Particle & Particle Systems Characterization,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2024
Abstract
Graphene
quantum
dots
are
a
subclass
of
graphene‐based
materials
that
exhibit
unique
properties
due
to
their
nanoscale
size
and
confinement
effects.
Discovered
in
the
early
21st
century,
these
zero‐dimensional
carbon
nanomaterials
have
rapidly
become
important
nanotechnology
research
diverse
applications.
In
recent
years,
medical
community
has
been
greatly
benefited
from
materials,
significantly
enhancing
human
health
well‐being
with
theranostic
approaches.
The
present
review
explores
various
applications
graphene
diagnostic
therapeutic,
unraveling
potential
contributions
advancing
healthcare.
Furthermore,
this
elucidates
synthesis
methods
utilized
for
dots,
encompassing
range
top‐down
bottom‐up
Next,
fundamental
including
structural,
optical,
electrical
make
them
potent
nanomaterial
use
healthcare
elucidated
enhanced
reader
comprehension.
Additionally,
opportunities
challenges
ahead,
offering
valuable
insights
help
scientific
strategically
expand
dot‐based
advanced
Journal of Materials Chemistry B,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(18), С. 4307 - 4334
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Recent
advancements
pertaining
to
the
application
of
GQD-based
nanosystems
in
photothermal
and
photodynamic
cancer
therapies
are
discussed,
highlighting
crucial
challenges,
advantages,
future
perspectives.
Applied Physics Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(2)
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2024
Zero-dimensional
(0D)
nano-carbons,
including
graphene
quantum
dots,
nanodiamonds,
and
carbon
represent
the
new
generation
of
carbon-based
nanomaterials
with
exceptional
properties
arising
from
diverse
phenomena,
such
as
surface,
size,
edge
effects,
which
strongly
depend
on
carbon–carbon
bond
configuration
(sp2,
sp3,
a
mixture
sp2
sp3)
particle
size.
Their
unique
physicochemical
properties,
optical,
electronic,
magnetic,
reactivity,
catalytic
are
valuable
for
energy
conversion
storage,
sensing,
catalysis,
optoelectronic
devices,
modern
nanotechnologies,
biomedical,
many
other
applications.
This
review
aims
to
provide
insights
into
distinctive
effects
0D
nano-carbon
microstructures
their
that
crucial
cutting-edge
fundamental
studies
broad
range
multifunctional
The
key
synthesis
methods
different
types
nano-carbons
current
advances
characterization
computational
techniques
study
structures
structure–property
relationships
also
discussed.
concludes
status,
challenges,
future
opportunities
in
this
rapidly
developing
research
field.
Graphene
quantum
dots
(GQDs)
are
a
newly
developed
class
of
material,
known
as
zero-dimensional
nanomaterials,
with
characteristics
derived
from
both
carbon
(CDs)
and
graphene.
GQDs
exhibit
several
ideal
properties,
including
the
potential
to
absorb
incident
energy,
high
water
solubility,
tunable
photoluminescence,
good
stability,
drug-loading
capacity,
notable
biocompatibility,
which
make
them
powerful
tools
for
various
applications
in
field
biomedicine.
Additionally,
can
be
incorporated
additional
materials
develop
nanocomposites
exceptional
qualities
enriched
functionalities.
Inspired
by
intriguing
scientific
discoveries
substantial
contributions
biomedicine,
we
present
broad
overview
recent
advancements
GQDs-based
biomedical
applications.
The
review
first
outlines
latest
synthesis
classification
nanocomposite
enables
their
use
advanced
composite
Furthermore,
systematic
study
drug
delivery,
biosensing,
photothermal,
photodynamic
combination
therapies
emphasized.
Finally,
possibilities,
challenges,
paths
highlighted
encourage
research,
will
lead
new
therapeutics
global
healthcare
improvements.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(19), С. 10539 - 10539
Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2024
Cancer
therapy
is
constantly
evolving,
with
a
growing
emphasis
on
targeted
and
efficient
treatment
options.
In
this
context,
graphene
quantum
dots
(GQDs)
have
emerged
as
promising
agents
for
precise
drug
gene
delivery
due
to
their
unique
attributes,
such
high
surface
area,
photoluminescence,
up-conversion
biocompatibility.
GQDs
can
damage
cancer
cells
exhibit
intrinsic
photothermal
conversion
singlet
oxygen
generation
efficiency
under
specific
light
irradiation,
enhancing
effectiveness.
They
serve
direct
therapeutic
versatile
platforms
capable
of
being
easily
functionalized
various
targeting
molecules
agents.
However,
challenges
achieving
uniform
size
morphology,
bandgap
engineering,
scalability,
along
minimizing
cytotoxicity
the
environmental
impact
production,
must
be
addressed.
Additionally,
there
need
more
comprehensive
understanding
cellular
mechanisms
release
processes,
well
improved
purification
methods.
Integrating
into
existing
systems
enhances
efficacy
traditional
treatments,
offering
less
invasive
options
patients.
This
review
highlights
transformative
potential
in
while
acknowledging
that
researchers
overcome
broader
application.
In
this
study,
the
synthesis,
characterization,
density
functional
theory
calculations
(DFT),
and
effect
of
polyethylenimine
(PEI)-functionalized
nitrogen-doped
graphene
quantum
dots
(PEI
N-GQDs)
their
palladium
metal
nanoparticles
nanocomposites
(PdNPs/PEI
on
cancer
cells
were
extensively
investigated.
