Molecular Ecology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
31(22), С. 5813 - 5830
Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2022
The
endosymbiosis
between
most
corals
and
their
photosynthetic
dinoflagellate
partners
begins
early
in
the
host
life
history,
when
are
larvae
or
juvenile
polyps.
capacity
of
coral
to
buffer
climate-induced
stress
while
process
symbiont
acquisition
could
come
with
physiological
trade-offs
that
alter
behaviour,
development,
settlement
survivorship.
Here
we
examined
joint
effects
thermal
symbiosis
onset
on
colonization
dynamics,
survival,
metamorphosis
gene
expression
Acropora
digitifera
larvae.
We
found
decreased
hosts
by
50%
density
98.5%
over
2
weeks.
Temperature
also
influenced
larval
survival
an
additive
manner,
where
colonized
fared
worse
prematurely
metamorphosed
more
often
than
noncolonized
under
stress.
Transcriptomic
responses
treatments
were
largely
independent,
interaction
these
revealed
contrasting
profiles
genes
function
response,
immunity,
inflammation
cell
cycle
regulation.
combined
treatment
either
cancelled
lowered
magnitude
heat-stress
responsive
presence
symbionts,
revealing
a
cost
acquiring
symbionts
at
stage
elevated
temperatures.
In
addition,
immune
suppression,
hallmark
ambient
temperature,
turned
activation
heat
Thus,
integrating
physical
environment
biotic
pressures
mediate
presettlement
event
corals,
our
results
suggest
may
hinder
recruitment
projected
climate
scenarios.
Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
291(2017)
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024
Mutualistic
symbioses
between
cnidarians
and
photosynthetic
algae
are
modulated
by
complex
interactions
host
immunity
environmental
conditions.
Here,
we
investigate
how
symbiosis
interacts
with
food
limitation
to
influence
gene
expression
stress
response
programming
in
the
sea
anemone
Exaiptasia
pallida
(Aiptasia).
Transcriptomic
responses
starvation
were
similar
symbiotic
aposymbiotic
Aiptasia;
however,
stronger.
Starved
Aiptasia
of
both
states
exhibited
increased
protein
levels
immune-related
transcription
factor
NF-κB,
its
associated
pathways,
putative
target
genes.
However,
this
starvation-induced
increase
NF-κB
correlated
only
anemones.
Furthermore,
had
opposite
effects
on
susceptibility
pathogen
oxidative
challenges,
suggesting
distinct
energetic
priorities
under
scarce
Finally,
when
compared
those
a
facultative
coral
non-symbiotic
anemone,
‘defence’
similarly
regulated
coral,
but
not
anemone.
This
pattern
suggests
that
capacity
for
influences
immune
cnidarians.
In
summary,
certain
pathways—including
NF-κB—does
necessarily
predict
pathogens,
highlighting
complexities
cnidarian
varying
demands.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
120(24)
Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2023
Coral
reefs
are
highly
diverse
ecosystems
of
immense
ecological,
economic,
and
aesthetic
importance
built
on
the
calcium-carbonate-based
skeletons
stony
corals.
The
formation
these
is
threatened
by
increasing
ocean
temperatures
acidification,
a
deeper
understanding
molecular
mechanisms
involved
may
assist
efforts
to
mitigate
effects
such
anthropogenic
stressors.
In
this
study,
we
focused
role
predicted
bicarbonate
transporter
SLC4γ,
which
was
suggested
in
previous
studies
be
product
gene
duplication
have
coral-skeleton
formation.
Our
comparative-genomics
study
using
30
coral
species
15
outgroups
indicates
that
SLC4γ
present
throughout
corals,
but
not
their
non-skeleton-forming
relatives,
apparently
arose
at
onset
stony-coral
evolution.
expression
show
,
closely
related
ancestral
SLC4β
upregulated
during
development
coincident
with
skeleton
deposition.
Moreover,
juvenile
polyps
carrying
CRISPR/Cas9-induced
mutations
defective
formation,
severity
defect
individual
animals
correlated
frequencies
mutations.
Taken
together,
results
suggest
evolution
corals
neofunctionalization
newly
arisen
for
unique
provision
concentrated
calcium-carbonate
also
demonstrate
feasibility
reverse-genetic
ecologically
important
traits
adult
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
120(40)
Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2023
The
planula
larvae
of
the
sea
anemone
Aiptasia
have
so
far
not
been
reported
to
complete
their
life
cycle
by
undergoing
metamorphosis
into
adult
forms.
This
has
a
major
obstacle
in
use
as
model
for
coral-dinoflagellate
endosymbiosis.
Here,
we
show
that
actively
feed
on
crustacean
nauplii,
displaying
preference
live
prey.
feeding
behavior
relies
functional
stinging
cells,
indicative
complex
neuronal
control.
Regular
leads
significant
size
increase,
morphological
changes,
and
efficient
settlement
around
14
d
postfertilization.
Surprisingly,
presence
dinoflagellate
endosymbionts
does
affect
larval
growth
or
dynamics
but
is
crucial
sexual
reproduction.
