Toward an improved definition of a healthy microbiome for healthy aging

Nature Aging, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2(11), С. 1054 - 1069

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2022

The gut microbiome is a modifier of disease risk because it interacts with nutrition, metabolism, immunity and infection. Aging-related health loss has been correlated transition to different states. Microbiome summary indices including alpha diversity are apparently useful describe these states but belie taxonomic differences that determine biological importance. We analyzed 21,000 fecal microbiomes from seven data repositories, across five continents spanning participant ages 18-107 years, revealing uniqueness correlate aging, not healthy aging. Among statistics tested, only Kendall accurately reflects the core abundance ranking disease-associated health-associated taxa. Increased taxa depletion coabundant subset generic feature These alterations stronger correlates unhealthy aging than most thus help identify better targets for therapeutic modulation microbiome.

Язык: Английский

---

Irritable Bowel Syndrome and the Gut Microbiome: A Comprehensive Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(7), С. 2558 - 2558

Опубликована: Март 28, 2023

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. It has prevalence 10 to 25% in United States high disease burden, as evidenced reduced quality life, decreased work productivity increased healthcare utilization costs. IBS been associated with several intra-intestinal extra-intestinal conditions, including psychiatric comorbidities. Although pathophysiology not fully elucidated, it involves dysregulation communication between brain gut (brain–gut axis) which alterations intestinal motility, permeability, visceral hypersensitivity microbiota composition. The purpose this article review role plays IBS, understand factors that affect microbiome explore target treatment.

Язык: Английский

---

Synthetic microbial communities (SynComs) of the human gut: design, assembly, and applications

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 47(2)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Abstract The human gut harbors native microbial communities, forming a highly complex ecosystem. Synthetic communities (SynComs) of the are an assembly microorganisms isolated from mucosa or fecal samples. In recent decades, ever-expanding culturing capacity and affordable sequencing, together with advanced computational modeling, started ‘‘golden age’’ for harnessing beneficial potential SynComs to fight gastrointestinal disorders, such as infections chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. As simplified completely defined microbiota, offer promising reductionist approach understanding multispecies multikingdom interactions in microbe–host-immune axis. However, there still many challenges overcome before we can precisely construct designed function efficacy that allow translation scientific findings patients’ treatments. Here, discussed strategies used design, assemble, test SynCom, address significant challenges, which microbiological, engineering, translational nature, stand way using live bacterial therapeutics.

Язык: Английский

---

Role of probiotics in managing various human diseases, from oral pathology to cancer and gastrointestinal diseases

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024

The imbalance of microbial composition and diversity in favor pathogenic microorganisms combined with a loss beneficial gut microbiota taxa results from factors such as age, diet, antimicrobial administration for different infections, other underlying medical conditions, etc. Probiotics are known their capacity to improve health by stimulating the indigenous microbiota, enhancing host immunity resistance infection, helping digestion, carrying out various functions. Concurrently, metabolites produced these microorganisms, termed postbiotics, which include compounds like bacteriocins, lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, contribute inhibiting wide range bacteria. This review presents an update on using probiotics managing treating human diseases, including complications that may emerge during or after COVID-19 infection.

Язык: Английский

---

Effects of dietary fibre on metabolic health and obesity

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(5), С. 301 - 318

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Gut microbiome in Parkinson's disease: New insights from meta-analysis

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 94, С. 1 - 9

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2021

Язык: Английский

---

Gut microbiota dysbiosis in functional gastrointestinal disorders: Underpinning the symptoms and pathophysiology

JGH Open, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 5(9), С. 976 - 987

Опубликована: Март 23, 2021

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), currently known as of gut-brain interaction, are emerging microbiota-gut-brain abnormalities that prevalent worldwide. The pathogenesis FGIDs is heterogeneous and intertwined with gut microbiota its derived molecule-modulated mechanisms, including dysmotility, visceral hypersensitivity, immune abnormalities, abnormal secretion, impaired barrier function. There has been phenomenal progress in understanding the role by underpinning species alternations between healthy pathological conditions such FGIDs. However, precise microbiota-directed cellular molecular pathogeneses yet enigmatic. Determining mechanistic link (GI) diseases difficult due to (i) lack robust animal models imitating various aspects human FGID pathophysiology; (ii) absence longitudinal and/or studies unveil interaction FGID-relevant pathogenesis; (iii) uncertainty about connections studies; (iv) insufficient data supporting a holistic view disease-specific pathophysiological changes patients. These unidentified gaps open possibilities explore mechanisms directed through dysbiosis current treatment options for dysbiotic limited; dietary interventions, antibiotics, probiotics, fecal transplantation front-line clinical options. Here, we review contribution molecules homeostasis possible involved leading potential therapeutics

