Macromolecules,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
54(9), С. 3927 - 3961
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2021
Vitrimers
constitute
a
fascinating
class
of
polymer
materials
that
make
the
link
between
historically
opposed
3D
networks
(thermosets)
and
linear
polymers
(thermoplastics).
Their
chemical
resistance,
reshaping
ability,
unique
rheological
behavior
upon
heating
them
promising
for
future
applications
in
industry.
However,
many
vitrimers
require
use
high
catalyst
loadings,
which
raises
concerns
their
durability
limits
potential
applications.
To
cope
with
this
issue,
internal
catalysis
neighboring
group
participation
(NGP)
can
be
used
to
enhance
ability
such
materials.
A
few
studies
report
effect
activating
groups
on
exchange
reactions
vitrimers.
Nevertheless,
knowledge
topic
remains
scarce,
although
research
would
greatly
benefit
from
NGP
already
known
organic
chemistry.
The
present
Perspective
presents
different
types
exchangeable
bonds
implemented
discusses
have
or
potentially
capable
an
enhancing
reactions.
This
analysis
is
underpinned
by
thorough
mechanistic
discussion
various
presented.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
121(3), С. 1716 - 1745
Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2021
Dynamic
covalent
polymer
networks
(DCPN)
have
historically
attracted
attention
for
their
unique
roles
in
chemical
recycling
and
self-healing,
which
are
both
relevant
sustainable
societal
development.
Efforts
these
directions
intensified
the
past
decade
with
notable
progress
newly
discovered
dynamic
chemistry,
fundamental
material
concepts,
extension
toward
emerging
applications
including
energy
electronic
devices.
Beyond
that,
values
of
DCPN
discovering/designing
functional
properties
not
offered
by
classical
thermoplastic
thermoset
polymers
recently
gained
traction.
In
particular,
bond
exchangeability
has
shown
unparalleled
design
versatility
various
areas
shape-shifting
materials/devices,
artificial
muscles,
microfabrication.
Going
beyond
this
basic
exchangeability,
molecular
mechanisms
to
manipulate
network
topologies
(topological
transformation)
led
opportunities
program
polymers,
concepts
such
as
living
topological
isomerization.
review,
we
provide
an
overview
above
particular
focuses
on
strategies
exploitation
properties.
Based
this,
point
out
remaining
issues
offer
perspectives
how
class
materials
can
shape
future
ways
that
complementary
polymers.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
121(18), С. 11385 - 11457
Опубликована: Май 3, 2021
Advances
in
hydrogel
technology
have
unlocked
unique
and
valuable
capabilities
that
are
being
applied
to
a
diverse
set
of
translational
applications.
Hydrogels
perform
functions
relevant
range
biomedical
purposes-they
can
deliver
drugs
or
cells,
regenerate
hard
soft
tissues,
adhere
wet
prevent
bleeding,
provide
contrast
during
imaging,
protect
tissues
organs
radiotherapy,
improve
the
biocompatibility
medical
implants.
These
make
hydrogels
useful
for
many
distinct
pressing
diseases
conditions
even
less
conventional
areas
such
as
environmental
engineering.
In
this
review,
we
cover
major
hydrogels,
with
focus
on
novel
benefits
injectable
how
they
relate
applications
medicine
environment.
We
pay
close
attention
development
contemporary
requires
extensive
interdisciplinary
collaboration
accomplish
highly
specific
complex
biological
tasks
from
cancer
immunotherapy
tissue
engineering
vaccination.
complement
our
discussion
preclinical
clinical
mechanical
design
considerations
needed
scaling
technologies
application.
anticipate
readers
will
gain
more
complete
picture
expansive
possibilities
practical
impactful
differences
across
numerous
fields
Chemical Science,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
11(19), С. 4855 - 4870
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2020
In
this
minireview,
we
survey
recent
advances
in
the
development
of
vitrimer
materials.
Focus
on
how
to
chemically
control
their
material
properties
is
used
highlight
challenges
for
boosting
potential
emerging
class
polymer
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
32(20)
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2020
Abstract
Covalent
adaptable
networks
(CANs),
unlike
typical
thermosets
or
other
covalently
crosslinked
networks,
possess
a
unique,
often
dormant
ability
to
activate
one
more
forms
of
stimuli‐responsive,
dynamic
covalent
chemistries
as
means
transition
their
behavior
from
that
viscoelastic
solid
material
with
fluid‐like
plastic
flow.
Upon
application
stimulus,
such
light
irradiation,
temperature,
even
distinct
chemical
signal,
the
CAN
responds
by
transforming
state
temporal
plasticity
through
activation
either
reversible
addition
bond
exchange,
which
allows
essentially
re‐equilibrate
an
altered
set
conditions
are
those
in
original
network
is
formed,
simultaneously
enabling
new
and
shape,
function,
characteristics.
As
such,
CANs
span
divide
between
thermoplastics,
thus
offering
unprecedented
possibilities
for
innovation
polymer
materials
science.
Without
attempting
comprehensively
review
literature,
recent
developments
discussed
here
emphasis
on
most
effective
render
these
be
stimuli
responsive,
features
make
broadly
applicable.
ACS Central Science,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
6(9), С. 1488 - 1496
Опубликована: Июль 29, 2020
Covalent
adaptable
networks
(CANs)
are
covalently
cross-linked
polymers
that
may
be
reshaped
via
cross-linking
and/or
strand
exchange
at
elevated
temperatures.
They
represent
an
exciting
and
rapidly
developing
frontier
in
polymer
science
for
their
potential
as
stimuli-responsive
materials
to
make
traditionally
nonrecyclable
thermosets
more
sustainable.
CANs
whose
cross-links
undergo
associative
intermediates
rather
than
dissociating
separate
reactive
groups
termed
vitrimers.
Vitrimers
were
postulated
attractive
subset
of
CANs,
because
cross-link
mechanisms
maintain
the
original
density
network
throughout
process.
As
a
result,
demonstrate
gradual,
Arrhenius-like
reduction
viscosity
temperatures
while
maintaining
mechanical
integrity.
In
contrast,
reprocessed
by
dissociation
reformation
have
been
exhibit
rapid
decrease
with
increasing
temperature.
Here,
we
survey
stress
relaxation
behavior
all
dissociative
which
variable
temperature
or
data
reported
date.
All
Arrhenius
relationship
between
viscosity,
only
small
percentage
broken
instantaneously
under
typical
reprocessing
conditions.
such,
show
nearly
identical
over
broad
ranges
typically
used
reprocessing.
Given
term
vitrimer
was
coined
highlight
temperature,
analogy
vitreous
glasses,
discourage
its
continued
use
describe
CANs.
The
realization
mechanism
does
not
greatly
influence
practical
most
suggests
chemistries
can
considered
fewer
constraints,
focusing
instead
on
activation
parameters,
synthetic
convenience,
application-specific
considerations.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
144(5), С. 2022 - 2033
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2022
The
development
of
a
dynamic
chemistry
toolbox
to
endow
materials
behavior
has
been
key
the
rational
design
future
smart
materials.
rise
supramolecular
and
covalent
offers
many
approaches
construction
polymers
that
can
adapt,
respond,
repair,
recycle.
Within
this
toolbox,
building
blocks
based
on
1,2-dithiolanes
have
become
an
important
scaffold,
featuring
their
reversible
polymerization
mediated
by
disulfide
bonds,
which
enables
unique
class
at
intersection
adaptable
networks.
This
Perspective
aims
explore
as
versatile
structural
unit
for
summarizing
state
art
well
providing
overview
fundamental
challenges
involved
in
research
area
its
potential
directions.
