Cancer stem cells: advances in knowledge and implications for cancer therapy

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2024

Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subset of in tumors that are characterized by self-renewal and continuous proliferation, lead to tumorigenesis, metastasis, maintain tumor heterogeneity. continues be significant global disease burden. In the past, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy were main cancer treatments. The technology treatments develop advance, emergence targeted therapy, immunotherapy provides more options for patients certain extent. However, limitations efficacy treatment resistance still inevitable. Our review begins with brief introduction historical discoveries, original hypotheses, pathways regulate CSCs, such as WNT/β-Catenin, hedgehog, Notch, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, TGF-β, PI3K/AKT, PPAR pathway, their crosstalk. We focus on role CSCs various therapeutic outcomes resistance, including how affect content alteration related molecules, CSCs-mediated clinical value targeting refractory, progressed or advanced tumors. summary, efficacy, method is difficult determine. Clarifying regulatory mechanisms biomarkers currently mainstream idea.

Язык: Английский

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Recent advances in aptamer-based therapeutic strategies for targeting cancer stem cells

Materials Today Bio, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19, С. 100605 - 100605

Опубликована: Март 11, 2023

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to be the main cause of chemotherapy resistance and tumor relapse. Various therapeutic strategies eliminate CSCs have been developed recently. Aptamers, also called "chemical antibodies", can specifically bind with their molecular targets through special tertiary structures. The advantages aptamers, such as lower immunogenicity smaller size, make them superior conventional antibodies. Therefore, aptamers used widely targeting ligands for CSC-targeted in different types. To date, various cargoes conjugated kill CSCs, drugs, small interfering RNAs, microRNAs. Aptamer-based targeted therapies made great progress recent years, especially development multifunctional aptamer-based strategies. Besides, cell-systematic evolution by exponential enrichment has applied screen new that might a higher binding ability CSCs. In this review, we focus on advances introduce some modalities aptamer-drug conjugates against Some considerations limitations discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Applications of Metallic Nanoparticles in the Skin Cancer Treatment

BioMed Research International, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2022, С. 1 - 20

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2022

Skin cancer is one of leading cancers globally, divided into two major categories including melanoma and nonmelanoma. a global concern with an increasing trend, hence novel therapies are essential. The local treatment strategies play key role in skin therapy. Nanoparticles (NPs) exert potential applications medicine huge advantages have the ability to overcome common chemotherapy problems. Recently, NPs been used nanomedicine as promising drug delivery systems. They can enhance solubility poorly water-soluble drugs, improve pharmacokinetic properties, modify bioavailability, reduce metabolism. high-efficient, nontoxic, low-cost, specific therapy goal, which be achieved by development nanotechnology. Metallic (MNPs) act important platforms. MNPs seeks therapeutic efficiency medicines through site specificity, prevention multidrug resistance, effective factors. arms case recognition, such Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) colloidal mediators for magnetic hyperthermia cancer. studies mostly due their carry large dose drug, resulting high concentration anticancer drugs at target site. Therefore, off-target toxicity suffering side effects caused other parts body avoided. applied carriers improvement delivery. improves results many treatments. Different types NPs, inorganic organic investigated vitro vivo include biodegradability, electrostatic charge, good biocompatibility, payload, low toxicity. However, use controlled-release systems stimulated electromagnetic waves, temperature, pH, light accumulation tumor tissues outcomes. This study (2019-2022) aimed reviewing

Язык: Английский

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Peptide Assemblies for Cancer Therapy

ChemMedChem, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18(17)

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2023

Supramolecular assemblies made by the self-assembly of peptides are finding an increasing number applications in various fields. While early exploration peptide centered on tissue engineering or regenerative medicine, recent development has shown that can act as supramolecular medicine for cancer therapy. This review covers progress applying therapy, with emphasis works appeared over last five years. We start introduction a few seminal assemblies, then discuss combination anticancer drugs. Next, we highlight use enzyme-controlled transformation shapeshifting inhibiting cells and tumors. After that, provide outlook this exciting field promises new kind therapeutics

Язык: Английский

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Current progress and remaining challenges of peptide–drug conjugates (PDCs): next generation of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs)?

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2025

Drug conjugates have emerged as a promising alternative delivery system designed to deliver an ultra-toxic payload directly the target cancer cells, maximizing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing toxicity. Among these, antibody-drug (ADCs) garnered significant attention from both academia and industry due their great potential for therapy. However, peptide-drug (PDCs) offer several advantages over ADCs, including more accessible industrial synthesis, versatile functionalization, high tissue penetration, rapid clearance with low immunotoxicity. These factors position PDCs up-and-coming drug candidates future Despite potential, face challenges such poor pharmacokinetic properties bioactivity, which hinder clinical development. How design meet needs is big challenge urgent resolve. In this review, we first carefully analyzed general consideration of successful PDC learning ADCs. Then, summarised basic functions each component construct, comprising peptides, linkers payloads. The peptides in were categorized into three types: tumor targeting cell penetrating peptide self-assembling peptide. We then these delivery, overcoming resistance, controlling release improving reduced non-specific To better understand druggability PDCs, discussed pharmacokinetics also briefly introduced current trials. Lastly, perspectives development oncology PDC. This review aimed provide useful information construction applications.

Язык: Английский

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Advancements in RNA-Targeted Therapies for Renal Cell Carcinoma

European Journal of Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 1002, С. 177788 - 177788

Опубликована: Май 29, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Therapeutic and responsive release mechanisms of polymer drug conjugates with diverse polymer skeletons

Nano Today, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 59, С. 102526 - 102526

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Feasibility of Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer using reagent for analyzing purine metabolite (Hypoxanthine, Xanthine) in urine

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2024

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Early detection crucial for improving patient outcome. Current biomarkers like CA 19-9 have limitations in terms sensitivity specificity. This study investigated the potential urinary purine metabolites hypoxanthine xanthine as early PC detection. Methods: single-center, non-blinded clinical trial included 120 participants (60 patients with 60 healthy controls). Patients aged 18-85 years, scheduled curative surgery were recruited. Urine samples collected preoperatively analyzed using metabolome analysis kit developed by CUBEBIO. The assessed concentrations compared them levels. Statistical analyses conducted SPSS, significance set p < 0.05. Results: had significantly higher mean ages (65.63 ± 10.58 years) lower BMI (22.55 3.19 kg/m²) than controls (46.62 13.34 years 24.94 3.56 kg/m², respectively). Urinary levels (0.136 0.0821) (0.292 0.1208), p-value <0.001. diagnostic method showed area under curve (AUC) 0.850, 87.9% specificity 71.1%. outperformed early-stage Conclusion: are promising detection, offering noninvasive, cost-effective tool 19-9. These findings support further research to validate refine this approach, potentially outcomes pancreatic cancer.

Язык: Английский

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