Coastal resilience in the face of increasing wildfires: a land-sea perspective DOI Creative Commons
Amanda M. Lopez, Christine Lee, Erin L. Hestir

и другие.

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2024

Abstract Coasts are biodiversity hotspots at the nexus of compounding stressors from anthropogenic activity and climate change. Changing wildfire frequency severity linked to change land management can degrade water quality alter coastal waters, leading economic social consequences for human well-being. However, previous vulnerability studies have not considered wildfire. We present a global-scale index incorporating fire weather, population, commercial fisheries activity, marine assess vulnerability. Approximately 33% moderate highly vulnerable ecoregions sustain indigenous seafood consumption > 1,000 tons per year, which Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Philippines particularly risk, surpassing 2,500 annually. This highlights regions requiring closer inspection protections that currently capturing vulnerability, may be apparent using results alone. Implications these findings discussed with consideration filling information gaps improved resilience. Coastal ecosystems major hubs containing approximately 1 million fish, bird, animal species identified, an estimated additional 9 organisms remaining discovered [1]. Nearly 4 billion humans live near coasts or depend on them their well-being livelihoods, benefitting ecosystem services such as maritime trade, fisheries, recreation [2]. waters receive terrestrial exports carbon, nutrients, other runoff, contribute high rates respiration productivity [3]. integral global carbon cycle, playing critical home processes transformation, outgassing, sequestration [3–4]. For example, kelp is foundational along 25% planet’s coastlines sequesters between 61 268 teragrams primary biodiversity, provides nursery grounds habitat several including fish stocks [5–6]. Due importance people planet, United Nations (UN) recognizes in 2030 Agenda Sustainable Development Goals 14.2 14.5 UN Climate Action Pathways, call action strengthen resilience, restore, protect conserve [7–8]. Anthropogenic stressors, most notably population growth corresponding development, subject loss, increased erosion, pollutants, hydrology changes adversely impact function [1–2, references therein]. further compounds issues introducing sea level rise, ocean acidification, warming, circulation change, hazards hurricanes [9–10 An important knowledge gap exists understanding how increasing will communities dependent upon [10–11]. excess nutrient supply rivers following could result sedimentation algal blooms, smother recruitment, reduce light availability producers, compromise recreational use, severe cases induce life mortality [12–15]. In this scenario, prevention, mitigation, efforts challenged by sporadic nature wildfires, overlapping local, regional, national policies authorities, public presence impacted areas (i.e., beachgoers, settlements). Wildfire regimes - characterized patterns extent, intensity, severity, frequency, seasonality intensifying globally due use [16–19]. Though wildfires essential ecological ecosystems, under legacy historical ongoing suppression, endanger lives, cause massive property damage, release pollutants [20–22]. Between 2001 2019, caused over 110 hectares forest loss [23]. Fire-prone expected expand 29% globally, boreal temperate zones 111% 25%, respectively [18]. Worldwide, 15% freshwater face exacerbated extinction risks changing regimes, savannas, grasslands, shrublands, forests risk [24]. Australia's 2019–2020 burned area was 800% above 1988–2001 average, while States (US) nearly quadrupled past 40 years [25–26]. 2020, California cost $149 across economic, health, environmental sectors, contributing 7% decline state’s since 1985 [22 therein, 27]. Record-breaking 2023 Canadian emitted 1.3 petagrams CO₂ addition air [21]. Australia’s fires incurred $75 losses affected 30% 70 vertebrate species, 21 endangered These examples highlight escalating impacts progresses. Amplified occurrence intensity timing, quantity, type, transport key biochemical constituents sediments, land-sea interface, altering biogeochemical cycles [28–34]. As affect quality, production, sequestration, threatening life-sustaining functions jeopardizing people. Specifically, vegetation reduced infiltration, surface runoff watersheds increase sediment, nutrient, pollutant delivery nearshore elevate temperatures, disrupt services, damage infrastructure [28–32]. physical chemical riverine discharges coast imperil health [14–15, 29 35]. Furthermore, change-driven precipitation extremes occur up 40% more often 2100 periods drought heavy rainfall, play role weather post-fire debris flows [36–38].

Язык: Английский

Effect of Environmental Factors on Grassland Biodiversity and Biomass in the Zhangye Region DOI Creative Commons
Yazhou Liu,

Meiling Zhang,

Youyi Zhao

и другие.

