Challenges and opportunities for carbon neutrality in China

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 3(2), С. 141 - 155

Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Drivers and impacts of changes in China’s drylands

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 2(12), С. 858 - 873

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Biogeography of global drylands

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 231(2), С. 540 - 558

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2021

Despite their extent and socio-ecological importance, a comprehensive biogeographical synthesis of drylands is lacking. Here we synthesize the biogeography key organisms (vascular nonvascular vegetation soil microorganisms), attributes (functional traits, spatial patterns, plant-plant plant-soil interactions) processes (productivity land cover) across global drylands. These areas have long evolutionary history, are centers diversification for many plant lineages include important diversity hotspots. This captures strikingly high portion variation in leaf functional observed globally. Part this associated with large response effect traits shrubs encroaching dryland grasslands. Aridity its interplay interacting species largely shape patterns interactions, patterns. also drives composition biocrust communities productivity, which shows geographical variation. We finish our review by discussing major research gaps, include: studying regular patterns; establishing large-scale field surveys assessing individual-level trait measurements; knowing whether impacts interactions on biodiversity predictable; how elevated CO2 modulates future aridity conditions productivity.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the multiple land degradation pathways across the planet

Earth-Science Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 220, С. 103689 - 103689

Опубликована: Май 25, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Widespread shift from ecosystem energy to water limitation with climate change

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(7), С. 677 - 684

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2022

Abstract Terrestrial ecosystems are essential for food and water security CO 2 uptake. Ecosystem function is dependent on the availability of soil moisture, yet it unclear how climate change will alter moisture limitation vegetation. Here we use an ecosystem index that distinguishes energy limitations in Earth system model simulations to show a widespread regime shift from between 1980 2100. This found both space time. While this mainly related reduction energy-limited regions associated with increasing incoming shortwave radiation, largest towards where radiation increases accompanied by decreases. We therefore demonstrate stronger than implied individual trends terrestrial evaporation, important implications future services.

Язык: Английский

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Increasing sensitivity of dryland vegetation greenness to precipitation due to rising atmospheric CO2

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2022

Water availability plays a critical role in shaping terrestrial ecosystems, particularly low- and mid-latitude regions. The sensitivity of vegetation growth to precipitation strongly regulates global dynamics their responses drought, yet changes response climate change remain poorly understood. Here we use long-term satellite observations combined with dynamic statistical learning approach examine the greenness over past four decades. We observe robust increase (0.624% yr−1) for drylands, decrease (−0.618% wet Using model simulations, show that contrasting trends between dry regions are caused by elevated atmospheric CO2 (eCO2). eCO2 universally decreases reducing leaf-level transpiration, However, this transpiration reduction is overridden at canopy scale large proportional leaf area. increased drylands implies potential ecosystem stability greater impacts droughts these vulnerable ecosystems under continued change. Changes may be hydroclimate dependent. authors reveal vs. wetter last 4 decades identify as major contributing factor.

Язык: Английский

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Dryland productivity under a changing climate

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(11), С. 981 - 994

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Hourly potential evapotranspiration at 0.1° resolution for the global land surface from 1981-present

Scientific Data, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2021

Challenges exist for assessing the impacts of climate and change on hydrological cycle local regional scales, in turn water resources, food, energy, natural hazards. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) represents atmospheric demand water, which is required at high spatial temporal resolutions to compute actual thus close balance near land surface many such applications, but there are currently no available high-resolution datasets PET. Here we develop an hourly PET dataset (hPET) global 0.1° resolution, based output from recently developed ERA5-Land reanalysis dataset, over period 1981 present. We show how hPET compares other datasets, common spatiotemporal time frames, with respect patterns climatology seasonal variations selected humid arid locations across globe. provide data users employ multiple applications explore diurnal evaporative water.

Язык: Английский

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Future reversal of warming-enhanced vegetation productivity in the Northern Hemisphere

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(6), С. 581 - 586

Опубликована: Май 30, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Global water use efficiency saturation due to increased vapor pressure deficit

Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 381(6658), С. 672 - 677

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2023

The ratio of carbon assimilation to water evapotranspiration (ET) an ecosystem, referred as ecosystem use efficiency (WUEeco), is widely expected increase because the rising atmospheric dioxide concentration (Ca). However, little known about interactive effects Ca and climate change on WUEeco. On basis upscaled estimates from machine learning methods global FLUXNET observations, we show that WUEeco has not risen since 2001 asymmetric increased vapor pressure deficit (VPD), which depressed photosynthesis enhanced ET. An undiminished ET trend indicates temperature VPD may play a more important role in regulating than declining stomatal conductance. Projected increases are predicted affect future coupling terrestrial cycles.

Язык: Английский

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