization factor profiles STp/CS6, LT STh/CS2 + CS3, STh/CFA/I are more at risk to develop than other lineages. Comparizon multi-locus sequence types papers with WGS ST182, ST4, ST2332 ST be We conclude further on ETEC/E. genomes needed enhance our understanding dynamics evolution, relation virulence clinical isolates.

Язык: Английский

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Survival and adaptative strategies of Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) to the freshwater environment

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 19, 2025

Waterborne pathogenic enterobacteria are adapted for infection of human hosts but can also survive long periods in water environments. To understand how the pathogen enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) adapts to acute and long-term hypo-osmotic stress oligotrophic conditions, this study aimed explore effects short- freshwater exposure on ETEC isolates by examining transcriptional responses, survival mechanisms, antibiotic resistance development. RNA sequencing revealed that over 1,700 genes were differentially expressed, with significant reprogramming occurring early within first two hours exposure. Early responses included activation catabolic pathways nitrogen carbon assimilation downregulation energy metabolism anabolic processes mitigate osmotic stress. Notably, arnBCADTEF operon was upregulated, facilitating lipid A modification membrane enforcement which confers colistin tolerance. carries virulence large plasmids cause diarrheal disease humans. Plasmid gene analysis indicated repression upregulation mobilization toxin-antitoxin systems during 48 water, suggesting a shift towards genetic adaptability. Prolonged weeks enhanced biofilm formation capacity adherence epithelial cells, evolved increased resistance. These findings influence adaptive strategies, role waterborne transmission pathogens development persistence, capability emergence Importance Environmental conditions play vital shaping behavior bacteria, influencing their survival, virulence, treatments. This reveals environments act as crucial reservoirs (ETEC), one most common causes diarrhea children, driving adaptations enhance changes increase resilience ability disease, posing public health risks persistent infections. Understanding environmental factors bacterial is essential developing effective strategies prevent outbreaks manage antibiotic-resistant infections, ultimately protecting vulnerable populations from severe diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Long-read-sequenced reference genomes of the seven major lineages of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) circulating in modern time

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2021

Abstract Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an enteric pathogen responsible for the majority of diarrheal cases worldwide. ETEC infections are estimated to cause 80,000 deaths annually, with highest rates burden, ca 75 million per year, amongst children under 5 years age in resource-poor countries. It also leading diarrhoea travellers. Previous large-scale sequencing studies have found seven major lineages currently circulation We used PacBio long-read combined Illumina create high-quality complete reference genomes each manually curated chromosomes and plasmids. confirm that all harbour conserved plasmids been associated their respective background decades, suggesting both crucial virulence success as pathogens. The in-depth analysis gene content, synteny correct annotations will elucidate other without factors related bacterial species. These allow fast accurate comparison between different strains, these data form foundation genomics research come.

Язык: Английский

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Biofilm-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 overcomes bile salts toxicity by expressing virulence and resistance proteins

Letters in Applied Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 77(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract We investigated bile salts’ ability to induce phenotypic changes in biofilm production and protein expression of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. For this purpose, 82 E. strains isolated from humans (n = 70), animals 12), were examined for their form biofilms the presence or absence salts. also identified bacterial proteins expressed response salts using sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-electrophoresis) liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Lastly, we evaluated these adhere Caco-2 epithelial cells Regarding formation, two an outbreak Republic Georgia 2009 only ones that showed a high moderate capacity Further, observed those isolates, when salts, different as outer membrane (i.e. OmpC), resistance adverse growth conditions F0F1, HN-S, L7/L12). found isolates exhibited adhesion Together, results contribute characterization O104: H4

Язык: Английский

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Analysis of Growth Phases of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Reveals a Distinct Transition Phase before Entry into Early Stationary Phase with Shifts in Tryptophan, Fucose, and Putrescine Metabolism and Degradation of Neurotransmitter Precursors

Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(4)

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2022

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of diarrhea in children and adults endemic areas. Gene regulation ETEC during growth

Язык: Английский

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Circulation of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) isolates expressing CS23 from the environment to clinical settings

mSystems, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(5)

Опубликована: Сен. 8, 2023

The importance of clean water cannot be overstated. It is a vital resource for maintaining health and well-being. Unfortunately, sources contaminated with fecal discharges from animal human origin due to lack wastewater management pose significant risk communities, as they can become means transmission pathogenic bacteria like enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). ETEC frequently found in polluted countries high prevalence diarrheal diseases, such Bolivia. This study provides novel insights into the circulation between cases areas rates disease. These findings highlight Choqueyapu River potential reservoir emerging pathogens carrying antibiotic-resistance genes, making it crucial area monitoring intervention. Furthermore, results demonstrate feasibility low-cost, high-throughput method tracking bacterial low- middle-income countries, valuable tool One Health efforts.

Язык: Английский

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