The
focus
also
includes
investigating
cytotoxic
apoptotic
effects
ovarian
cells,
which
pose
a
serious
risk
to
women's
health
have
high
death
rates
from
delayed
diagnosis,
inadequate
response
treatment,
decreased
survival.
Graphene
differentially
effective
against
cell
lines.
particular,
smaller
particle
size
morphology
PdNPs/PEI
N-GQDs
compared
with
PEI
probably
enhance
activity
through
highly
improved
uptake
by
cells.
These
findings
emphasize
importance
in
composite
drugs
for
efficient
treatment.
DFT
results
revealed
that
Pd-containing
nanocomposite,
highest
occupied
molecular
orbital–lowest
unoccupied
orbital
gap,
exhibited
higher
reactivity
anticancer
human
line,
OVCAR-3.
Significantly,
application
initiated
apoptosis,
offering
valuable
insights
into
intricate
interplay
between
nanomaterials
biology.
Cancer
photothermal
therapy
leverages
the
capability
of
agents
to
convert
light
heat
for
cancer
cell
ablation
and
necrosis.
However,
most
conventional
(Au,
CuS,
Pd,
mesoporous
silica
nanoparticles,
indocyanine
green
dye)
either
face
scalability
challenges
or
photobleached
upon
prolonged
irradiation
which
jeopardizes
practical
applications.
Here,
asphaltenes-derived
carbon
dots
(ACDs,
5
nm)
are
rationally
engineered
as
a
low-cost
photostable
agent
with
negligible
in
vivo
cytotoxicity.
The
abundant
water-solvating
functional
groups
on
ACDs
surface
endows
them
excellent
water
re-dispersibility
that
outperforms
those
commercial
nanomaterials.
Photothermal
therapeutic
property
is
mechanistically
described
by
non-radiative
transitions
excited
electrons
at
808
nm
via
internal
conversions
vibrational
relaxations.
Consequently,
offer
mice
within
15
days
post-exposure
one-time
near
infrared
irradiation.
This
pioneering
study
showcases
first
utilization
asphaltenes-based
materials
expected
arouse
further
such
various
theranostics.
ACS Applied Bio Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2024
Cancer
is
becoming
a
global
threat,
as
the
cancerous
cells
manipulate
themselves
frequently,
resulting
in
mutants
and
more
abnormalities.
Early-stage
real-time
detection
of
cancer
biomarkers
can
provide
insight
into
designing
cost-effective
diagnostic
therapeutic
modalities.
Nanoparticle
quantum
dot
(QD)-based
approaches
have
been
recognized
clinically
relevant
methods
to
detect
disease
at
molecular
level.
Over
decades,
an
emergent
noninvasive
approach,
photothermal
therapy
has
evolved
eradicate
cancer.
Moreover,
various
structures,
viz.,
nanoparticles,
clusters,
dots,
etc.,
tested
bioimaging
agents
identify
tumor
selectively.
Among
them,
QDs
versatile
probes.
They
attracted
enormous
attention
for
imaging
applications
due
their
unique
colloidal
stability,
optical
physicochemical
properties,
biocompatibility,
easy
surface
conjugation,
scalable
production,
etc.
However,
few
critical
concerns
QDs,
precise
engineering
sensing,
selective
interaction
with
biological
system,
associated
toxicity,
restrict
potential
intervention
curing
are
yet
be
explored.
According
U.S.
Food
Drug
Administration
(FDA),
there
no
specific
regulation
approval
nanomedicines.
Therefore,
these
nanomedicines
undergo
traditional
drug,
biological,
device
process.
market
survey
increasing,
prospects
translational
nanomedicine
very
promising.
From
this
perspective,
we
discuss
importance
imaging,
usage
pertinent
cancer,
especially
its
early
stages.
also
rapidly
growing
view
QDs.
The
long-term
safety
studies
cellular
could
enhance
visibility
bring
photothermally
active
clinical
stage
concurrently
FDA
approval.
Quantum
dots
(QDs)
semiconducting
nanomaterials,
have
garnered
attention
due
to
their
distinctive
properties,
including
small
size,
high
luminescence,
and
biocompatibility.
In
the
context
of
triple-negative
breast
cancer
(TNBC),
notorious
for
its
resistance
conventional
treatments,
QDs
exhibit
promising
potential
enhancing
diagnostic
imaging
providing
targeted
therapies.
This
review
underscores
recent
advancements
in
utilization
techniques,
such
as
fluorescence
tomography
magnetic
resonance
imaging,
aiming
at
early
precise
detection
tumors.
Emphasis
is
placed
on
significance
QD
design,
synthesis
functionalization
processes
well
use
innovative
strategies
drug
delivery,
capitalizing
ability
selectively
deliver
therapeutic
agents
cells.
As
research
this
field
advances
rapidly,
covers
a
classification
according
composition,
characterization
techniques
than
can
be
used
determine
properties
and,
subsequently,
emphasizes
findings
TNBC-targeting,
highlighting
imperative
need
address
challenges,
like
toxicity
or
methodologies
standardization.
Collectively,
explored
thus
far
suggest
that
could
pave
way
diagnosis
effective
therapy
TNBC,
representing
significant
stride
toward
personalized
treating
TNBC.
