Insect Diapause

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2022

Our highly seasonal world restricts insect activity to brief portions of the year. This feature necessitates a sophisticated interpretation changes and enactment mechanisms for bringing development halt then reinitiating it when inimical season is past. The dormant state diapause serves bridge unfavourable seasons, its timing provides powerful mechanism synchronizing development. book explores how signals are monitored used by insects enact specific molecular pathways that generate phenotype. broad perspective offered here scales from ecological thus comprehensive view this exciting vibrant research field, offering insights on topics ranging pest management, evolution, speciation, climate change disease transmission, human health, as well analogies with other forms invertebrate dormancy mammalian hibernation.

Язык: Английский

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Endocrine Regulation of Lifespan in Insect Diapause

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022

Diapause is a physiological adaptation to conditions that are unfavorable for growth or reproduction. During diapause, animals become long-lived, stress-resistant, developmentally static, and non-reproductive, in the case of diapausing adults. has been observed at all developmental stages both vertebrates invertebrates. In adults, diapause traits weaken into adaptations such as hibernation, estivation, dormancy, torpor, which represent evolutionarily diverse versions traditional traits. These regulated through modifications endocrine program guiding development. insects, this typically includes changes molting hormones, well metabolic signals limit while skewing organism’s energetic demands toward conservation. While much work done characterize these modifications, interactions between hormones their downstream consequences incompletely understood. The current state endocrinology reviewed here highlight relevance beyond its use model study seasonality Specifically, insect an emerging mechanisms determine lifespan. induction represents dramatic change normal progression age. Hormones juvenile hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone, prothoracicotropic hormone well-known modulate plasticity. diapause—and by extension, cessation aging—is coordinated pathways. However, research directly connecting biology aging lacking. This review explores connections perspective signaling. fields suggests appreciable overlap will greatly contribute our understanding lifespan determination.

Язык: Английский

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Epigenetic plasticity enables copepods to cope with ocean acidification

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(10), С. 918 - 927

Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2022

Abstract Plasticity enhances species fitness and survival under climate change. Ocean acidification poses a potential threat to copepods, major zooplankton group that serves as key link between the lower higher trophic levels in marine environment, yet mechanisms underlying different adaptive responses remain poorly understood. Here we show although elevated CO 2 can exert negative effects on reproduction of Paracyclopina nana , multigenerational plasticity enable recovery after three generations. By integrating methylome transcriptome with draft genome undertaking DNA methylation treatments, demonstrate vital role epigenetic modifications ocean identify regions associated reproductive resilience. Our results might play an important enhancing copepods failing consider phenotypic could lead overestimation species’ vulnerabilities.

Язык: Английский

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Population Genomics Provide Insights into the Evolution and Adaptation of the Asia Corn Borer

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 40(5)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2023

Abstract Understanding the genetic basis of pest adaptive evolution and risk adaptation in response to climate change is essential for development sustainable agricultural practices. However, climatic Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis, main Asia Oceania, poorly understood. Here, we revealed genomic loci underlying ACB by integrating population environmental factors. We assembled a 471-Mb chromosome-scale reference genome resequenced 423 individuals covering 27 representative geographic areas. inferred that effective size changes tracked with global temperature followed recent decline. Based on an integrated analysis whole-genome selection scans genome-wide genotype–environment association studies, adaption diverse climates. For diapause traits, identified major effect locus containing circadian clock gene (period) analyzing diapause-segregating population. Moreover, our predictions indicated northern populations were more ecologically resilient than southern populations. Together, results provided potential candidate genes future evolutionary studies change, intending maintain efficacy sustainability novel control techniques.

Язык: Английский

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Functional analysis of adipokinetic hormone signaling in reproductive diapause of Coccinella septempuctata

Pest Management Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 80(7), С. 3665 - 3674

Опубликована: Март 9, 2024

The ladybeetle, Coccinella septempunctata, an important predator, is widely used to control aphids, whiteflies, mites, thrips, and lepidopteran pests. Diapause technology key extending C. septempunctata shelf-life commercialization. Lipid accumulation a major feature of reproductive diapause, but the function AKH signaling as regulator lipid mobilization in diapause remains unclear. This study aimed identify characterize AKHR genes, clarify their functions diapause.

