Stability of organic solar cells: toward commercial applications

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 53(5), С. 2350 - 2387

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted a great deal of attention in the field clean energy due to their advantages transparency, flexibility, low cost and light weight. Introducing them market enables seamless integration into buildings windows, while also supporting wearable, portable electronics internet-of-things (IoT) devices. With development photovoltaic materials optimization fabrication technology, power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) OSCs rapidly improved now exceed 20%. However, there is significant lack focus on material stability device lifetime, causing severe hindrance commercial applications. In this review, we carefully review important strategies employed improve over past three years from perspectives design engineering. Furthermore, analyze discuss current progress terms air, light, thermal mechanical stability. Finally, propose future research directions overcome challenges achieving highly stable OSCs. We expect that will contribute solving problem OSCs, eventually paving way for applications near future.

Язык: Английский

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20.2% Efficiency Organic Photovoltaics Employing a π‐Extension Quinoxaline‐Based Acceptor with Ordered Arrangement

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(33)

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024

Organic solar cells, as a cutting-edge sustainable renewable energy technology, possess myriad of potential applications, while the bottleneck problem less than 20% efficiency limits further development. Simultaneously achieving an ordered molecular arrangement, appropriate crystalline domain size, and reduced nonradiative recombination poses significant challenge is pivotal for overcoming limitations. This study employs dual strategy involving development novel acceptor ternary blending to address this challenge. A non-fullerene acceptor, SMA, characterized by highly arrangement high lowest unoccupied orbital level, synthesized. By incorporating SMA guest in PM6:BTP-eC9 system, it observed that staggered liquid-solid transition donor facilitating crystallization ordering maintaining suitable size. Furthermore, optimized vertical morphology bimolecular recombination. As result, device achieved champion 20.22%, accompanied increased voltage, short-circuit current density, fill factor. Notably, stabilized 18.42% attained flexible devices. underscores synergistic approach integrating material innovation techniques optimizing bulk heterojunction photovoltaic performance.

Язык: Английский

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Unidirectional Sidechain Engineering to Construct Dual‐Asymmetric Acceptors for 19.23 % Efficiency Organic Solar Cells with Low Energy Loss and Efficient Charge Transfer

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 62(36)

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2023

Achieving both high open-circuit voltage (Voc ) and short-circuit current density (Jsc to boost power-conversion efficiency (PCE) is a major challenge for organic solar cells (OSCs), wherein energy loss (Eloss inefficient charge transfer usually take place. Here, three new Y-series acceptors of mono-asymmetric asy-YC11 dual-asymmetric bi-asy-YC9 bi-asy-YC12 are developed. They share the same asymmetric D1 AD2 (D1 =thieno[3,2-b]thiophene D2 =selenopheno[3,2-b]thiophene) fused-core but have different unidirectional sidechain on side, allowing fine-tuned molecular properties, such as intermolecular interaction, packing pattern, crystallinity. Among binary blends, PM6 : one has better morphology with appropriate phase separation higher order than asy-YC9 bi-asy-YC11 ones. Therefore, bi-asy-YC12-based OSCs offer PCE 17.16 % Voc Jsc , due reduced Eloss efficient properties. Inspired by strong NIR-absorption, introduced into L8-BO construct ternary OSCs. Thanks broadened absorption, optimized morphology, furtherly minimized achieve champion 19.23 %, which highest efficiencies among these annealing-free devices. Our developed engineering constructing bi-asymmetric provides an approach

Язык: Английский

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Step-by-Step Modulation of Crystalline Features and Exciton Kinetics for 19.2% Efficiency Ortho-Xylene Processed Organic Solar Cells

Nano-Micro Letters, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2023

Abstract With plenty of popular and effective ternary organic solar cells (OSCs) construction strategies proposed applied, its power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) have come to a new level over 19% in single-junction devices. However, previous studies are heavily based chloroform (CF) leaving behind substantial knowledge deficiencies understanding the influence solvent choice when introducing third component. Herein, we present case where newly designed asymmetric small molecular acceptor using fluoro-methoxylated end-group modification strategy, named BTP-BO-3FO with enlarged bandgap, brings different morphological evolution performance improvement effect on host system PM6:BTP-eC9, processed by CF ortho-xylene ( o -XY). detailed analyses supported series experiments, best PCE 19.24% for green solvent-processed OSCs is found be fruit finely tuned crystalline ordering general aggregation motif, which furthermore nourishes favorable charge generation recombination behavior. Likewise, can achieved replacing spin-coating blade coating active layer deposition. This work focuses commonly met yet frequently ignored issues building blends demonstrate cutting-edge device performance, hence, will instructive other OSC works future.

