Applications of synthetic biology in medical and pharmaceutical fields

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Май 11, 2023

Abstract Synthetic biology aims to design or assemble existing bioparts bio-components for useful bioproperties. During the past decades, progresses have been made build delicate biocircuits, standardized biological building blocks and develop various genomic/metabolic engineering tools approaches. Medical pharmaceutical demands also pushed development of synthetic biology, including integration heterologous pathways into designer cells efficiently produce medical agents, enhanced yields natural products in cell growth media equal higher than that extracts from plants fungi, constructions novel genetic circuits tumor targeting, controllable releases therapeutic agents response specific biomarkers fight diseases such as diabetes cancers. Besides, new strategies are developed treat complex immune diseases, infectious metabolic disorders hard cure via traditional In general, brings capabilities researches. This review summarizes timeline developments, present microbial productions pharmaceutics, engineered equipped with DNA diagnosis therapies, live auto-assemblied biomaterials treatments, cell-free fields, approaches potentials biomedical applications.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Action of Cannabidiol

Molecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(16), С. 5980 - 5980

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2023

Cannabidiol (CBD) is the primary non-psychoactive chemical from Cannabis Sativa, a plant used for centuries both recreational and medicinal purposes. CBD lacks psychotropic effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) has shown great therapeutic potential. exerts wide spectrum at molecular, cellular, organ level, affecting inflammation, oxidative damage, cell survival, pain, vasodilation, excitability, among others, modifying many physiological pathophysiological processes. There evidence that may be effective in treating several human disorders, like anxiety, chronic psychiatric pathologies, cardiovascular diseases, even cancer. Multiple cellular pre-clinical studies using animal models disease trials have an overall safe profile. In this review article, we summarize pharmacokinetics data, putative mechanisms action CBD, reported to give comprehensive list findings major attributed compound.

Язык: Английский

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Therapeutic potential of cannabidiol polypharmacology in neuropsychiatric disorders

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Cannabidiol (CBD), the primary non-intoxicating compound in cannabis, is currently approved for treating rare, treatment-resistant seizures. Recent preclinical research suggests that CBD's multifaceted mechanisms of action brain, which involve multiple molecular targets, underlie its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, and antipsychotic effects. Clinical trials are also exploring therapeutic potential beyond current uses. This review focuses on polypharmacological profile discusses latest clinical findings regarding efficacy neuropsychiatric disorders. Existing evidence ability to modulate signaling pathways may benefit disorders, we propose further areas clarify mechanisms, address data gaps, refine indications.

Язык: Английский

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The molecular activity of cannabidiol in the regulation of Nrf2 system interacting with NF-κB pathway under oxidative stress

Redox Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 57, С. 102489 - 102489

Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2022

Cannabidiol (CBD), the major non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid of Cannabis sativa L., is one most studied compounds in pharmacotherapeutic approaches to treat oxidative stress-related diseases such as cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and neoplastic diseases. The literature data date indicate possibility both antioxidant pro-oxidative effects CBD. Thus, mechanism action this natural compound regulation nuclear factor 2 associated with erythroid (Nrf2), which plays role main cytoprotective regulator redox balance inflammation under stress conditions, seems be particularly important. Moreover, Nrf2 strongly correlated cellular profile malignancy, turn critical determining response induced by CBD pathophysiological conditions. This paper summarizes CBD-mediated pathways system altering expression modification proteins directly involved transcriptional activity relationship between kappa B (NF-κB) another redox-sensitive transcription factor.

Язык: Английский

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Cannabidiol: Bridge between Antioxidant Effect, Cellular Protection, and Cognitive and Physical Performance

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2), С. 485 - 485

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2023

The literature provides scientific evidence for the beneficial effects of cannabidiol (CBD), and these extend beyond epilepsy treatment (e.g., Lennox–Gastaut Dravet syndromes), notably influence on oxidative status, neurodegeneration, cellular protection, cognitive function, physical performance. However, products containing CBD are not allowed to be marketed everywhere in world, which may ultimately have a negative effect health as result uncontrolled market. After isolation follows discovery CB1 CB2 receptors main enzymatic components (diacylglycerol lipase (DAG lipase), monoacyl glycerol (MAGL), fatty acid amino hydrolase (FAAH)). At same time, antioxidant potential is due only molecular structure but also fact that this compound increases expression endogenous systems, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), through nuclear complex erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2)/Keep1. Regarding role control inflammation, function exercised by inhibiting (nuclear kappa B) NF-κB, genes encode molecules with pro-inflammatory (cytokines metalloproteinases). other performance should excluded. In conclusion, market needs regulated more thoroughly, given previously listed properties, mention safety profile very good one.

Язык: Английский

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Cannabinoids in the Modulation of Oxidative Signaling

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(3), С. 2513 - 2513

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2023

Cannabis sativa-derived compounds, such as delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), components of the endocannabinoids system, N-arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide, AEA) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), are extensively studied to investigate their numerous biological effects, including powerful antioxidant effects. Indeed, a series recent studies have indicated that many disorders characterized by alterations in intracellular which lead macromolecule damage. These pathological conditions an unbalanced, most often increased, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. For this study, it was interest recapitulate properties these natural for part CBD THC, on production ROS modulation redox state, with emphasis use various reduction can be clinically useful, neurodegenerative disorders, inflammatory conditions, autoimmunity, cancers. The further development ROS-based fundamental research focused cannabis compounds could beneficial future clinical applications.

