Assessment of proline function in higher plants under extreme temperatures

Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(3), С. 379 - 395

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2023

Climate change and abiotic stress factors are key players in crop losses worldwide. Among which, extreme temperatures (heat cold) disturb plant growth development, reduce productivity and, severe cases, lead to death. Plants have developed numerous strategies mitigate the detrimental impact of temperature stress. Exposure leads accumulation various metabolites, e.g. sugars, sugar alcohols, organic acids amino acids. accumulate acid 'proline' response several stresses, including Proline abundance may result from de novo synthesis, hydrolysis proteins, reduced utilization or degradation. also tolerance by maintaining osmotic balance (still controversial), cell turgidity indirectly modulating metabolism reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, crosstalk proline with other osmoprotectants signalling molecules, glycine betaine, abscisic acid, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, soluble helps strengthen protective mechanisms stressful environments. Development less temperature-responsive cultivars can be achieved manipulating biosynthesis through genetic engineering. This review presents an overview responses outline under such temperatures. The exogenous application as a molecule is presented. interaction molecules discussed. Finally, potential engineering proline-related genes explained develop 'temperature-smart' plants. In short, promise ways forward for developing future

Язык: Английский

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Role of phytohormones in regulating cold stress tolerance: Physiological and molecular approaches for developing cold-smart crop plants

Plant Stress, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8, С. 100152 - 100152

Опубликована: Март 23, 2023

Global climate variations induce extreme temperatures and significantly decrease crop production, leading to food insecurity worldwide. Temperature extremes (mainly cold stress (CS): chilling 0–15 °C freezing <0 temperatures) limit plant growth development severely affect physiology biochemical molecular processes. Subsequently, plants execute numerous endogenous mechanisms, including phytohormone biosynthesis (i.e., abscisic acid, cytokinins, jasmonic salicylic gibberellic brassinosteroids, indole-3-acetic ethylene, strigolactones) tolerate stressful environments. Phytohormones are vital for managing diverse events associated with under CS as important signaling substances that dynamically arbitrate many physiological, biochemical, responses through a stress-responsive regulatory cascade. This review briefly appraises adaptation mechanisms then comprehensively reports on the crucial role of several phytohormones in adjusting response acclimation. We also discuss phytohormone-regulated genes controlling tolerance their genetic engineering combat species develop future CS-smart plants. The potential state-of-the-art omics approaches help identify phytohormone-induced novel genes, metabolites, metabolic pathways is discussed. In short, we conclude exogenous application phytohormones-regulated promising techniques developing cold-smart

Язык: Английский

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miRNAs for crop improvement

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 201, С. 107857 - 107857

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2023

Climate change significantly impacts crop production by inducing several abiotic and biotic stresses. The increasing world population, their food industrial demands require focused efforts to improve plants ensure sustainable production. Among various modern biotechnological tools, microRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the fascinating tools available for improvement. miRNAs belong a class small non-coding RNAs playing crucial roles in numerous biological processes. MiRNAs regulate gene expression post-transcriptional target mRNA degradation or translation repression. Plant have essential plant development stress tolerance. In this review, we provide propelling evidence from previous studies conducted around one-stop review progress made breeding stress-smart future plants. Specifically, summary reported genes improvement growth development, We also highlight miRNA-mediated engineering sequence-based technologies identification stress-responsive miRNAs.

Язык: Английский

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Developing future heat-resilient vegetable crops

Functional & Integrative Genomics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2023

Climate change seriously impacts global agriculture, with rising temperatures directly affecting the yield. Vegetables are an essential part of daily human consumption and thus have importance among all agricultural crops. The population is increasing daily, so there a need for alternative ways which can be helpful in maximizing harvestable yield vegetables. increase temperature affects plants' biochemical molecular processes; having significant impact on quality Breeding climate-resilient crops good yields takes long time lots breeding efforts. However, advent new omics technologies, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, efficiency efficacy unearthing information pathways associated high-temperature stress resilience has improved many vegetable Besides omics, use genomics-assisted approaches gene editing speed allow creation modern cultivars that more resilient to high temperatures. Collectively, these will shorten create release novel varieties meet growing demands productivity quality. This review discusses effects heat vegetables highlights recent research focus how genome produce temperature-resilient efficiently faster.

Язык: Английский

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Nano‐enabled stress‐smart agriculture: Can nanotechnology deliver drought and salinity‐smart crops?

Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2(3), С. 189 - 214

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2023

Abstract Salinity and drought stress substantially decrease crop yield superiority, directly threatening the food supply needed to meet rising needs of growing total population. Nanotechnology is a step towards improving agricultural output tolerance by efficacy inputs in agriculture via targeted delivery, controlled release, enhanced solubility adhesion while also reducing significant damage. The direct application nanoparticles (NPs)/nanomaterials can boost performance effectiveness physio‐biochemical molecular mechanisms plants under conditions, leading advanced tolerance. Therefore, we presented effects plant responses explored potential nanomaterials for systems, discussed advantages applying NPs at various developmental stages alleviate negative salinity stress. Moreover, feature recent innovations state‐of‐the‐art nanobiotechnology, specifically NP‐mediated genome editing CRISPR/Cas system, develop stress‐smart crops. However, further investigations are unravel role nanobiotechnology addressing climate change challenges modern systems. We propose that combining speed breeding techniques could enable designing climate‐smart cultivars (particularly bred or genetically modified varieties) security world