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(2), С. 476 - 476

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2025

Grassland ecosystems, which are essential for biodiversity and ecosystem services, increasingly vulnerable to degradation, primarily driven by climate change soil variability. Understanding the influence of environmental factors on these indicators is critical addressing grassland degradation promoting sustainable land management practices. This study investigates factors, particularly temperature, precipitation, properties, species diversity biomass in arid semi-arid grasslands Zhangye region, China. Field sampling was performed at 63 sites collect data vegetation characteristics, biomass, complemented data. mechanisms through abiotic diversity. The results indicate that moisture relative humidity, as related significantly positively correlated with both thereby highlighting stress induced temperature ecosystems. Furthermore, bulk density pH were identified mediating indirectly their impact moisture. These findings underscore complex role climate–soil interactions shaping ecosystems offer insights developing adaptive strategies manage mitigate response change.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
The importance of geography in forecasting future fire patterns under climate change DOI Creative Commons
Alexandra D. Syphard, Santiago José Elías Velazco, Miranda Brooke Rose

и другие.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(32)

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2024

An increasing amount of California's landscape has burned in wildfires recent decades, conjunction with temperatures and vapor pressure deficit due to climate change. As the wildland-urban interface expands, more people are exposed harmed by these extensive wildfires, which also eroding resilience terrestrial ecosystems. With future wildfire activity expected increase, there is an urgent demand for solutions that sustain healthy ecosystems wildfire-resilient human communities. Those who manage disaster response, landscapes, biodiversity rely on mapped projections how fire may respond change other factors. California complex, however, climate-fire relationships vary across state. Given known geographical variability drivers activity, we asked whether extent models used create alter interpretation predictions. We compared occurrence spanning entire state developed individual ecoregions then projected end-of-century patterns under scenarios. trained a Maximum Entropy model records hydroclimatological variables from decades (1981 2010) as well topographic infrastructure predictors. Results showed substantial variation predictors probability depending upon extents boundaries. Only ecoregion models, accounting unique vegetation, climate, infrastructure, increase most forested regions state, congruent predictions studies.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

9
Increasing vulnerability of an endemic Mediterranean-climate conifer to changing climate and fire regime DOI Creative Commons
Frank W. Davis,

Anne-Marie Parkinson,

Max A. Moritz

и другие.

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 8

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025

Conifer species of Mediterranean-type ecosystems (MTEs) are especially sensitive to coupled changes in climate and fire regime. Recently California’s MTE conifers have experienced elevated mortality, range shifts, decreased abundance relative broadleaf trees. Restricted-range may be vulnerable environmental change a high priority for assessment adaptation management. We used distribution modeling wildfire probability models assess the potential vulnerability Pseudotsuga macrocarpa (Bigcone Douglas fir, hereafter BDF), restricted-range conifer southern California mountains that is concern because its ecological importance recent mortality due drought wildfire. also modeled Quercus chrysolepis (CLO), widespread oak can co-dominant with BDF limit spread reduce crown risk compared from surrounding chaparral vegetation. Ensembles MAXENT General Boosted Models were produced 2.1 million ha model domain encompassing BDF’s 672,000 period 1981–2010, projected 2040–2069 2070–2099 using three (warmer-wetter, warmer, hotter-drier) under emission scenario (IPCC 5th Assessment, RCP 8.5). Wildfire projections analyzed only mid-century based on warmer-wetter hotter-drier scenarios. Our analysis contributes several important new insights: (1) topoclimatic habitat could shrink by 19–57% mid-century, southernmost populations; (2) increase 2–4 fold habitat, potentially diminishing value mid-to-high elevation sites as refugia; (3) CLO play role providing refuge severe wildfires soon but end-of-century; (4) extensive areas stable late-century confined national forests San Gabriel Mountains Transverse Ranges. The reduced management actions such mechanical fuel treatments post-fire restoration, these highly constrained topography, access, wildlife species. case study illustrates rapidly increasing endemic forests.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Climate resilience through ecocultural stewardship DOI Creative Commons
Don L. Hankins

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(32)

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2024

The climate crisis has exacerbated many ecological and cultural problems including wildfire drought vulnerability, biodiversity declines, social justice equity. While there are concepts of resilience, the exemplar practices Indigenous stewardship recognized in having sustained peoples their countries for millennia past change events. California been at crossroads these issues, historic current contributions to addressing provide an excellent study ecocultural leadership by achieve resilience.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

6
Climate change and California sustainability—Challenges and solutions DOI Creative Commons
Janet Franklin, Glen M. MacDonald

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(32)

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2024

Large volumes of liquid water transiently existed on the surface Mars more than 3 billion years ago. Much this is hypothesized to have been sequestered in subsurface or lost space. We use rock physics models and Bayesian inversion ...

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
Modeling the Impacts of Climate Change on Potential Distribution of Betula luminifera H. Winkler in China Using MaxEnt DOI Open Access

Qiong Yang,

Yangzhou Xiang,

Suhang Li

и другие.

Forests, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(9), С. 1624 - 1624

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2024

Betula luminifera H. Winkler, a fast-growing broad-leaved tree species native to China’s subtropical regions, possesses significant ecological and economic value. The species’ adaptability ornamental characteristics make it crucial component of forest ecosystems. However, the impacts global climate change on its geographical distribution are not well understood, necessitating research predict potential shifts under future scenarios. Our aims were forecast impact suitable B. across China using MaxEnt model, which is recognized for high predictive accuracy low sample data requirement. Geographical coordinate points collected from various databases verified redundancy. Nineteen bioclimatic variables selected screened correlation avoid overfitting in model. model was optimized ENMeval package, evaluated Akaike Information Criterion Correction (delta.AICc), Training Omission Rate (OR10), Area Under Curve (AUC). predicted current scenarios based Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs). demonstrated with an AUC value 0.9. dominant environmental influencing annual precipitation, minimum temperature coldest month, standard deviation seasonality. habitat area location significantly different scenarios, complex dynamics expansion contraction. centroid also migrate, indicating response changing climatic conditions. findings underscore importance optimization enhancing provide valuable insights development conservation strategies management plans address challenges posed by change.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
Phenological Shifts Since 1830 in 29 Native Plant Species of California and Their Responses to Historical Climate Change DOI Creative Commons
Andros Solakis Tena, Noelia Hidalgo Triana, Ryan Boynton

и другие.

