Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(2), С. 699 - 699

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2021

The most prevalent diseases of our time, non-communicable (NCDs) (including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and some types cancer) are rising worldwide. All them share the condition an “inflammatory disorder”, with impaired immune functions frequently caused or accompanied by alterations in gut microbiota. These multifactorial maladies also have common malnutrition related to physiopathology. In this context, diet is greatest modulator system–microbiota crosstalk, much interest, new challenges, arising area precision nutrition as a way towards treatment prevention. It fact that westernized (WD) partly responsible for increased prevalence NCDs, negatively affecting both microbiota system. Conversely, other nutritional approaches, such Mediterranean (MD), positively influence system microbiota, proposed not only potential tool clinical management different disease conditions, but prevention health promotion globally. Thus, purpose review determine regulatory role components WD MD interplay, order understand, create awareness of, over key components.

Язык: Английский

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Obesity and infectious diseases: pathophysiology and epidemiology of a double pandemic condition

International Journal of Obesity, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 46(3), С. 449 - 465

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Mediterranean Diet and Obesity-related Disorders: What is the Evidence?

Current Obesity Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(4), С. 287 - 304

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2022

Abstract Purpose of Review Obesity is a chronic disease, major public health problem due to its association with non-communicable diseases and all-cause mortality. Indeed, people obesity are at increased risk for variety obesity-related disorders including hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular several cancers. Many popular diets very different macronutrient composition, the Mediterranean diet (MD), have been used, proposed, studied prevention management obesity. In particular, MD has subject countless studies over years now boasts large body scientific literature. this review, we aimed update current knowledge by summarizing most recent evidence on effect disorders. Recent Findings The negative effects partly reversed substantial weight loss that can be achieved MD, especially when low-calorie in combination adequate physical activity. addition, composition correlated an excellent reducing dyslipidemia. It also positively modulates gut microbiota immune system, significantly decreasing inflammatory mediators, common ground many Summary People medical disease. Therefore, there inevitable need measures manage related At point, proposed as valuable nutritional intervention. characterized high consumption vegetables, fruit, nuts, cereals, whole grains, extra virgin olive oil, well moderate fish poultry, limited intake sweets, red meat, dairy products. proves healthiest dietary pattern available tackle prevent diseases, disease diabetes.

Язык: Английский

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The Mediterranean Diet: An Update of the Clinical Trials

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(14), С. 2956 - 2956

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2022

The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is a term used to identify dietary pattern originating from the unique multi-millennial interplay between natural food resources and eating practices of people living in basin. Scientific evidence has described healthy properties MedDiet its beneficial role several pathological conditions. Nevertheless, current socio-economic trends have moved away this lifestyle. Thus, clinical biological supporting benefits needed overcome these limitations. Clinical nutrition research examines effects interventions on or health-related outcomes determined study population. produced by studies useful for guidance public health messaging. We provided an update trials registered database clinicaltrials.gov evaluating specific diseases. Our findings revealed increased number last decade found that most disease-related focused cardiovascular diseases, metabolic cancer. majority MedDiet’s could be primarily related anti-inflammatory anti-oxidant as well effectiveness controlling waist circumference obesity. Moreover, strict long-lasting adherence components (e.g., olive oil polyphenols) seem emerge insights interventional improvements. These present further into how it strengthen overall health.

Язык: Английский

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Dietary Recommendations for Post-COVID-19 Syndrome

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(6), С. 1305 - 1305

Опубликована: Март 20, 2022

At the beginning of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, global efforts focused on containing spread virus and avoiding contagion. Currently, it is evident that health professionals should deal with overall status COVID-19 survivors. Indeed, novel findings have identified post-COVID-19 syndrome, which characterized by malnutrition, loss fat-free mass, low-grade inflammation. In addition, recovery might be complicated persistent functional impairment (i.e., fatigue muscle weakness, dysphagia, appetite loss, taste/smell alterations) as well psychological distress. Therefore, appropriate evaluation nutritional (assessment dietary intake, anthropometrics, body composition) one pillars in management these patients. On other hand, personalized recommendations represent best strategy to ensure recovery. this review aimed collect available evidence role nutrients their supplementation syndrome provide a practical guideline nutritionists tailor interventions for patients recovering from infections.