Our
findings
finally
close
Aiptasia's
highlight
nature
its
larvae,
Haeckel's
Gastrea
postulate,
yet
reveal
active
carnivory,
thus
contributing
our
understanding
early
metazoan
evolution.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
379(1901)
Опубликована: Март 18, 2024
Coral
growth
depends
on
the
partnership
between
animal
hosts
and
their
intracellular,
photosynthetic
dinoflagellate
symbionts.
In
this
study,
we
used
sea
anemone
Aiptasia
,
a
laboratory
model
for
coral
biology,
to
investigate
poorly
understood
mechanisms
that
mediate
symbiosis
establishment
maintenance.
We
found
initial
colonization
of
both
adult
polyps
larvae
by
compatible
algal
strain
was
more
effective
when
algae
were
able
photosynthesize
long-term
maintenance
also
depended
photosynthesis.
dark,
cells
taken
up
into
host
gastrodermal
not
rapidly
expelled,
but
they
seemed
unable
reproduce
thus
gradually
lost.
When
confocal
microscopy
examine
interaction
with
two
strains
cannot
establish
stable
symbioses
it
appeared
pre-
post-phagocytosis
involved.
With
one
strain,
entered
gastric
cavity
be
completely
excluded
from
cells.
other
small
numbers
proliferate
there
slowly
lost
upon
further
incubation.
asked
if
exclusion
either
incompatible
could
result
simply
cells'
being
too
large
accommodate.
However,
size
distributions
overlapped
extensively.
Moreover,
examination
macerates
confirmed
earlier
reports
individual
expand
accommodate
multiple
This
article
is
part
theme
issue
‘Sculpting
microbiome:
how
factors
determine
respond
microbial
colonization’.
Frontiers in Marine Science,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
8
Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2021
The
intensity
and
frequency
of
coral
bleaching
events
have
increased
worldwide
especially
due
to
thermal
stress
seawater
pollution.
Although
it
has
been
observed
that
metal
concentration
in
can
affect
the
coral’s
ability
adopt
cellular
defensive
mechanisms
counteract
bleaching,
more
investigations
are
needed
better
understand
role
metals
physiology.
In
this
study,
we
analyzed
individual
combined
effects
prolonged
heat
manganese
(Mn)
iron
(Fe)
enrichments
at
level
on
Stylophora
pistillata
.
Thermal
caused
an
up-regulation
expression
host
Heat
shock
proteins
(Hsps)
60
70,
which
showed
a
parallel
pattern
modulation
all
treatments,
as
well
increase
lipid
peroxidation
(LPO)
holobiont.
Fe
enrichment
did
not
induce
any
change
Hsp
or
oxidative
status
corals
both
ambient
temperature
26°C
temperature,
suggesting
didn’t
seem
play
mitigating
damages
bleaching.
Mn
MnFe
seemed
zooxanthellae,
since
high
LPO
glutathione
reductase
(GR)
levels
were
recorded,
but
cause
effect
polyp
expression,
probably
antioxidant
action
GR.
With
increase,
prevented
significant
decrease
GR
activity,
strengthening
previous
hypothesis
could
mitigate
negative
produced
by
stress.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
88(12)
Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2022
Bidirectional
nutrient
flow
between
partners
is
integral
to
the
cnidarian-dinoflagellate
endosymbiosis.
However,
our
current
knowledge
of
transporter
proteins
that
regulate
and
metabolite
trafficking
nascent.
Four
transmembrane
transporters
likely
play
an
important
role
in
interpartner
nitrogen
carbon
exchange
were
investigated
with
immunocytochemistry
model
sea
anemone
Exaiptasia
diaphana
("Aiptasia";
strain
NZ1):
ammonium
1
(AMT1),
V-type
proton
ATPase
(VHA),
facilitated
glucose
member
8
(GLUT8),
aquaporin-3
(AQP3).
Anemones
lacking
symbionts
compared
those
symbiosis
either
their
typical,
homologous
dinoflagellate
symbiont,
Breviolum
minutum,
or
heterologous
species,
Durusdinium
trenchii
Symbiodinium
microadriaticum.
AMT1
VHA
only
detected
symbiotic
Aiptasia,
irrespective
symbiont
type.
GLUT8
AQP3
both
aposymbiotic
states.
All
localized
epidermis
gastrodermis,
though
localization
patterns
host
tissues
heavily
influenced
by
identity,
S.
microadriaticum-colonized
anemones
showing
most
distinct
patterns.
These
suggested
disruption
fixed
inorganic
fluxes
when
versus
symbionts.
This
study
enhances
understanding
transport
host-symbiont
integration,
while
providing
a
platform
for
further
investigation
interface
symbiosis.
IMPORTANCE
Coral
reefs
are
serious
decline,
particular
due
thermally
induced
dysfunction
underlies
success.
Yet
ability
react
this
crisis
hindered
limited
how
functions.
Indeed,
we
still
have
much
learn
about
cellular
integration
determines
whether
combination
can
persist,
hence
corals
might
be
able
adapt
acquiring
new,
more
resistant
Here,
employed
localize
quantify
key
globally
adopted
system
symbiosis,
expression
these
colonized
native
nonnative
We
showed
clear
link
elucidating
events
dictate
success,
provide
methodological
examination
ecologically