Crop and landscape heterogeneity increase biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: A global review and meta‐analysis

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Abstract Agricultural intensification not only increases food production but also drives widespread biodiversity decline. Increasing landscape heterogeneity has been suggested to increase across habitats, while increasing crop may support within agroecosystems. These spatial effects can be partitioned into compositional (land‐cover type diversity) and configurational arrangement), measured either for the mosaic or both crops semi‐natural habitats. However, studies have reported mixed responses of in these components taxa contexts. Our meta‐analysis covering 6397 fields 122 conducted Asia, Europe, North South America reveals consistently positive heterogeneity, as well plant, invertebrate, vertebrate, pollinator predator biodiversity. Vertebrates plants benefit more from invertebrates derive similar benefits heterogeneity. Pollinators predators favour are consistent vertebrates tropical/subtropical temperate agroecosystems, annual perennial cropping systems, at small large scales. results suggest that promoting increased by diversifying current UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, is key restoring agricultural landscapes.

Язык: Английский

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Insecticides, more than herbicides, land use, and climate, are associated with declines in butterfly species richness and abundance in the American Midwest

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(6), С. e0304319 - e0304319

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024

Mounting evidence shows overall insect abundances are in decline globally. Habitat loss, climate change, and pesticides have all been implicated, but their relative effects never evaluated a comprehensive large-scale study. We harmonized 17 years of land use, climate, multiple classes pesticides, butterfly survey data across 81 counties five states the US Midwest. find community-wide declines total abundance species richness to be most strongly associated with insecticides general, for use neonicotinoid-treated seeds particular. This included migratory monarch ( Danaus plexippus ), whose is focus intensive debate public concern. Insect cannot understood without on putative drivers, 2015 cessation neonicotinoid releases will impede future research.

Язык: Английский

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Rapid butterfly declines across the United States during the 21st century

Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 387(6738), С. 1090 - 1094

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Numerous declines have been documented across insect groups, and the potential consequences of losses are dire. Butterflies most surveyed taxa, yet analyses limited in geographic scale or rely on data from a single monitoring program. Using records 12.6 million individual butterflies >76,000 surveys 35 programs, we characterized overall species-specific butterfly abundance trends contiguous United States. Between 2000 2020, total fell by 22% 554 recorded species. Species-level were widespread, with 13 times as many species declining increasing. The prevalence throughout all regions States highlights an urgent need to protect further losses.

Язык: Английский

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Real‐time insect tracking and monitoring with computer vision and deep learning

Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8(3), С. 315 - 327

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2021

Abstract Insects are declining in abundance and diversity, but their population trends remain uncertain as insects difficult to monitor. Manual methods require substantial time investment trapping subsequent species identification. Camera can alleviate some of the manual fieldwork, large quantities image data challenging analyse. By embedding analyses into recording process using computer vision techniques, it is possible focus efforts on most ecologically relevant data. Here, we present an intelligent camera system, capable detecting, tracking, identifying individual situ . We constructed system from commercial off‐the‐shelf components used deep learning open source software perform detection classification. Insect Classification Tracking algorithm (ICT) that performs real‐time classification tracking at 0.33 frames per second. The upload summary identity movement track a server via internet daily basis. tested our during summer 2020 detected 2994 insect tracks across 98 days. achieved average precision 89% for correctly classified eight different species. This result was based 504 manually verified observed videos 10 days with varying activities. Using data, could estimate mean residence flower visiting within field view camera, were able show variation among taxa. For honeybees, which abundant, also varied through season relation plant bloom. Our proposed automated showed promising results non‐destructive monitoring provides novel information about phenology, abundance, foraging behaviour, ecology insects.

Язык: Английский

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Street lighting has detrimental impacts on local insect populations

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(35)

Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2021

Reported declines in insect populations have sparked global concern, with artificial light at night (ALAN) identified as a potential contributing factor. Despite strong evidence that lighting disrupts range of behaviors, the empirical ALAN diminishes wild abundance is limited. Using matched-pairs design, we found street strongly reduced moth caterpillar compared unlit sites (47% reduction hedgerows and 33% grass margins) affected development. A separate experiment habitats no history revealed disrupted feeding behavior nocturnal caterpillars. Negative impacts were more pronounced under white light-emitting diode (LED) lights to conventional yellow sodium lamps. This indicates ongoing shift toward LEDs (i.e., narrow- broad-spectrum lighting) will substantial consequences for ecosystem processes.

Язык: Английский

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