Язык: Английский

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Cannabidiol (CBD) Acts as an Antioxidant on Gardnerella vaginalis, Resulting in Reduced Metabolic Activity, Loss of Survivability, and Elimination of Biofilms

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(2), С. 136 - 136

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Background: Gardnerella vaginalis is a natural inhabitant of the vagina, but when an imbalance occurs in vaginal microbiota, this bacterium can cause vaginosis, condition that must be treated symptomatic and prior to gynecological intervention. Cannabidiol (CBD) anti-inflammatory compound also has antibacterial activities against several Gram-positive certain Gram-negative bacteria. Objectives: Since G. opportunistic pathogenic Gram-variable bacterium, we investigated its response CBD. Methods: The activity CBD was studied by broth dilution assay, changes intracellular ATP levels, ability bacteria recover on chocolate agar plates. antibiofilm MTT metabolic crystal violet staining, HR-SEM. Flow cytometric analyses were performed measure membrane potential, perforation, activity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production analyzed using nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) reagent. Gene expression determined semi-quantitative real-time PCR, while protein composition LC-MS/MS analysis. Results: We observed clinical isolates exhibited high susceptibility with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 2.5 µg/mL induced rapid hyperpolarization caused cytoplasmic leakage without increasing propidium iodide uptake. This accompanied reduced loss survivability. Proteomic analysis revealed decreased some ribosomal-associated proteins. antioxidant reducing ROS levels dose-dependent manner. effect neutralized free radical scavenger α-tocopherol, suggesting involvement radicals executing effect. Importantly, not only prevented biofilm formation biomass preformed, mature biofilms. Real-time PCR for 6 h showed increase biofilm-associated genes, mainly due did alter adhere HeLa cervical carcinoma cells CBD-treated still phagocytosed RAW264.7 macrophages. Conclusions: Our study shows exhibits thus potential drug treatment vaginosis bacterium.

Язык: Английский

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Anti-Microbial Activity of Phytocannabinoids and Endocannabinoids in the Light of Their Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(3), С. 631 - 631

Опубликована: Март 9, 2022

Antibiotic resistance has become an increasing challenge in the treatment of various infectious diseases, especially those associated with biofilm formation on biotic and abiotic materials. There is urgent need for new protocols that can also target biofilm-embedded bacteria. Many secondary metabolites plants possess anti-bacterial activities, phytocannabinoids Cannabis sativa L. varieties have reached a renaissance attracted much attention their anti-microbial anti-biofilm activities at concentrations below cytotoxic threshold normal mammalian cells. Accordingly, many synthetic cannabinoids been designed intention to increase specificity selectivity compounds. The structurally unrelated endocannabinoids found activities. Recent data suggest mutual communication between endocannabinoid system gut microbiota. present review focuses integrated some selected issues physiological pharmacological

Язык: Английский

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Determining Antioxidant Activity of Cannabis Leaves Extracts from Different Varieties—Unveiling Nature’s Treasure Trove

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(7), С. 1390 - 1390

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2023

Cannabis leaves contain a diverse range of antioxidants, including cannabinoids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds, which offer significant health benefits. Utilising cannabis as source antioxidants presents cost-effective approach because they are typically discarded during the cultivation plants for their seeds or fibres. Therefore, this presented study aimed to assess antioxidant activity selected hemp cultivars, such Białobrzeska, Tygra, Henola, based on results obtained with 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, ferric reducing power, cupric capacity, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays. The cannabinoid profile was analysed contents cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), cannabichromene (CBC), determined chromatographic following variables were tested: impact various extractants (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol), mixtures (50:50, v/v, well extraction methods (maceration ultra-sound-assisted extraction) in obtaining extracts characterised by different profiles. revealed that selection extractant conditions significantly influenced active compounds' efficiency activity. Among tested conditions, ultrasound-assisted using methanol yielded highest profile: CBD = 184.51 ± 5.61; CBG 6.10 0.21; Δ9-THC 0.51 0.01; CBC 0.71 0.01 μg/g potential Białobrzeska leaf extracts.

Язык: Английский

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Harnessing Cannabis sativa Oil for Enhanced Skin Wound Healing: The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species Regulation

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(10), С. 1277 - 1277

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2024

emerges as a noteworthy candidate for its medicinal potential, particularly in wound healing. This review article explores the efficacy of cannabis oil reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) during healing acute and chronic wounds, comparing it to standard treatments. ROS, produced from various internal external sources, play crucial role development by causing cell tissue damage. Understanding ROS on skin wounds is essential, they act both signaling molecules contributors oxidative Cannabis oil, recognized antioxidant properties, may help mitigate damage scavenging upregulating antioxidative mechanisms, potentially enhancing emphasizes ongoing research future potential dermatological treatments, highlighted through clinical studies patent updates. Despite promising benefits, optimizing formulations therapeutic applications remains challenge, underscoring need further realize capabilities wounds.

Язык: Английский

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