Язык: Английский

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Diets intervene osteoporosis via gut-bone axis

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease that seriously endangers the health of middle-aged and older adults. Recently, with continuous deepening research, an increasing number studies have revealed gut microbiota as potential target for osteoporosis, research concept gut-bone axis has gradually emerged. Additionally, intake dietary nutrients adoption patterns may affect microbiota, alterations in might also influence metabolic status host, thus adjusting bone metabolism. Based on axis, can participate modulation metabolism by altering abundance, diversity, composition microbiota. Herein, combined emerging literatures relevant studies, this review aimed to summarize impacts different components osteoporosis acting well underlying mechanisms proper recommendations.

Язык: Английский

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Novel strategies for cancer immunotherapy: counter-immunoediting therapy

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2023

Abstract The advent of immunotherapy has made an indelible mark on the field cancer therapy, especially application immune checkpoint inhibitors in clinical practice. Although proven its efficacy and safety some tumors, many patients still have innate or acquired resistance to immunotherapy. emergence this phenomenon is closely related highly heterogeneous microenvironment formed by tumor cells after undergoing immunoediting. process immunoediting refers cooperative interaction between system that involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, escape. During these phases, conflicting interactions result formation a complex microenvironment, which contributes acquisition different levels cells. In review, we summarize characteristics phases corresponding therapeutic tools, propose normalized strategies based immunophenotyping. retrograded through targeted interventions immunoediting, making context precision therapy most promising cure cancer.

Язык: Английский

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Modulation of gut‐microbiota through probiotics and dietary interventions to improve host health

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 104(11), С. 6359 - 6375

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024

Dietary patterns play an important role in regards to the modulation and control of gut microbiome composition function. The interaction between diet microbiota plays order maintain intestinal homeostasis, which ultimately affect host's health. Diet directly impacts microbes that inhabit gastrointestinal tract (GIT), then contributes production secondary metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, neurotransmitters, antimicrobial peptides. consumption with genetically modified probiotics can be best vaccine delivery vector protect cells from various illnesses. A holistic approach disease prevention, treatment, management takes these intrinsically linked diet-microbes, microbe-microbe interactions, microbe-host interactions into account. components, fiber modulate beneficial microbiota, they have resulting ameliorative effects against metabolic disorders. Medical interventions, antibiotic drugs conversely detrimental on by disputing balance Bacteroides firmicute, contribute continuing states. We summarize known dietary fibers, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, proteins, phenolic antibiotics this article addition effect consequentially their shaping human © 2024 Authors. Journal Science Food Agriculture published John Wiley & Sons Ltd behalf Society Chemical Industry.

Язык: Английский

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Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Nutrition and Its Relationship to Epigenetics

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(2), С. 1228 - 1228

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2024

The intestinal microbiota is a community of microorganisms inhabiting the human intestines, potentially influencing both physiological and pathophysiological processes in body. Existing evidence suggests that nutrients can influence modulation gut microbiota. However, there still limited regarding effects vitamin mineral supplementation on through epigenetic modification. It plausible maintaining an adequate dietary intake D, iron, fibre, zinc magnesium may have beneficial effect alleviating inflammation body, reducing oxidative stress, improving condition various mechanisms. Moreover, epigenetics involves alterations phenotype cell without changing its fundamental DNA sequence. appears by lead to regulation. correlations between are interdependent. Therefore, primary objective this review identify complex relationships diet, microbiota, These interactions could play crucial role systemic health.

Язык: Английский

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Ketogenic nutritional therapy (KeNuT)—a multi-step dietary model with meal replacements for the management of obesity and its related metabolic disorders: a consensus statement from the working group of the Club of the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE)—diet therapies in endocrinology and metabolism

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 47(3), С. 487 - 500

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2024

Abstract Purpose The ketogenic nutritional therapy (KeNuT) is an effective dietary treatment for patients with obesity and obesity-related comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, coronary artery disease, some of cancers. However, to date official document on the correct prescription diet, validated by authoritative societies in nutrition or endocrine sciences, missing. It important emphasize that requires proper medical supervision patient selection, due complex biochemical implications ketosis need a strict therapeutic compliance, experienced nutritionist personalization whole protocol. Methods This practical guide provides update main clinical indications contraindications meal replacements its mechanisms action. In addition, various phases protocol involving replacements, monitoring, management potential side effects, are also discussed. Conclusion will help healthcare provider acquire necessary skills provide comprehensive care overweight, diseases, using multistep treatment, recognized Club Italian Society Endocrinology (SIE)—Diet Therapies Metabolism.

Язык: Английский

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