Язык: Английский

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Over 19 % Efficiency Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Manipulating the Intermolecular Interactions through Side Chain Fluorine Functionalization

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 63(15)

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024

Fluorine side chain functionalization of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) represents an effective strategy for enhancing the performance organic solar cells (OSCs). However, a knowledge gap persists regarding relationship between structural changes induced by fluorine and resultant impact on device performance. In this work, varying amounts atoms were introduced into outer chains Y-series NFAs to construct two named BTP-F0 BTP-F5. Theoretical experimental investigations reveal that side-chain fluorination significantly increase overall average electrostatic potential (ESP) charge balance factor, thereby effectively improving ESP-induced intermolecular interaction, thus precisely tuning molecular packing bulk-heterojunction morphology. Therefore, BTP-F5-based OSC exhibited enhanced crystallinity, domain purity, reduced spacing, optimized phase distribution in vertical direction. This facilitates exciton diffusion, suppresses recombination, improves extraction. Consequently, promising power conversion efficiency (PCE) 17.3 % 19.2 achieved binary ternary devices, respectively, surpassing PCE 16.1 BTP-F0-based OSCs. work establishes structure-performance demonstrates is compelling achieving ideal separation highly efficient

Язык: Английский

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Recent progress and prospects of dimer and multimer acceptors for efficient and stable polymer solar cells

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 53(9), С. 4674 - 4706

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

This review summarizes the recent progress, key design principles and prospects of dimer multimer acceptors for developing polymer solar cells (PSCs) with high efficiency long-term stability.

Язык: Английский

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High Open‐Circuit Voltage Organic Solar Cells with 19.2% Efficiency Enabled by Synergistic Side‐Chain Engineering

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(26)

Опубликована: Март 28, 2024

Abstract Restricted by the energy‐gap law, state‐of‐the‐art organic solar cells (OSCs) exhibit relatively low open‐circuit voltage ( V OC ) because of large nonradiative energy losses (Δ E nonrad ). Moreover, trade‐off between and external quantum efficiency (EQE) OSCs is more distinctive; power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) are still <15% with s >1.0 V. Herein, electronic properties aggregation behaviors non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) carefully considered then a new NFA (Z19) delicately designed simultaneously introducing alkoxy phenyl‐substituted alkyl chains to conjugated backbone. Z19 exhibits hypochromatic‐shifted absorption spectrum, high‐lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level ordered 2D packing mode. The D18:Z19‐based blend film favorable phase separation face‐on dominated orientation, facilitating charge transport properties. Consequently, D18:Z19 binary devices afford an exciting PCE 19.2% high 1.002 V, surpassing Y6‐2O‐based devices. former highest reported date for Δ Z19‐ (0.200 eV) (0.155 lower than that Y6‐based (0.239 Indications design such NFA, considering could promote breakthrough in OSCs.

Язык: Английский

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Precisely Manipulating Molecular Packing via Tuning Alkyl Side‐Chain Topology Enabling High‐Performance Nonfused‐Ring Electron Acceptors

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 63(10)

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2024

In the development of high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs), self-organization semiconductors plays a crucial role. This study focuses on precisely manipulation molecular assemble via tuning alkyl side-chain topology in series low-cost nonfused-ring electron acceptors (NFREAs). Among three NFREAs investigated, DPA-4, which possesses an asymmetric length, exhibits tight packing crystal and high crystallinity film, contributing to improved mobility favorable film morphology for DPA-4. As result, OSC device based DPA-4 achieves excellent power conversion efficiency 16.67 %, ranking among highest efficiencies NFREA-based OSCs.

Язык: Английский

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Alkoxy Modification of the Terminal Group in Nonfullerene Acceptors to Achieve Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells With a High Open‐Circuit Voltage

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Abstract Y‐series nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) usually bear halogenated end groups to achieve narrow bandgaps and tunable molecules crystallinity; however, it results in small open‐circuit voltage ( V oc ) of 0.8–0.9 V. Here, three NFAs BTP‐eC9‐G51, BTP‐eC9‐G52, BTP‐eC9‐G53 are synthesized by introducing both an electron‐withdrawing fluoro group electron‐donating alkoxy commonly used 2‐(3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydroinden1‐ylidene)‐malononitrile (IC) terminal groups. These compounds demonstrate a high larger than 0.9 when employed as organic solar cells (0.91 for BTP‐eC9‐G51 0.95 the others). The effect chain length on photoelectric properties is systematically studied. show that dipole moments aggregation behaviors these changes obviously with increase length. active layer based shows suitable phase separation structure good charge transport. Devices device efficiency 16.65%, higher those BTP‐eC9‐G52 devices (14.33% 13.24%, respectively). Furthermore, introduced into D18:L8‐BO third component, which improves J sc , reduces nonradiation energy loss, increased 19.03% 0.92

Язык: Английский

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Manipulating Aggregation Kinetics toward Efficient All‐Printed Organic Solar Cells

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

Abstract The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of all‐printed organic solar cells (OSCs) remain inferior to those spin‐coated devices, primarily due morphological variations within the bulk heterojunction processed via diverse coating/printing techniques. Herein, cyclohexyl is introduced as outer side chains formulate a non‐fullerene acceptor, BTP‐Cy, aimed at modulating molecular aggregation in solution and subsequent film formation kinetics during printing. Investigations demonstrate that BTP‐Cy molecule with exhibits enhanced intermolecular π‐π stacking, optimal size, favorable phase separation. Consequently, PB3:FTCC‐Br:BTP‐Cy‐based OSCs achieve remarkable PCEs 20.2% 19.5% spin‐coating blade‐coating, respectively. Furthermore, 23.6 cm 2 module efficiency 16.7%. This study offers fresh perspective on tailoring photoactive materials printing through design, paving novel path enhance OSCs.

Язык: Английский

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