The future of evolutionary medicine: sparking innovation in biomedicine and public health

Frontiers in Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 1

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2023

Evolutionary medicine – i.e. the application of insights from evolution and ecology to biomedicine has tremendous untapped potential spark transformational innovation in biomedical research, clinical care public health. Fundamentally, a systematic mapping across full diversity life is required identify animal model systems for disease vulnerability, resistance, counter-resistance that could lead novel treatments. dynamics should guide therapeutic approaches target development treatment resistance cancers (e.g., via adaptive or extinction therapy) antimicrobial innovations chemistry, usage, phage therapy). With respect health, insight many modern human pathologies obesity) result mismatches between ecologies which we evolved our environments important implications prevention. Life-history can also shed light on patterns burden, example reproductive Experience during COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic underlined critical role evolutionary with virulence transmissibility) predicting managing this future pandemics, using principles understand address aspects behavior impede health unhealthy behaviors vaccine hesitancy). In conclusion, greater interdisciplinary collaboration vital systematically leverage insight-generating power better understand, prevent, treat existing emerging threats human, animal, planetary

Язык: Английский

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Role of Spillover and Spillback in SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and the Importance of One Health in Understanding the Dynamics of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 61(7)

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is notable both for its impact on global public health as well well-publicized transmissibility to other species of animals. Infection incidental animal hosts concerning because possible emergence novel variants due viral mutation. Species that are susceptible SARS-CoV-2 include domestic and nondomestic cats, dogs, white-tailed deer, mink, golden hamsters, among others. We detail origins transmission humans, the ecological molecular mechanisms needed virus establish infection in humans from highlight examples spillover, spillback, secondary demonstrating breadth variability current events have been documented domestic, captive, wild Lastly, we turn our focus importance potential reservoirs sources variant can profound effects human population. note a One Health approach emphasizing surveillance animals certain environments using interdisciplinary collaboration encouraged manage disease surveillance, regulation trade testing, vaccine development will mitigate further outbreaks. These efforts minimize spread advance knowledge prevent future emerging infectious diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Widespread exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in wildlife communities

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2024

Pervasive SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans have led to multiple transmission events animals. While has a potential broad wildlife host range, most documented been captive animals and single species, the white-tailed deer. The full extent of exposure among communities factors that influence risk remain unknown. We sampled 23 species for examined effects urbanization human use on seropositivity. Here, we document positive detections RNA six including deer mouse, Virginia opossum, raccoon, groundhog, Eastern cottontail, red bat between May 2022-September 2023 across Washington, D.C., USA. In addition, found sites with high activity had three times higher seroprevalence than low human-use areas. obtained genomic sequences from nine individuals which were assigned seven Pango lineages Omicron variant. close match variants circulating at time suggests least recent human-to-animal events. Our data support widespread areas may serve as points contact cross-species transmission.

Язык: Английский

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A Functional Map of the Human Intrinsically Disordered Proteome

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 17, 2024

Abstract Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) represent at least one-third of the human proteome and defy established structure-function paradigm. Because IDRs often have limited positional sequence conservation, functional classification using standard bioinformatics is generally not possible. Here, we show that evolutionarily conserved molecular features intrinsically (IDR-ome), termed evolutionary signatures, enable prediction IDR functions. Hierarchical clustering IDR-ome based on signatures reveals strong enrichments for frequently studied functions in transcription RNA processing, as well diverse, rarely functions, ranging from sub-cellular localization biomolecular condensates to cellular signaling, transmembrane transport, constitution cytoskeleton. We exploit information encoded within conservation propose annotations every proteome, inspect correlate with different discover co-occurring scale. Further, identify patterns proteins unknown function disease-risk genes conditions such cancer developmental disorders. Our map should be a valuable resource aids discovery new biology.

Язык: Английский

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Zoonosis and zooanthroponosis of emerging respiratory viruses

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024

Lung infections in Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) are triggered by a variety of respiratory viruses. All human pandemics have been caused the members two major virus families, namely Orthomyxoviridae (influenza A viruses (IAVs); subtypes H1N1, H2N2, and H3N2) Coronaviridae (severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS−CoV−2). These acquired some adaptive changes known intermediate host including domestic birds (IAVs) or unknown (SARS-CoV-2) following transmission from their natural reservoirs (e.g. migratory bats, respectively). Verily, these substitutions facilitated crossing species barriers to infect humans phenomenon that is as zoonosis. Besides, aided variant strain transmit horizontally other contact non-human animal pets wild animals (zooanthroponosis). Herein we discuss main zoonotic reverse-zoonosis events occurred during last influenza A/H1N1 SARS-CoV-2. We also highlight impact interspecies pandemic on evolution possible prophylactic therapeutic interventions. Based information available presented this review article, it important close monitoring viral zoonosis reverse strains within One-Health One-World approach mitigate unforeseen risks, such resistance limited

Язык: Английский

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