Язык: Английский

---

Microbial Dysregulation of the Gut-Lung Axis in Bronchiectasis

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 207(7), С. 908 - 920

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2022

Rationale: Emerging data support the existence of a microbial "gut-lung" axis that remains unexplored in bronchiectasis. Methods: Prospective and concurrent sampling gut (stool) lung (sputum) was performed cohort n = 57 individuals with bronchiectasis subjected to bacteriome (16S rRNA) mycobiome (18S Internal Transcribed Spacer) sequencing (total, 228 microbiomes). Shotgun metagenomics subset (n 15; 30 Data from compartments were integrated by weighted similarity network fusion, clustered, co-occurrence analysis evaluate gut-lung networks. Murine experiments undertaken validate specific Pseudomonas-driven interactions. Results: Microbial communities stable demonstrate significant interaction. Multibiome integration followed unsupervised clustering reveals two patient clusters, differing interactions contrasting clinical phenotypes. A high interaction cluster, characterized Pseudomonas, Bacteroides, Saccharomyces, is associated increased exacerbations greater radiological overall severity, whereas low cluster demonstrates an overrepresentation commensals, including Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas Candida. The Pseudomonas-gut Bacteroides relationship, observed validated murine model Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. This abrogated after antibiotic (imipenem) pretreatment mice confirming relevance therapeutic potential targeting microbiome influence axis. Metagenomics corroborated our findings targeted analyses. Conclusions: dysregulated axis, driven associates poorer outcomes

Язык: Английский

---

The Maternal–Fetal Gut Microbiota Axis: Physiological Changes, Dietary Influence, and Modulation Possibilities

Life, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(3), С. 424 - 424

Опубликована: Март 15, 2022

The prenatal period and the first years of life have a significant impact on health issues quality an individual. appropriate development immune system central nervous are thought to be major critical determining events. In parallel these, establishing early intestinal microbiota community is another important factor for future well-being interfering with postnatal developmental processes. This review aims at summarizing main characteristics maternal gut its possible transmission offspring, thereby affecting fetal and/or neonatal health. Since dietary factors potential modulators maternal-fetal axis, we will outline current knowledge certain diets, nutritional factors, during pregnancy offspring's

Язык: Английский

---

Current Treatment Options and Therapeutic Insights for Gastrointestinal Dysmotility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2022

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) have been re-named as of gut-brain interactions. These conditions are not only common in clinical practice, but also the community. In reference to Rome IV criteria, most FGIDs, include functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Additionally, there is substantial overlap these other specific motility disorders, such gastroparesis. heterogeneous intertwined with several proposed pathophysiological mechanisms, altered gut motility, intestinal barrier dysfunction, immune visceral hypersensitivity, GI secretion, presence degree bile acid malabsorption, microbial dysbiosis, alterations axis. The treatment options currently available lifestyle modifications, dietary microbiota manipulation interventions including fecal transplantation, prokinetics, antispasmodics, laxatives, centrally peripherally acting neuromodulators. However, that targets mechanisms underlying symptoms scanty. Pharmacological agents developed based on cellular molecular pathologies might provide best avenue for future pharmaceutical development. therapies lack long-term effectiveness safety their use treat FGIDs. Furthermore, fundamental challenges treating should be defined; instance, 1. Cause effect cannot disentangled between due current entail off-label medications symptoms. 2. Despite knowledge our plays an essential part maintaining health, exact functions homeostasis still unclear. What constitutes a healthy microbiome further, precise definition dysbiosis lacking. More comprehensive, large-scale, longitudinal studies utilizing multi-omics data needed dissect contribution disease pathogenesis. Accordingly, we review options, insight pathophysiology, therapeutic modalities, challenges, clues care management dyspepsia, gastroparesis, syndrome, constipation, diarrhea.

Язык: Английский

---