Starvation differentially affects gene expression, immunity and pathogen susceptibility across symbiotic states in a model cnidarian

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 291(2017)

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024

Mutualistic symbioses between cnidarians and photosynthetic algae are modulated by complex interactions host immunity environmental conditions. Here, we investigate how symbiosis interacts with food limitation to influence gene expression stress response programming in the sea anemone Exaiptasia pallida (Aiptasia). Transcriptomic responses starvation were similar symbiotic aposymbiotic Aiptasia; however, stronger. Starved Aiptasia of both states exhibited increased protein levels immune-related transcription factor NF-κB, its associated pathways, putative target genes. However, this starvation-induced increase NF-κB correlated only anemones. Furthermore, had opposite effects on susceptibility pathogen oxidative challenges, suggesting distinct energetic priorities under scarce Finally, when compared those a facultative coral non-symbiotic anemone, ‘defence’ similarly regulated coral, but not anemone. This pattern suggests that capacity for influences immune cnidarians. In summary, certain pathways—including NF-κB—does necessarily predict pathogens, highlighting complexities cnidarian varying demands.

Язык: Английский

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Ocean acidification elicits differential bleaching and gene expression patterns in larval reef coral Pocillopora damicornis under heat stress

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 842, С. 156851 - 156851

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Role of the bicarbonate transporter SLC4γ in stony-coral skeleton formation and evolution

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(24)

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2023

Coral reefs are highly diverse ecosystems of immense ecological, economic, and aesthetic importance built on the calcium-carbonate-based skeletons stony corals. The formation these is threatened by increasing ocean temperatures acidification, a deeper understanding molecular mechanisms involved may assist efforts to mitigate effects such anthropogenic stressors. In this study, we focused role predicted bicarbonate transporter SLC4γ, which was suggested in previous studies be product gene duplication have coral-skeleton formation. Our comparative-genomics study using 30 coral species 15 outgroups indicates that SLC4γ present throughout corals, but not their non-skeleton-forming relatives, apparently arose at onset stony-coral evolution. expression show , closely related ancestral SLC4β upregulated during development coincident with skeleton deposition. Moreover, juvenile polyps carrying CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutations defective formation, severity defect individual animals correlated frequencies mutations. Taken together, results suggest evolution corals neofunctionalization newly arisen for unique provision concentrated calcium-carbonate also demonstrate feasibility reverse-genetic ecologically important traits adult

Язык: Английский

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A predatory gastrula leads to symbiosis-independent settlement in Aiptasia

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(40)

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2023

The planula larvae of the sea anemone Aiptasia have so far not been reported to complete their life cycle by undergoing metamorphosis into adult forms. This has a major obstacle in use as model for coral-dinoflagellate endosymbiosis. Here, we show that actively feed on crustacean nauplii, displaying preference live prey. feeding behavior relies functional stinging cells, indicative complex neuronal control. Regular leads significant size increase, morphological changes, and efficient settlement around 14 d postfertilization. Surprisingly, presence dinoflagellate endosymbionts does affect larval growth or dynamics but is crucial sexual reproduction. Our findings finally close Aiptasia's highlight nature its larvae, Haeckel's Gastrea postulate, yet reveal active carnivory, thus contributing our understanding early metazoan evolution.

Язык: Английский

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Insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the different heat tolerance of the scleractinian coral Pavona decussata

Coral Reefs, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(2), С. 429 - 442

Опубликована: Март 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Photosynthesis and other factors affecting the establishment and maintenance of cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 379(1901)

