Archives of Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 205(10)
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2023
Язык: Английский
The Plant Cell, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(5), С. 1465 - 1481
Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2024
Abstract Plant diseases are a constant and serious threat to agriculture ecological biodiversity. Plants possess sophisticated innate immunity system capable of detecting responding pathogen infection prevent disease. Our understanding this has grown enormously over the past century. Early genetic descriptions plant disease resistance virulence were embodied in gene-for-gene hypothesis, while physiological studies identified pathogen-derived elicitors that could trigger defense responses cells tissues. Molecular these phenomena have now coalesced into an integrated model involving cell surface intracellular detection specific molecules proteins culminating induction various cellular responses. Extracellular receptors engage distinct signaling processes but converge on many similar outputs with substantial evidence for integration pathways interdependent networks controlling outcomes. Many molecular details recognition known, providing opportunities bioengineering enhance protection from Here we provide overview current main principles immunity, emphasis key scientific milestones leading insights.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
32
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 36(8), С. 461 - 467
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2023
The gene-for-gene model proposed by H. Flor has been one of the fundamental precepts plant-pathogen interactions that underpinned decades research towards our current concepts plant immunity. broad validity this as an elegant and accurate genetic description specific recognition events between products resistance (R) pathogen avirulence (Avr) genes demonstrated many times over in a wide variety disease systems. In recent years detailed molecular structural analyses have provided deep understanding principles which immune receptors recognize effectors, including providing descriptions loci flax rust characterized Flor. Recent advances receptor activation mechanisms brought field to new level, where rational design novel through engineering approaches is becoming realizable goal. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 Author(s). This open access article distributed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
32
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 73, С. 102363 - 102363
Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
27
The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 114(6), С. 1209 - 1226
Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2023
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are a fundamental process in cellular biogenesis. Here we have developed split GAL4 RUBY assay that enables macroscopically visual PPI detection plant leaves real time. Candidate interacting protein partners fused to specific domains of the yeast and herpes simplex virus VP16 transcription factors transiently expressed Nicotiana benthamina by Agrobacterium infiltration. PPI, may be either direct or indirect, results transcriptional activation reporter gene leading production highly metabolite, betalain, leaf tissue living plants. Samples require no processing for planta qualitative assessment, but with very simple steps is quantitative. Its accuracy demonstrated using series known mutant derivatives including factors, signalling molecules resistance proteins cognate pathogen effectors. Using this assay, association between wheat Sr27 stem rust disease corresponding AvrSr27 avirulence effector family produced detected. Interaction also observed encoded avrSr27-3 virulence allele. However, appears weaker which coupled lower expression during infection, likely virulent races avoid Sr27-mediated detection.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
21
iScience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(2), С. 108817 - 108817
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024
Plant Toll/interleukin-1 receptor/resistance protein (TIR) type nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) require enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1) family proteins the helper NLRs NRG1 ADR1 for activation. We show that
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 37(3), С. 171 - 178
Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2024
Crops are constantly exposed to pathogenic microbes. Rust fungi examples of these harmful microorganisms, which have a major economic impact on wheat production. To protect themselves from pathogens like rust fungi, plants employ multilayered immune system that includes immunoreceptors encoded by resistance genes. Significant efforts led the isolation numerous genes against in cereals, especially wheat. However, evolution virulence hinders durability as strategy for crop protection. other biotrophic pathogens, secrete an arsenal effectors facilitate infection, and molecules plant target pathogen recognition mounting defense responses. When recognized, effector proteins referred avirulence (Avr) effectors. Despite many predicted only five
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7
Frontiers in Genome Editing, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6
Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2024