Язык: Английский

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Trehalose: A sugar molecule involved in temperature stress management in plants

The Crop Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(1), С. 1 - 16

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2023

Trehalose (Tre) is a non-reducing disaccharide found in many species, including bacteria, fungi, invertebrates, yeast, and even plants, where it acts as an osmoprotectant, energy source, or protein/membrane protector. Despite relatively small amounts Tre concentrations increase following exposure to abiotic stressors. Trehalose-6-phosphate, precursor of Tre, has regulatory functions sugar metabolism, crop production, stress tolerance. Among the various stresses, temperature extremes (heat cold stress) are anticipated impact production worldwide due ongoing climate changes. Applying can mitigate negative physiological, metabolic, molecular responses triggered by stress. also interacts with other sugars, osmoprotectants, amino acids, phytohormones regulate metabolic reprogramming that underpins adaptation. Transformed plants expressing Tre-synthesis genes accumulate show improved Genome-wide studies Tre-encoding suggest roles plant growth, development, This review discusses mitigating stress—highlighting genetic engineering approaches modify crosstalk, interactions molecules—and in-silico for identifying novel diverse species. We consider how this knowledge be used develop temperature-resilient crops essential sustainable agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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Temperature‐smart plants: A new horizon with omics‐driven plant breeding

Physiologia Plantarum, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 176(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract The adverse effects of mounting environmental challenges, including extreme temperatures, threaten the global food supply due to their impact on plant growth and productivity. Temperature extremes disrupt genetics, leading significant issues eventually damaging phenotypes. Plants have developed complex signaling networks respond tolerate temperature stimuli, genetic, physiological, biochemical, molecular adaptations. In recent decades, omics tools other strategies rapidly advanced, offering crucial insights a wealth information about how plants adapt stress. This review explores potential an integrated omics‐driven approach understanding temperatures. By leveraging cutting‐edge methods, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, miRNAomics, epigenomics, phenomics, ionomics, alongside power machine learning speed breeding data, we can revolutionize practices. These advanced techniques offer promising pathway developing climate‐proof varieties that withstand fluctuations, addressing increasing demand for high‐quality in face changing climate.

Язык: Английский

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Harnessing the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases against abiotic stresses in plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2023

Crop plants are vulnerable to various biotic and abiotic stresses, whereas tend retain their physiological mechanisms by evolving cellular regulation. To mitigate the adverse effects of many defense induced in plants. One these is mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, a signaling pathway used transduction extracellular stimuli into intercellular responses. This stress activated series responses involving MAPKKKs→MAPKKs→MAPKs, consisting interacting proteins, functions depend on collaboration activation one another phosphorylation. These proteins key regulators MAPK crop under conditions also related hormonal It revealed that response signaling, MAPKs characterized as multigenic families elaborate specific transformation well antioxidant regulation system. directed framework stopping domains confer associates with unique structure functions. Early studies plant focused model Based results whole-genome sequencing, have been identified plants, such Arbodiposis , tomato, potato, alfalfa, poplar, rice, wheat, maize, apple. In this review, we summarized recent work classification cascade Moreover, highlighted modern research methodologies transcriptomics, proteomics, CRISPR/Cas technology, epigenetic studies, which proposed, identified, novel genes associated role conditions. In-silico -based identification facilitates future function

Язык: Английский

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A foundational large language model for edible plant genomes

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024

Abstract Significant progress has been made in the field of plant genomics, as demonstrated by increased use high-throughput methodologies that enable characterization multiple genome-wide molecular phenotypes. These findings have provided valuable insights into traits and their underlying genetic mechanisms, particularly model species. Nonetheless, effectively leveraging them to make accurate predictions represents a critical step crop genomic improvement. We present AgroNT, foundational large language trained on genomes from 48 species with predominant focus show AgroNT can obtain state-of-the-art for regulatory annotations, promoter/terminator strength, tissue-specific gene expression, prioritize functional variants. conduct large-scale silico saturation mutagenesis analysis cassava evaluate impact over 10 million mutations provide predicted effects resource variant characterization. Finally, we propose diverse datasets compiled here Plants Genomic Benchmark (PGB), providing comprehensive benchmark deep learning-based methods research. The pre-trained is publicly available HuggingFace at https://huggingface.co/InstaDeepAI/agro-nucleotide-transformer-1b future research purposes.

Язык: Английский

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Omics: A new, promising technologies for boosting crop yield and stress resilience in African agriculture

Plant Stress, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11, С. 100366 - 100366

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024

African agricultural systems are now in crucial need to assure food for the overgrowing population. To meet this challenges, we better way identify and modify key proteins genes involved yield potential, nutrient value, stress tolerance crops like maize, sorghum, soybeans, cassava, rice, etc. The deep understanding of metabolomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics has proven be a useful tool increasing crop resilience Africa. However, there is very little information available regarding recent use omics technology increase yields This review provided advances plants molecular profiling techniques enhance our breeding strategies grown study will plant technologies inform strategies.

Язык: Английский

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