Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
123(8), С. 4237 - 4352
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2023
The
emergence
of
modern
photocatalysis,
characterized
by
mildness
and
selectivity,
has
significantly
spurred
innovative
late-stage
C–H
functionalization
approaches
that
make
use
low
energy
photons
as
a
controllable
source.
Compared
to
traditional
strategies,
photocatalysis
paves
the
way
toward
complementary
and/or
previously
unattainable
regio-
chemoselectivities.
Merging
compelling
benefits
with
workflow
offers
potentially
unmatched
arsenal
tackle
drug
development
campaigns
beyond.
This
Review
highlights
photocatalytic
strategies
small-molecule
drugs,
agrochemicals,
natural
products,
classified
according
targeted
bond
newly
formed
one.
Emphasis
is
devoted
identifying,
describing,
comparing
main
mechanistic
scenarios.
draws
critical
comparison
between
established
ionic
chemistry
photocatalyzed
radical-based
manifolds.
aims
establish
current
state-of-the-art
illustrate
key
unsolved
challenges
be
addressed
in
future.
authors
aim
introduce
general
readership
functionalization,
specialist
practitioners
evaluation
methodologies,
potential
for
improvement,
future
uncharted
directions.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
45(10), С. 2900 - 2936
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2016
C–H
Activation
reactions
that
proceed
under
mild
conditions
are
more
attractive
for
applications
in
complex
molecule
synthesis.
Mild
transformations
reported
since
2011
reviewed
and
the
different
concepts
strategies
have
enabled
their
mildness
discussed.
ACS Central Science,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
2(5), С. 302 - 308
Опубликована: Май 5, 2016
While
preparative
electrolysis
of
organic
molecules
has
been
an
active
area
research
over
the
past
century,
modern
synthetic
chemists
have
generally
reluctant
to
adopt
this
technology.
In
fact,
electrochemical
methods
possess
many
benefits
traditional
reagent-based
transformations,
such
as
high
functional
group
tolerance,
mild
conditions,
and
innate
scalability
sustainability.
Outlook
we
highlight
illustrative
examples
reactions
in
context
synthesis
complex
molecules,
showcasing
intrinsic
versus
approaches.
Our
hope
is
that
field
will
soon
see
widespread
adoption
community.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
47(15), С. 5786 - 5865
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2018
This
review
provides
an
overview
of
the
use
electrochemistry
as
appealing
platform
for
expediting
carbon–hydrogen
functionalization
and
carbon–nitrogen
bond
formation.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
122(2), С. 1875 - 1924
Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2021
Direct
photocatalyzed
hydrogen
atom
transfer
(d-HAT)
can
be
considered
a
method
of
choice
for
the
elaboration
aliphatic
C–H
bonds.
In
this
manifold,
photocatalyst
(PCHAT)
exploits
energy
photon
to
trigger
homolytic
cleavage
such
bonds
in
organic
compounds.
Selective
bond
may
achieved
by
judicious
abstractor
(key
parameters
are
electronic
character
and
molecular
structure),
as
well
reaction
additives.
Different
classes
PCsHAT
available,
including
aromatic
ketones,
xanthene
dyes
(Eosin
Y),
polyoxometalates,
uranyl
salts,
metal-oxo
porphyrin
tris(amino)cyclopropenium
radical
dication.
The
processes
(mainly
C–C
formation)
most
cases
carried
out
under
mild
conditions
with
help
visible
light.
aim
review
is
offer
comprehensive
survey
synthetic
applications
d-HAT.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
120(5), С. 2613 - 2692
Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2020
Transition-metal
catalyzed
reactions
that
are
able
to
construct
complex
aliphatic
amines
from
simple,
readily
available
feedstocks
have
become
a
cornerstone
of
modern
synthetic
organic
chemistry.
In
light
the
ever-increasing
importance
across
range
chemical
sciences,
this
review
aims
provide
concise
overview
transition-metal
approaches
alkylamine
synthesis
and
their
functionalization.
Selected
examples
amine
bond
forming
include:
(a)
hydroamination
hydroaminoalkylation,
(b)
C(sp3)–H
functionalization,
(c)
visible-light-mediated
photoredox
catalysis.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
122(2), С. 1925 - 2016
Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2021
The
fields
of
C–H
functionalization
and
photoredox
catalysis
have
garnered
enormous
interest
utility
in
the
past
several
decades.
Many
different
scientific
disciplines
relied
on
strategies
including
natural
product
synthesis,
drug
discovery,
radiolabeling,
bioconjugation,
materials,
fine
chemical
synthesis.
In
this
Review,
we
highlight
use
reactions.
We
separate
review
into
inorganic/organometallic
catalysts
organic-based
catalytic
systems.
Further
subdivision
by
reaction
class─either
sp2
or
sp3
functionalization─lends
perspective
tactical
for
these
methods
synthetic
applications.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
140(45), С. 15353 - 15365
Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2018
The
targeted
choice
of
specific
photocatalysts
has
been
shown
to
play
a
critical
role
for
the
successful
realization
challenging
photoredox
catalytic
transformations.
Herein,
we
demonstrate
implementation
rational
design
strategy
series
deliberate
structural
manipulations
cyanoarene-based,
purely
organic
donor-acceptor
photocatalysts,
using
1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene
(4CzIPN)
as
starting
point.
Systematic
modifications
both
donor
substituents
well
acceptors'
molecular
core
allowed
us
identify
strongly
oxidizing
reducing
catalysts
(e.g.,
an
unprecedented
detriflation
unactivated
naphthol
triflate),
which
additionally
offer
remarkably
balanced
redox
potentials
with
predictable
trends.
Especially
halogen
arene
substitutions
are
instrumental
our
alterations
catalysts'
properties.
Based
on
their
preeminent
electrochemical
and
photophysical
characteristics,
all
novel,
were
evaluated
in
three
challenging,
mechanistically
distinct
classes
benchmark
reactions
(either
requiring
balanced,
highly
or
properties)
enormous
potential
customizable
that
outperform
complement
prevailing
typical
best
photocatalysts.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
57(1), С. 62 - 101
Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2017
Abstract
The
functionalization
of
C(sp
3
)−H
bonds
streamlines
chemical
synthesis
by
allowing
the
use
simple
molecules
and
providing
novel
synthetic
disconnections.
Intensive
recent
efforts
in
development
new
reactions
based
on
C−H
have
led
to
its
wider
adoption
across
a
range
research
areas.
This
Review
discusses
strengths
weaknesses
three
main
approaches:
transition‐metal‐catalyzed
activation,
1,
n
‐hydrogen
atom
transfer,
carbene/nitrene
for
directed
unactivated
bonds.
For
each
strategy,
scope,
reactivity
different
bonds,
position
reacting
relative
directing
group,
stereochemical
outcomes
are
illustrated
with
examples
literature.
aim
this
is
provide
guidance
inspire
future
area.