Plants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(6), С. 843 - 843

Опубликована: Март 7, 2025

Climate change is affecting Mediterranean climate regions, such as California. Retrospective phenological studies are a useful tool to track biological response these impacts through the use of herbarium-preserved specimens. We used data from more than 12,000 herbarium specimens 29 dominant native plant species that characteristic 12 broadly distributed vegetation types investigate patterns in change. analyzed trends four phenophases: preflowering (FBF), flowering (F), fruiting (FS) and growth (DVG), over time (from 1830 2023) changes variables 1896 2023). also examined within California’s 10 ecoregions. Among phenophases, strongest was found timing flowering, which showed an advance 28 species. Furthermore, 21 sequencing two or phenophases. highlight advances temperature variables: FBF, F, 17 FS 18 DVG. Diverse less-consistent results were for water-related with 15 advancing 11 delaying various phenophases decreasing precipitation increasing evapotranspiration. Jepson ecoregions displayed pronounced F related mean annual three southern regions compared northern ones. This study underscores role driving change, demonstrating how rising temperatures have predominantly advanced phenophase timing. These findings potential threats, including risks climatic, ecological, imbalances.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
DFT Study on Potassium Benzene Disulfonamide and Potassium Phthalimide Ionic Liquid Based Carbon Dioxide Absorption DOI Open Access

Berihun Tibebu,

Abdudin G. Temam, Endale Tsegaye Mohammed

и другие.

International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1), С. 25 - 42

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025

This groundbreaking research rigorously investigated the CO<sub>2</sub> absorption potential of two potassium-based ionic liquids (ILs), namely potassium benzene disulfonamide [C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>KNS<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>] and phthalimide [C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>4</sub>KNO<sub>2</sub>]. Driven by urgent need for effective carbon capture technologies to combat climate change stemming from fossil fuel combustion, this study employed sophisticated Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations using M062X/6-31+G(d,p) method. The computational approach encompassed comprehensive geometry optimization, in-depth molecular interaction analyses, precise binding energy assessments, insightful Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis, a thorough evaluation solvent effects. findings unequivocally demonstrate that both ILs exhibit tangible interactions with CO<sub>2</sub>, energies ranging -3.108 -0.232 kcal/mol C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>KNS<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> -3.475 -0.219 C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>4</sub>KNO<sub>2</sub>. These strongly suggest viability these applications, potentially requiring minimal regeneration. Crucially, established displays superior efficacy compared conclusion is robustly supported compelling thermochemical data. NBO analysis further elucidated induces alterations in IL facilitates charge transfer between interacting species. Moreover, studies on cation-anion revealed stronger association cation (K<sup>+</sup>). Investigation isolated anion echoed preference [C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>NS<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>]. While effects influenced properties, they did not fundamentally alter anion-CO<sub>2</sub> complexes. In conclusion, evidence indicates formation stable complexes pairs molecules. Most significantly, firmly establishes more promising candidate efficient absorption, offering pathway towards development advanced technologies.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Resilience and Adaptation: Plant Ecology in Indonesia’s Geothermal Environments DOI
Ghazi Mauer Idroes, Khairan Khairan, Eko Suhartono

и другие.

Leuser Journal of Environmental Studies, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 3(1), С. 44 - 55

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2025

Geothermal ecosystems are defined by extreme environmental conditions, such as elevated temperatures, high concentrations of toxic chemicals, and fluctuations in abiotic stressors, which shape plant survival adaptation. These unique ecosystems, found across various geothermal regions globally, support specialized communities that have developed distinctive morphological, physiological, ecological adaptations. Indonesia, located on the Pacific Ring Fire, is one world’s richest nations, offering an important yet underexplored context for studying vegetation zones. This review examines conditions adaptive strategies vegetation, patterns diversity within Indonesian fields. It also explores succession, community dynamics, potential use indicators biomonitoring. Despite growing interest, significant research gaps remain, particularly long-term monitoring integration molecular-level studies. Addressing these essential enhancing scientific understanding informing conservation sustainable energy development tropical regions. highlights significance underscores need interdisciplinary to both biodiversity preservation responsible exploitation.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Climate-Smart Siting for renewable energy expansion DOI Creative Commons
Uzma Ashraf, Toni Lyn Morelli, Adam B. Smith

и другие.

iScience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(10), С. 110666 - 110666

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2