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

Coral growth depends on the partnership between animal hosts and their intracellular, photosynthetic dinoflagellate symbionts. In this study, we used sea anemone Aiptasia , a laboratory model for coral biology, to investigate poorly understood mechanisms that mediate symbiosis establishment maintenance. We found initial colonization of both adult polyps larvae by compatible algal strain was more effective when algae were able photosynthesize long-term maintenance also depended photosynthesis. dark, cells taken up into host gastrodermal not rapidly expelled, but they seemed unable reproduce thus gradually lost. When confocal microscopy examine interaction with two strains cannot establish stable symbioses it appeared pre- post-phagocytosis involved. With one strain, entered gastric cavity be completely excluded from cells. other small numbers proliferate there slowly lost upon further incubation. asked if exclusion either incompatible could result simply cells' being too large accommodate. However, size distributions overlapped extensively. Moreover, examination macerates confirmed earlier reports individual expand accommodate multiple This article is part theme issue ‘Sculpting microbiome: how factors determine respond microbial colonization’.

Язык: Английский

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Manganese Benefits Heat-Stressed Corals at the Cellular Level

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2021

The intensity and frequency of coral bleaching events have increased worldwide especially due to thermal stress seawater pollution. Although it has been observed that metal concentration in can affect the coral’s ability adopt cellular defensive mechanisms counteract bleaching, more investigations are needed better understand role metals physiology. In this study, we analyzed individual combined effects prolonged heat manganese (Mn) iron (Fe) enrichments at level on Stylophora pistillata . Thermal caused an up-regulation expression host Heat shock proteins (Hsps) 60 70, which showed a parallel pattern modulation all treatments, as well increase lipid peroxidation (LPO) holobiont. Fe enrichment did not induce any change Hsp or oxidative status corals both ambient temperature 26°C temperature, suggesting didn’t seem play mitigating damages bleaching. Mn MnFe seemed zooxanthellae, since high LPO glutathione reductase (GR) levels were recorded, but cause effect polyp expression, probably antioxidant action GR. With increase, prevented significant decrease GR activity, strengthening previous hypothesis could mitigate negative produced by stress.

Язык: Английский

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Immunolocalization of Metabolite Transporter Proteins in a Model Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Symbiosis

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 88(12)

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2022

Bidirectional nutrient flow between partners is integral to the cnidarian-dinoflagellate endosymbiosis. However, our current knowledge of transporter proteins that regulate and metabolite trafficking nascent. Four transmembrane transporters likely play an important role in interpartner nitrogen carbon exchange were investigated with immunocytochemistry model sea anemone Exaiptasia diaphana ("Aiptasia"; strain NZ1): ammonium 1 (AMT1), V-type proton ATPase (VHA), facilitated glucose member 8 (GLUT8), aquaporin-3 (AQP3). Anemones lacking symbionts compared those symbiosis either their typical, homologous dinoflagellate symbiont, Breviolum minutum, or heterologous species, Durusdinium trenchii Symbiodinium microadriaticum. AMT1 VHA only detected symbiotic Aiptasia, irrespective symbiont type. GLUT8 AQP3 both aposymbiotic states. All localized epidermis gastrodermis, though localization patterns host tissues heavily influenced by identity, S. microadriaticum-colonized anemones showing most distinct patterns. These suggested disruption fixed inorganic fluxes when versus symbionts. This study enhances understanding transport host-symbiont integration, while providing a platform for further investigation interface symbiosis. IMPORTANCE Coral reefs are serious decline, particular due thermally induced dysfunction underlies success. Yet ability react this crisis hindered limited how functions. Indeed, we still have much learn about cellular integration determines whether combination can persist, hence corals might be able adapt acquiring new, more resistant Here, employed localize quantify key globally adopted system symbiosis, expression these colonized native nonnative We showed clear link elucidating events dictate success, provide methodological examination ecologically

Язык: Английский

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Editorial: DAMPs Across the Tree of Life

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022

EDITORIAL article Front. Immunol., 01 February 2022Sec. Inflammation Volume 12 - 2021 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.844315

Язык: Английский

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Comparative transcriptomics of two coral holobionts collected during the 2017 El Niño heat wave reveal differential stress response mechanisms

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 182, С. 114017 - 114017

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2022

Язык: Английский

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