Язык: Английский

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Circadian Clock Gene Period Contributes to Diapause via GABAeric-Diapause Hormone Pathway in Bombyx mori

Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(9), С. 842 - 842

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2021

Diapause is a developmental transition in insects based on seasonal adaptation to adversity; it regulated by circadian clock system and the endocrine system. However, molecular node its mechanism underlying effects of these systems are still unclear. Here, mutant Bombyx mori with gene Period (Per) knocked out was constructed, which dramatically changed classic diapause-destined pathway. Per-knockout silkworms powerfully attenuated, but could not completely block, predetermined temperature photoperiod diapause determination, this effect depended hormone (DH) The impaired transcription-translation feedback loop lacking Per caused direct up-regulation expression GRD, receptor γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), changing level Cycle. synthesis GABA tissue complex brain-suboesophageal ganglion then increased restricted decomposition, continuously promoted GABAergic signal play role, finally inhibiting (delaying) release DH hemolymph, reducing diapause-inducing DH. results provided an example explain regulatory hormones silkworm.

Язык: Английский

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Involvement of the Clock Gene Period in the Photoperiodism of the Silkmoth Bombyx mori

ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 38(6)

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2021

We established a knockout strain of clock gene, period (per), by using TALEN in bivoltine (Kosetsu) Bombyx mori (Insecta, Lepidoptera), and examined the effect per on circadian rhythm photoperiodism. The generated allele was considered to be null, because new stop codon present insertion allele. wild type showed clear rhythms eclosion hatching, whereas arrhythmic hatching under constant darkness. In this strain, moreover, temporal expression changes genes timeless were disrupted. long-day response for induction embryonic diapause: when larvae reared short-day conditions at 25°C, adults produced nondiapause diapause eggs, respectively. However, lost sensitivity photoperiod laid eggs both conditions. conclude that plays an important role photoperiodism B. mori, indicating involvement consisting

Язык: Английский

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Juvenile hormone as a causal factor for maternal regulation of diapause in a wasp

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 144, С. 103758 - 103758

Опубликована: Март 8, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Circadian and Neuroendocrine Basis of Photoperiodism Controlling Diapause in Insects and Mites: A Review

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2022

The photoperiodic system is concealed in the highly complex black-box, comprising four functional subunits: 1) a photo/thermo-sensitive input unit, 2) clock based on circadian system, 3) condenser unit counting number of inductive signals, and 4) neuroendocrine switch that triggers phenotypic shift. This review aims to summarize research history current reach our understanding this subject connect it with molecular mechanism rapidly being unveiled. also focuses mode intersubunit information transduction. It will scan recent advancement each subunit, but special attention be given clock-endocrine conjunct role melatonin signaling regulation insect photoperiodism. Prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) probably plays most crucial pupal diapause, which simplest model diapause by hormones investigated so far, particularly Chinese oak silkmoth (

Язык: Английский

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miR-252 targeting temperature receptor CcTRPM to mediate the transition from summer-form to winter-form of Cacopsylla chinensis

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2023

Temperature determines the geographical distribution of organisms and affects outbreak damage pests. Insects seasonal polyphenism is a successful strategy adopted by some species to adapt changeable external environment. Cacopsylla chinensis (Yang & Li) showed two morphotypes, summer-form winter-form, with significant differences in morphological characteristics. Low temperature key environmental factor induce its transition from winter-form. However, detailed molecular mechanism remains unknown. Here, we firstly confirmed that low 10 °C induced winter-form affecting cuticle thickness chitin content. Subsequently, demonstrated CcTRPM functions as receptor regulate this transition. In addition, miR-252 was identified mediate expression involve Finally, found CcTre1 CcCHS1 , rate-limiting enzymes insect biosyntheis, act critical down-stream signal mediating behavioral Taken together, our results revealed transduction cascade mediates C. . These findings not only lay solid foundation for fully clarifying ecological adaptation outbreak, but also broaden understanding about polymorphism.

Язык: Английский

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