Modern agriculture has encountered several challenges in achieving constant yield stability especially due to disease outbreaks and lack of long-term disease-resistant crop cultivars. In the past, economically important crops had a major impact on food security economy. On other hand climate-driven emergence new pathovars or changes their host specificity further poses serious threat sustainable agriculture. At present, chemical-based control strategies are frequently used microbial pathogens pests, but they have detrimental environment also resulted development resistant phyto-pathogens. As replacement, cultivating engineered can help minimize negative regular pesticides environment. Although traditional breeding genetic engineering been instrumental improvement certain limitations such as labour intensity, time consumption, low efficiency. this regard, genome editing emerged one potential tools for improving resistance by targeting multiple traits with more accuracy For instance, techniques, CRISPR/Cas9, CRISPR/Cas13, base editing, TALENs, ZFNs, meganucleases, proved successful through targeted mutagenesis, gene knockouts, knockdowns, modifications, activation target genes. CRISPR/Cas9 is unique among these techniques because its remarkable efficacy, risk off-target repercussions, ease use. Some primary targets developing CRISPR-mediated host-susceptibility genes (the S method), (R genes) pathogen material that prevents development, broad-spectrum resistance. The use methods notably ameliorate transform agricultural practices future. This review highlights phyto-pathogens productivity. Next, we discussed while focusing editing. We provided an update accomplishments improve against bacterial, fungal viral different systems. Finally, highlighted future systems enhancing
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6
New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 243(1), С. 314 - 329
Опубликована: Май 10, 2024
Summary Effector proteins are central to the success of plant pathogens, while immunity in host plants is driven by receptor‐mediated recognition these effectors. Understanding molecular details effector–receptor interactions key for engineering novel immune receptors. Here, we experimentally determined crystal structure Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici ( Pgt ) effector AvrSr27, which was not accurately predicted using AlphaFold2. We characterised role conserved cysteine residues AvrSr27 vitro biochemical assays and examined Sr27‐mediated transient expression Nicotiana spp. wheat protoplasts. The contains a β‐strand rich modular fold consisting two structurally similar domains that bind Zn 2+ ions. N‐terminal domain sufficient interaction with Sr27 triggering cell death. identified related but low sequence identity can also associate Sr27, albeit more weakly. Though only full‐length proteins, trigger Sr27‐dependent death systems. Collectively, our findings have important implications utilising protein prediction platforms those embarking on bespoke receptors as solutions disease.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Март 27, 2024
Abstract Basidiomycetes like rust fungi have complex reproductive cycles and dikaryotic life stages which influence their population structure evolution. Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae ( Pca ), the causal agent of oat crown rust, is a pathogen global economic importance. To investigate genetic diversity species, as well role mating type system nuclear exchange (somatic hybridization) in host adaptation we acquired whole genome sequencing data Taiwanese Australian isolates, adding to existing for USA South African populations. An atlas 30 chromosome-level, fully-phased haplotypes from six isolates nine was generated capture genomic composition key lineages. This study provides evidence recombination both populations mechanisms introduction diversity. The limitations assuming clonal evolutionary history virulence phenotyping demonstrated by detection either sexual or cryptic population. Overall, characterization intercontinental migration at haplotype level further impetus molecular monitoring on scale.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Molecular Plant Pathology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT Plant nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat (NLR) proteins are intracellular immune receptors that directly or indirectly perceive pathogen‐derived effector to induce an response. NLRs display diverse subcellular localisations, which associated with the capacity of receptor confer disease resistance and recognise its corresponding avirulence effector. In wheat, NLR PM3b recognises wheat powdery mildew AVRPM3 b2/c2 we examined molecular mechanism underlying this recognition. We show other PM3 variants localise endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–plasma membrane (PM) contact sites (EPCS), while localises nucleocytoplasmic space. Additionally, found interacts in planta through LRR domain. further demonstrate full‐length interaction is considerably weaker than for isolated domain susceptible variant PM3CS, indicating activation leads dissociation complex. line this, observed a strong between P‐loop mutant was unable initiate cell death response, when inactive used. propose transiently residues conserved among variants, amino acids necessary full signalling unique PM3b. Our data suggests localisation differ from well‐studied highlights mechanistic diversity NLR‐mediated responses against pathogens plants.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0