Oxidative Stress

Annual Review of Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 86(1), С. 715 - 748

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2017

Oxidative stress is two sided: Whereas excessive oxidant challenge causes damage to biomolecules, maintenance of a physiological level challenge, termed oxidative eustress, essential for governing life processes through redox signaling. Recent interest has focused on the intricate ways by which signaling integrates these converse properties. Redox balance maintained prevention, interception, and repair, concomitantly regulatory potential molecular thiol-driven master switches such as Nrf2/Keap1 or NF-κB/IκB used system-wide response. Nonradical species hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) singlet oxygen, rather than free-radical species, perform major second messenger functions. Chemokine-controlled NADPH oxidases metabolically controlled mitochondrial sources H2O2 well glutathione- thioredoxin-related pathways, with powerful enzymatic back-up systems, are responsible fine-tuning This makes rich research field spanning from biochemistry cell biology into nutritional sciences, environmental medicine, knowledge-based medicine.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative stress: a concept in redox biology and medicine

Redox Biology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 4, С. 180 - 183

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2015

"Oxidative stress" as a concept in redox biology and medicine has been formulated 1985; at the beginning of 2015, approx. 138,000 PubMed entries show for this term. This its merits pitfalls. Among is notion, elicited by combined two terms (i) aerobic metabolism steady-state balance (ii) associated potential strains denoted term, stress, evoking biological stress responses. Current research on molecular switches governing oxidative responses full bloom. The fundamental importance linking shifts to phosphorylation/dephosphorylation signaling being more fully appreciated, thanks major advances methodology. pitfalls fact that underlying details are be worked out each particular case, which bvious global concept, but sometimes overlooked. can lead indiscriminate use without clear relation chemistry. role antioxidant defense fulfilled enzymes, not small-molecule compounds. field embraces chemistry, biochemistry, cell biology, physiology pathophysiology, all way health disease research.

Язык: Английский

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Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Inflammatory Diseases

Immune Network, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 18(4)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2018

Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous danger molecules that released from damaged or dying cells and activate the innate immune system by interacting with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Although DAMPs contribute to host's defense, they promote pathological inflammatory responses. Recent studies have suggested various DAMPs, such as high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), S100 proteins, heat shock proteins (HSPs), increased considered a pathogenic role in diseases. Here, we review current research on of diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's cancer. We also discuss possibility biomarkers therapeutic targets for these

Язык: Английский

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Fibroblasts: Origins, definitions, and functions in health and disease

Cell, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 184(15), С. 3852 - 3872

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2021

Язык: Английский

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DAMPs from Cell Death to New Life

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 6

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2015

Our body handles tissue damage by activating the immune system in response to intracellular molecules released injured tissues (Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns, DAMPs), a similar way as it detects molecular motifs conserved pathogens (pathogen-associated patterns, PAMPs). DAMPs are that have physiological role inside cell, but acquire additional functions when they outside cell: alert about danger, stimulate an inflammatory response, and finally promote regeneration process. Beside their passive release dead cells, some can be secreted or exposed living cells undergoing life-threatening stress. been linked inflammation related disorders: hence, inhibition of DAMP-mediated responses is promising strategy improve clinical management infection- injury-elicited diseases. However, important consider not only danger signals also central players repair. Indeed, studied for healing after sterile infection-associated inflammation. This review focused on two exemplary DAMPs, HMGB1 ATP, contribution both

Язык: Английский

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DAMPs and NETs in Sepsis

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2019

Sepsis is a deadly inflammatory syndrome caused by an exaggerated immune response to infection. Much has been focused on host pathogens mediated through the interaction of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). PRRs are also activated nuclear, mitochondrial, cytosolic proteins, known as damage-associated (DAMPs) that released from cells during sepsis. Some well described members DAMP family extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), histones, adenosine triphosphate (ATP). DAMPs cell inflammasome activation or passively following death. Similarly, neutrophil traps (NETs) neutrophils inflammation. NETs webs DNA decorated with myeloperoxidase, elastase. Although contribute pathogen clearance, excessive NET formation promotes inflammation tissue damage in Here, we review their crosstalk sepsis respect sources, activation, release, function. A clear understating DAMPs, crucial for understanding pathophysiology development novel therapeutics.

Язык: Английский

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Pulmonary Innate Immune Response Determines the Outcome of Inflammation During Pneumonia and Sepsis-Associated Acute Lung Injury

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2020

The lung is a primary organ for gas exchange in mammals that represents the largest epithelial surface direct contact with external environment. It also serves as crucial immune organ, which harbors both innate and adaptive cells to induce potent response. Due its outer environment, target many airborne pathogens, toxicants (aerosols), allergens causing pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), injury or inflammation (ALI). current review describes immunological mechanisms responsible bacterial pneumonia sepsis-induced ALI. highlights differences severity of ALI compared pneumonia-associated immune-based between Gram-positive Gram-negative bacteria-induced show different role pulmonary (PECs), alveolar macrophages (AMs), lymphoid (ILCs), pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs, including Toll-like (TLRs) inflammasome proteins) neutrophil infiltration induction have been described during Also, resolution frequently observed associated whereas sepsis-associated lacks it. Hence, mainly response depending on causal pathogen (Gram-positive bacteria) should be taken mind specific therapeutics.

Язык: Английский

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Hyaluronan: molecular size‐dependent signaling and biological functions in inflammation and cancer

FEBS Journal, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 286(15), С. 2883 - 2908

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2019

Hyaluronan (HA) is a linear nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix that plays pivotal role in variety biological processes. High-molecular weight HA exhibits different properties than oligomers and low-molecular HA. Depending on their molecular size, fragments can influence cellular behavior mode action. This phenomenon attributed to manner interaction with receptors, especially CD44 RHAMM. Both receptors trigger signaling cascades regulate cell functional properties, such as proliferation migration, angiogenesis, wound healing. are able enhance or attenuate receptor-mediated pathways, they compete endogenous for binding receptors. The modulation these pathways could be crucial development pathological conditions, inflammation cancer. primary goal this review critically present importance size signaling, morphology normal including A deeper understanding mechanisms contribute novel therapeutic strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Soluble Uric Acid Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2017

Abstract Uric acid is a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), released from ischemic tissues and dying cells which, when crystalized, able to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. Soluble uric (sUA) found in high concentrations serum of great apes, even higher some diseases, before appearance crystals. In present study, we sought investigate whether acid, soluble form, could also inflammasome induce production IL-1β. We monitored ROS, mitochondrial area respiratory parameters macrophages following sUA stimulus. observed that hypoxic environment IL-1β release. This process followed by ASC speck formation caspase-1 activation. Nlrp3 −/− presented protected redox state, increased maximum reserve oxygen consumption ratio (OCR) VDAC protein levels compared WT Myd88 cells. Using disease model characterized levels, correlation between sUA, activation fibrosis. These findings suggest activates propose future therapeutic strategies for renal fibrosis should include block or inhibit its recognition phagocytes.

Язык: Английский

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Epithelial Toll-like receptors and their role in gut homeostasis and disease

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 17(5), С. 263 - 278

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2020

Язык: Английский

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